602
version made by the troops on this distant service, to assait the colonists; and the Emigrant Boere at Natal continued in general uureconciled to the British Go-
vernment.
THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONG-KONG GAZETTE.
before them at Natal a Government frinly established, close there may be still fewer regrets, still more solid grounds protection promptly extended to all around, and Justi❘ for congratulation, and still brighter hopes! ce faithfully administered, without either cruelty or weakness
rance.
The Lieutenant Governor, Colonel Hare, having Turning to the Colony itself, this year has been to the satisfied himself that the danger of a Caffer irruption tape one of unbroken happiness, Health, propitious season, at that moment was immaginary, moved a sufficient and an abundant harvest, have filled the hearts of men with There is food for all; employment pre joy and gladness. force from that Frontier to Colesberg and the neigh-pared for industry; and labor ready to answer the call of bourhood of Philipolis, and effectually relieved the capital. And if, in its foreign relations, Government may Griquas and the chief Kok from all apprehension of have given cause for regret, in its domestic or home depart subjugation by Mocke, or what the good ineu amongst ment, it has shaken of the dust of agos, and advanced in a them were more fininediately afraid of from the ne-
course of usefulness with a degree of prudence, energy, and cessity of a murderous conflict with Mocke, and the success, that leave nothing to be desired--except perseve. insurgent colonists that acknowledge him as their com anandant Having accomplished the object of his mo- Vement, the Lt. Governor, leaving a small Force at Colesberg to watch the proceedings of the Emigrants, returned to Graham's Town The Caffer Frontier, during his absence, had been kept in a state of tran- quility, which fully justified the confidence he had expressed in the Chiefs at his departure."
Sub-equently Government admitted Kok as Chlef of the Giiquas of Philipolis, and the district of which it is the chief village or capital, into the number of its Native Allies, in the same manner as Waterboer, chief of Griqua Town and its district, was admitted by Sir Benjamin D'Urbiau, in 1834--a measure highly approved of by" the British Government, though Lord Aberdeen, then at the head of the Colonial Depart ment, by whom in his Majesty's name the formation of similar Treaties with the Native Chiefs of South- ern Africa was at the same time urgently recom-. mended,
The Paper Money, or Debt, has been reduced to the ma The Revenue has been nageable sum of about £50,000. enriched by "arreare, and secured for the future by strict and business-like rules for jus collection, Public works have been liberally attended to--and an Ordinance has been pas- sed for raising funds sufficient, in the due course of popula tion and wealth, to open up the whole Golong to Industry and Capital, by good Ronds. The grant Road across the Cape Downs, so much, talked of fof the last quarter of a cen. tury, is now in the hands of the Engineer; and other works of the same enlivening character are in contemplation, some of which will be begun, and some begun and finished in the course of the present year.
Connected with Roads, it should be mentioned that aime new regulations and arrangements in the Post Office, with the conveyance of the Mail by Coach between Cape Town and Swellendam, have niade the communication between the two ends of the colony mure. expeditious and regalar.
Of the Public Institutions, it is enough to say that they are active and prosperous The Municipalities," becom ing more and more familiar to those who work thera, have Mocke and his companions unhappily remain un-
added greatly to the peace and order of the villages and reconciled. He has moved, or intends to remove, it is towns, and are daily projecting or accomplishing improve said, farther to the westward, and the last inteligencements in their respective kingdoms." from him indicated the most determined resistence to the authority of the British Government.
There has been nothing remarkable in the trade and com- merce of the Colony during the year, except steadiness, and what may be called natural increase,
In Cafferland there neither has been, nor is there the slightest appearance, at present, that there ever Judging by the observance of the outward forms of reli- will be again, anything resembling a national inove-gon, by attendance at Church, by the attention devoted to ment of a hostile character against the Colony. They the Education of the young, by the liberal support given to are now treated by the Government, by its officers, public charities, by the extent to private but not unobserved acts of benevolence, and by the small amount of grimes and and by the colonists, with justice, with kindness, and when offences occur, with perfect temper and modera- offences, and the decrease of litigaiton, the inference is that pure and undefiled religion is spreading and deepening over tion. They have nothing to complain of; and con
all the land. sidering the Missionaries settled amongst them and
The progress of Education, comprehending in that term maintained by British benevolence, as a Gift, they will the communication of religious truth, and "setting" of ro become daily more sensible of the debt of gratitude ligions sentiments, as well as a knowledge of the Arts and they owe to their civilized and christian neighbours.
