490
in order to make the necessary experiments on the resistance, flexibility weight and other qualities which are indispensible to a good spar.
I invite, therefore, the commanders of the Mili tary and Commercial Marine, naval constructors, officers, and all other persons, competent to judge of the proposed idea, to have the goodness to com municate the improvements or objections which present themselves, and to visit the Brig "Antenor" now lying in the river, to examine the boom which is belig made, when I shal explain to those who may do me this favor, the principles and reasons there upon which I found my projects itself my there inspect the mechanism of the spar itself.
Pray have the goodness to publish as a supple ment to your valuable paper the present article in Spanish and English by which you will much oblige.
Your Obedt. Servant, LORENZO MORENO CONDE. Sn. Miguel, 3rd July, 1844... The publication of the preceding article having been delayed from various causes, it has appeared to me more proper to append to it the reasons upon which my opinion is supported; for although, as I have said before, I am not able to sustain it by scientific demonstration, it will give an oppor- funity to others to make the experiments which I point out, and offer an open field for the discus sions to which the project may give rise,
The spars are not to be made of any kind of bam- boo indifferently, but only of those known to the natives as pisig and batibog which are straighter, of less diameter in proportion to the length, and conseqnently less flexible and more solid than others; and whion such canes are crooked, it is re medied with little trouble, by means of a slow fire, an operation familiar to every native sailor.
Having chosen this description of bamboo for the proposed object, I suppose as a fundamental principle of any theory that one of them is tougher and less flexible, or at least not less so than a pine or other light wooden pole of an equal diameter and this may be readily proved by experiments upon poles of wood and bamboos of equal diame ter. No one will deny that if a spar of any kind of wood, and of 10 inches diameter for instances possesses a certain strength, that ten poles of the same wood each one tenth that diameter, (in the
present ease one inch each) well lashed together, will be stronger; a fact easily proved by mathema- etical demonstration. The collection of rods which were bound around the axes of the Roman Lectors were an emblem of force, and these are still used as its symbol.
I do not suppose that it will be necessary to make the bamboo spars thicker than those of wood, but of the same diameter or perhaps even less, and their weight will undoubtedly be less than that of the lightest pine, in as much as the canes are hollow. The duration of these latter cut at a pro- per season (which is indispensible to those which are to be used as spars) and protected from the effects of the weather, or even exposed to it and only preserved by the natural varnish or glazing, which should on no account be removed, is very great, say 50 or 60 years, even longer, and it would not be easy to find a wood which might resist so long the ellects and injuries of the weather, espe vially in a tropical climate. A bamboo I think would outlast a man's life,
These are the fundamental reasons which induce
me to believe my project both feasible and advan, tageous. I shall now reply to some objections which have been made, and to some which have occurred to myself; after which I shall explain the mechanism of the spars of bamboo and point out other benefits which must result from their adoption, That the yards will not be of a less diameter at the arms, as they are at present, is one of the objec tions. In the rst place there is no reason why they should not be precisely similar in form to those of wood, but were it necessary to make them cylindrical throughout their whole length this would be a matter of litte importance, and only of fensive to the eye, which would soon become ac customed to it, and the novelty might even be thought a beauty, because the diminution from the middle of the yard to the extremities is only in tended to reduce the weight and make the form more elegant.
Second objection: That it would not be possible to cut mortices for sheaves, to which I reply that if it should be impossible to make them securely, they might be replaced by blocks; a small and not a permanent offence to the eye of a sailor would be the only inconvenience resulting from this change,
THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.
par of the purpose, without preventing the masts from having their tops of bamboo,
No other objection against this plan has been made, nor does any occur to me at present and now pass on to the consideration of the other paints abore referred to,
in
fortudana, which will be followed by the spanker boom and gaff and also the other spars for my vessels which will beat all times ready for exhibi- tion in my liense for those persons who may be pleased to examine tilera.
I am Sits your obedient servant,
LORENZO MORENO CONDE..
COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION. The statements from the Treasury, required by navigation of the United States, were transmitted law to be male periodically, of the commerce and
to Congress on Tuesday. They comprise the period of nine months ending Fun ons is eligi are, as usual, full of interest for all persons engag ed in mercantile pursuits,
Iron, Nail
2:30
00 per picul
Hoop
60
Bar
4.50 10.