Sciences, is in the highest degree satisfactory. Government, With the chiefs of these Tribes seperate treaties by the liberality of its provisions on this head, has done all were entered into by Lt. Governor Stockenstrom in that man can well de to secure the services of instructors 1836, on the principles of which, with some slight al who know the difference between training and mere teach, terations in detail redress for thefts or robberies com-ing; and the numbers that altendly avail themselves of this mitted on colonial property, chiefly horses and cattle, liberality, show that it has not been bestowed on a people is still exacted from the chiefs of the territory into insensible of its value, May the Influence which alone which the stolen animals can be traced, though they gives strength and permanence to the efforts of man, rest on should not be discovered there, nor the rubber detected that discipline which is intended, to the words of the Mora list, to breathe into the pening souls of yontb, at this In other respects the general law of nations is observed critical period of the formation of character, those inestimable in a formal dealings between the two parties.
virtues of sincerity, of integrity, of independence, which will ever guide them more safely through life than mere prudence, while they provide an inward fountain of pure delight, im. measurably more abundant than all the outward sources of precarious and perishable pleasure."
In the course of the year, several merders have been committed on that portion of the Colonial Frontier, evidently by Caffers, and some persons have recently been seized in Cafferlaud, under suspicion of being concerned in those crimes, one of whom has been de- livered up to the colonial authorities, charged with the
nurder of an Englis man named Harden.
Numerous cases of loss in cattle, horses, &c., appear this year on the Returns of Depredations by Caffers for which the parties cannot claim redress from and at the expense of the chiefs, in the manner provided by the Treaties alluded to above,
To obtain redress from the chief at his expense, it is
required that due diligence shal have been used in in guarding the cattle; in pursuing after them when missing and that they shall have been traced into the territory of the chief against whom the demand is made. As the Treaties now stand, the chief ground of claim for this kind of redress, is the fact that the cattle were spoored, or traced into a certain chief's ter ritory. It is assumed that the chief knows nothing of the theft-that he is perfectly inuocent; yes if a thief has driven stolen cattle into his territory, he is bound by treaty to find them, or to compensate tlie owner within a given ime. If catle are lost by a colonist, but not tracted into any chief's territory, this kind of redress, that is, redress at the expence of any Such an idea is chi, cannot be claimed, of couise.
But if stolen cattle, or stolen- ogether monstruous.
perty of any description, or criminals who have es- Sped into Cafferland, with or without their booty, can be detected in Cafferland, the Colonial Gover- ment can enforce redress by the general law of all na- tions; and it is extremely desirable that in every instance the whole resources of the Government were, exented to render theft and robbery quickly and cer tainly fatal to the perpetrators. For this marauding like the slave-trade, will never be entirely put down,' till it has been made upon the whole a losing concern. Connected with the Emigrant Buers on the Orange River, and the Native Tribes, it should be noticed that a Treaty, similar to that made with Waterbuer aud Kok, has been, or is about to be made with a chief named Meshesh, whose tribe resides in a mountainous country, about half way between Colesberg and Natal Some very able and intelligent French Missionaries bave resided with this chief for several years, and the civilization of his people is advancing very, favourably under their influence. He is himself a remarkable nan of strong natural talents, with great quickness of ap- prehension, of dauntless courage and singular humani- ty, in dealing both with open enemies and secret foes. His connection with the "Colony will strengthen his bands both in his domestic reign and in resisting the pressure of certain parties from the Colony, who have lately been hovering upon his border.
Taking the whole Border, then, as far down as Mashesh's country, the Policy of Government during 1843, has been judicious, temperately firm, and favor- ed with a very high degree of succes.
At Natal the policy of Government in its attempts to reclaim the Emigrant Boers, has entirely faile!. At Port Natal itself, where there are persons of various nations, connected with trade, there is of course a wish to see the authority of Great Britain established and enforced for general protection; and at Peter Mauritsburgh, where is a strong party of military in s fortified position under Major Smith, there is with some an outward submission to a superior foice; bur there has been no reconci iation, and the majority ut- terly deny that they ever did submit, as they affirm that they never will submit to the authority of the Crown of Great Britain. This has now been.confirm- ed by testimony that rendeis doubt ridiculous.
Whether a different Policy wound have saved these unfortunate men from the miseries that are daily deep- ening on them and their children, may be disputed They appear to have long meditated a wild indepen dence; a generation has come to maturity where boy- hood has been passed under a hostile #g, and whyse enunity to the English name was imbibed perhaps earlier than the days of boyhood; they have fought, they have obtained victories, and by the Government they hate, have defied, and have beaten, they have been feathered by clumsy attempts at cajulement ! C'ou'd any course of action and event be imagined more likely to confirm them m their first design to renobuce British Rule for ever, and to found a Republic or some such Institution over the heads of subdued tribes in a fertile cominy?
The majority of duse men are thus lost for the pre sent to the British settlement at stel. If they or their children are ever to be restored to regular Goverti
ent and civilizing influencis, it car caly be by weing
Such in general is the impression which a review of the past year leaves on the mind. Much has been given; much is therefore required; and speaking in the name of the whole community, including the Governors and the governed, it is not presumptuous to say, that something has been done May a duble portion of the spirit of the period, distinguished by so many mercies, pervade that now begun, that at its
BOOKS.
CANTON PRICES CURRENT.
1ST DECEMBER, 1844.
IMPORTS.-DUTY PAID.
As an illustration of the progress of reading." at the Capo, and a test of the Increased value set on knowledge, take the following note respecting the Public Library in Cape Ale (best brands) Town:
"When the present Librarian entered on his office in Amber 1824, (only twenty years ago,) the Catalogue of Books (ex- Betel Nut clusive of the Dessinian collection) was entered on a single Canvas-Eng. and sheet of paper. It now stands thus :-- Despinian Collection,
4,500. Vols. Additions to the new Library from 1818 to 1829, 14,rov Donations, Additions from 1828 to 16-13
-
$18 0 per hhd. 0 per catty
54 11
00 porpicul
9 0 per bok
$160 10 50 3 60
8 0
(4
常备
Scotch Cochineal
140
Q
K
0 O per picut
Total
1,900 9,500 15 29,900 Vuls.
"
Copper, sheathing
21
C
U 0
K S.Am. Cordage, European COTTON,Bombay,
20
0 +1 0 0
+
8
#f 0
9 0
Ο
** 15 :
sh. ps. Ts.
"
7 0 6 0
8 8
$4
275 2.80
«
0
SCHOOLS.
To give a comparative view of the state of Education in 1823 and 1813 [twenty years], a Report on the state of Edu- cation in the Country Districts in 1923, by one of the tit cuit Judges, the (venerable Sir John Prater,) and and extract from the Educational Report to Government by the Superin. tendent.General of Education, in 3813, are given in this day's paper. To do justice to the subject, the whole of the Superintendent's Report should have been given, but it would have taken up so much space, and a large portion of it has already apdeared in the colums of this paper, in the course of the y lar. Both will amply repay a carefil perusal !
LIBERTY OF THE PRESS. Twenty years ago, some readers well recollect, by the establishnient of this Paper, the Commercial Advertiser," an attempt was made to obtain for the Cape of Good Hope, With considerable difficulty, and the Liberty of the Press. after some wounds were boil given and received, this innsti mable, privilege was for ever secured to the peuple of this country.
The intention was-and the present writer can speaki with certainly of the intention --the intention was not to cs. Lablish a Newspaper or Journal; it was not to depress, any one party, or to raise up another; it was not to encourage or assist in carrying out any particulur policy, system, orech me even for the public god--but it was simply, solely, exclu. sively to establish the Liberty the Press. With a single eye to this object every other purpose, however good in itschi, was for the tuno neglected, pushed aside, or, if necessary, sacrificed. And however hard it may have been for some years to keep this idea in a state of complete separation from all others; in spite of the nisunderstanding incredulity, or occasional misgivings even of good men, an appeal can not be made to all who entertain benevolent sentiments, and pa. triotic feelings, or gho favor all good works, all pure thoughts, and all holy desirea for the glory of God and the god of man, whether under Providence, they have not-found this Freedom of printing the Chiofasures of their power, and the bulwark of their success.
It was said by a philosopher, that "if in the several des- potism, a place could be found where a inan mgr speak his thoughts without danger, that despism would be over. thrown," But he spoke unadvisedly, not considering that this place, where a man inight speak without danger, would instantly become the seal of a new despotism, the centre of irresponsible actin or power.
This is not what is meant by
the Liberty of the Press The Liberty of the Press in Free- dom to every man in the coniunity to express his tonights in print, under the same danger and responsibility that sur round all other actions in a Free State. If the words printed,
This was the Liberty. injure the laws punish or give redress, we contended for; this was the Liberty we obtained for the Cape. And this Liberty the people of this settlement can never again lose but by their own fault-South Africa, Com Advertiser, January 3.
Madras Bengal
COTTON GOODS . White Shirtings, 40
Grey ditto ditto. Yarn, Nos.18 to 24.-25
Nos. 18 to 32 25 50
8 2
3 20 per piece
3.10
26 50 per picul
** 27 0
4 28 0
2 0
16
Nos. 38 to 42 27 50 Chintz Furniture METALS. Tin, Banca Straits
Plates
Iron, Nail
$4 Bur Steel Lead Pig Quicksilver
18 0
in 50 1
6 0
* 20
i
3 50 per piece
18 50 per picul
* 16 0
if
4 50 4
0 per box
2.25
0
0 per picul
Hoop
2 35
4C
0
0.
41
CL
2 0
4 0
4 80 .117
*K
0.00
6730 0 per chest
15 0
0° 0
0
670
0
old. 0
0
L 0 0
13 th
0
.500 0
4.
0 0 por picul
OPIUM, Patna, new. 720 0
old. 0 Benares, new. 660
24
L
Dull Malwa,new good-720-0
Turkey
Pepper.
5 50 64 0 1)
1.60
i 0
Rice, cargo quality Rattans, Banjermissan ‹ 4 Sandalwood, Malabar 5 12
"Tinor,&s. S.lsl.. 4 Saltpetre
+
1 80
+5
Đ 0
*L
* 13 0
+4
0
L
7
U
46
0 41
7 50
1
0
120 por yard
8 {}
assorted Caralets, English
Dutch.
"EXPORTS, Ox Boaud.
7 50 22 0 0 28
66
0 0
421505
.
30 0
WOOLLENS.
Spanish Stripes. Long Ells, scarlet
Alum
Anniseed. Camphor Cassia
66 Buds China Roots
Comparative Abstract Statement of the Trade of Singaporo, with the Undermen Galangal
tioned Countries during the Official Years, 1842-43 and 1843-44.
China.
483 092 922.551
S· 20 por piece
91 75 to 2 O per picul
10
{}
i h
0 ...16 0 P 20 0
-9 50.
<.
0
17. 0 2:50
* 19
0
ба
3.0
16
·00 0
-240 { Ο 0
:30 0
a
per cutty
460.0 per pient
540 0
44. 0 0
ཆུ་་
Music
Rhubarb
IMPORTS.
SILK..
Teutice.
510
NAMES OF PLACES.
1842-13
1843-44.
INCREASE
Taysson.
450
0
DECREASE
Canton
290 0
TEA.
From Great Britain.
6,393.7.9
5,959,229
431,30
Continental Europe.
792,607
1,157, 02
301,395
Congou new,
18
36
United States.
170,156
4,346
121,8:0
Caper, new.
-17
0
6.21 0
Mauritius, Cape of Good Hope & Australia.
58.2 T
9,817
10,475
Souchong new
30
0
50 0
North America (Halifax).
1,319
1,319
Orange Pekoe,
22
0
# 24 0
Calcutta.
6,372,775
Madras and Coast.
5,397,523 204,239
1,176,453
fine scentel, -50
0
53 0
-277.833
Bombay,
1,199,631
Arabia,
61,693
97,861
207,074 33,108
Twankay. Hyson
28 th
33. 0
44 04 70
0
Manila.
Ceylon.
7:7,3 5 191
339,010
377,716 Young Hyson
Rangoon and Mavimain.
105,106
19
32,078
*75,428-
4,470,032
4,655,499
185,063
Hysen Skin · · Gunpowder.
19
36 0
0
2 70.0
4: 36
51 0 4.63
0
2,418,443
1,900.312
679,191 Imperial:
43 :0 ** 60 0
318,314
316,400
1.999
584,045
515,78)
372,077
398,797
6,260 173,200
023,573
1,191,216
270,613
4,527
28,318
23,441
637,077
672,006
34,329
586,415
807,259
220,811
411,793
663,8-1
255,315
735,122
252, 19 479,800
381,182
351,431
Total, Coy's, Rs.
27,921,2-2
26,693,056
2,135,170
26,693,066
Decrease in 1843-41.
1,228,2*6
29,762
3,763,336 2,135,170 Twist, bales....
1,228,216 Bombay, “...
Stock.
4,225
Stuck.
120.553.
Bengal,
7,151
11,713
1,263,597 493,17
Madras,
10,300
14,986
12
Total 41;128
147,202
Java.
Rhio.
Siam.
Cacbin: China.
East Coast Malayan Peninsula. West
Ditto, Ditte
Sumatra. Borneo.
Bally, Lomboc and Sumbawa. Celebes and other Eastern Islands. Neighbouring Islands and all other Coun
tries or States,
To Great Britain,
Madras and Coast.
1tombey..
Arabia. Manila:
Ceylon,
Total amount of Imp-ris in 1843-14, as above
Rangoon and Maulmain. China Jasa..
Ditto Ditto
Ditto
Ditto
Ditto from Pinang Ditto from Molacca
157.-23 29,1:1 25.544 5,092,941 223,552
در
+
2,996.488 lbs. 13,324,082
EXPORT OF THAS FROM CANTON TO UNITED Kɩxo-.
DOM FROM 1ST JULY TO BOTH Noviser, 1911.
Green, Black,
Total: 16,321,470 lbs. in.30 ships.
COTTON REPORT.
Canton, September 1st to 30th, 1841.
Deliveries. 034 Deliveries. 22,074 -
Cops. Rs. 2:1,693,066
Grand Total Coy's. Rs 28,463,410
Including Stork?!
PRICES OF BULLION.
Sycce Silver, large, 24 per cent, prpinium
small, 1 to 2 ditto
DECREASE. Spanish Dollars, Ferdinand: par
240,036 171,5-2
1710/7 362,821
Carolus, 6 to 7 per cent. for selected. Republican dito, 4 to 5 per cent. discount.
EXCHANGE..
Bills on London at 6 months sight, 4s. 4d: to 4s. Sie Money being in demand for the purchase of Tea on American account, exchange on London has advanced to 117,494 49. 5., at which rate it is frro in Canton,
11,915 5,-03
814,21%
Navy Bills, 43. 2d to 4s. 34 per Mexican dollars. H.M. Plenipotentiary on the BengalGovt., Treasury"
220 Rupees per 100 Mexican dollars." Court of Directors accepted on ditto, 60 days, have Difficult of been offered at 226 Rs. per $100, Sale. Unaccepted 230.·
FREIGHTS.
To London or Liverpool, £3.10 a £3.15 perton of
60 ÚL.
Ao abundance of tonnage, Freight have rather given way.
To Out-ports, 10s. per ton additional.
7 To Amoy, $6
ton of 40 Teet
To ports north of Audy, $10 to 812,50
SHIPS LOADING FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM.
[lindostan, Penang, Malacea, Castle Eden, Albert, Edward, Gilbert Henderson, John Wickliff, Christines, Tuscan, John O'Gaunt, Sappho
Charlotte,
Edited, Printed, and Published by Jons Cano, At The Friend of China and Hongkong Gazette Printing Office, Queen's Road, VicrouJA, Hoxoxone, 1944.
EXPORTS.
NAMES OF PLACES.
1842-13.
1813-11. INCREASE
•
Continental Europe-
United States
Mauritius, Cape of Good Hope & Australia.
3,1-5,591 929,465 2 0,3:8 625,563
2,915,35
Calcutta,
3. 14,685
1,437,3.6
311,116
1,160,520
1,174,571
3.051
24,202
353,576
92,674
2+5.-63
260,9.0
14,500
87-1
33,756
44.64:
14,896
8.1.45.625
7,3.1.340
1,012,771
603,151
203,627
324,460
342-8
33,738
862.690
66,160
116,530
511,595
510.341
4 710
1,021 541
1,149,147
127,916
2,367
41,622
4:351
424,393
531,278
107,5
6.6,048
631,309
25 850
425,316
541,679
278,236
Total, Coy's Rs.
362,507 24,212,159
1,026,15% 201,860
£1,602,903 21,213,155
196.563 737,915
2,887,181 2,426,350
157,617 2,190,390
480.84 1
420,924
Ino Dio Dita Dixo
to Pinang.
"
to Malacce
Coy's, D. 24.002,59% 1,266 704 $52,014
Rhio. .
Siam..
Cochin China:
Eest Coast Malayan Peninsula. West Coast ditto.
Sumatra.
Burneo,
Bally, Lomboc and Sumbawa. Celebes and other Easters Island. Neighb Island, &'all other Country & States.
Increase in Cey's, Ps.
Total amount of Experts in Ja-13-ii, as above
Dino
DEO
Grand Total Coy's R+. 26,159,549"
por
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