Steel Lead Pig Quicksilver
None,
METAIS-For from there is no demand in Canton, nor for tin plates Lead selling as quoted. On the const Trou and Lead are saleable at a moderato advance on Canton priceaz OPIUM, Patna, new, 775
*
old. 000 per chest Benares, new. 745 000
old. 0 0" 0.0" Malwa, new. 770 0 00
12
Turkey 360 000 per picul..
Orioм--The market is flat, sales being only made to meet
** The plan which I have for making spara of bam- boo is singulaly simple. The longth and diameter of the spar being determined upon, five small benches of proportionate length and breadth are ar ranged, one on each day of this at a third of the it it is intended to make a yard, two on length, and two at the ends of the arms. In prilet to get the diameters correct five rings are to be made of flexible wood, rattan or hoop-iron (I am using the latter) and they are to be fixed vertically on each of the benches This simple arrangement We avail ourselves of an abstract, which we immediate demands. Buyers are evidently aby of taking s being completed the core of the yard is to be put find in the Spectator, to place the general results quantity, the opinion that early and large importations of the Bengal drug prevails. New Patria in Canton, in position, this is composed of two of the largest of these statements before our readers, as follows and Macao may be rated at $775. On the const it is more canes, straight solid and placed together at the The Exports during the nine months ending difficult of procure correct quotations... butts with a small pin of wood, the thickest part the 30th June, 1843, amounted to 894,346,400, of Pepper
5. 0 5.25 being in the middle of the yard diminishing to the which $77,793,783
of domestic, and Rice, cargo quality 2102 25. ends of the yard arms. These are to he tied to the $6,552 697 of foreign articles. Of domestic arti-
RICE--Continues high the prices fluctuate from week to week, according to the changes of weather and number of rings in such a manner as to be in the middle of cles $60,107,819 were exported in American ves-
arrivals. There is little doubt that part of the erop ig ma. them all, Around this core are to be adapted cirsels, and $17,685,964 in foreign vessels. Of the terially damaged, if not destroyed, in Java there is also a cularly the rest of the canes necessary to complete foreign articles $1,945,817 were exported in Amefalling off, at Manila, prices are high, Balli will furnish the usual supply or more, but if there is a dearth among the the thickness of the spar which is marked by the rican vessels, and $1,606,880 in foreign vessels. circles, uniting them always by the thicker ends al- The Imports during the nine months ending valley of the Ganges, On the coast, south of Amoy, Rice is Chinese, they must draw their stuff of life from the fertile ternately a long and short one, that is, in the way the 30th June, 1843,have amounted to $64,758,790, cheaper than in Caston, ut Amoy it is dear, nominal prico
of which there was imported in American vessels | 82,50. $19,971,875, and in foreign veszela $14.781,924. | Rattans
Of the 877,708,783 of Exports, the growth and produce of the United States, there from the Fisheries.
$2.112,548 Forest.
3,351,909
stones are hid in a wall,
The interstices between the pieces are to be filled up by thin strips of bamboo, or binils such as are used for hoops for casks, barrels and in order that the whole may from a mass as solid as possible, and finally strong straps of rattan, cane or hoop- iron are to be placed on this bundle of canes at all the butts in order to render it as firm as possible, and in case the spar is a large one, frapping these straps, or using some mechanical contrivance in case the former simply be insufficient. The yard being finished, it is to be covered with a tarred canvas coat with eyelet holes upon the edges in derneath through which a line passed, drawns the coat light and protects the spar from the effect of the weather, and contributes to the perfection of its shape, and which being painted black will give the construction of lower masts, topmasts, and it she appearance of a wooden spar. Respecting
smaller spars the process is similar to the above. Gue of the greatest advantages which I attribute
to my proposed plan is the dimunition of weight aloft which causes vessels to labor so heavily in bad weather and which is the principal cause of the damage to masts. In addition the trifling cost of materials, (for creh doubling the price of bam. boos when most in demand, I do not think it could equal that of wooden spars of similar tize) an ecos Bomy in cost much increased by the greater dura bility of bambou masts, and which will be the means of avoiding the labor and delay necessary to replace the condemned spais. Damages will consequently be much less frequent and repairs as easy for by carrying in each vessel a quantity of spare bamboos, a yard, a fopnast and indeed the greater part or even the whole of the spars might be replaced on board in a few hours, I have been assured by a commander of an English vessel now in Manila who assues me that he was a witness that the British artillery made but a light impres. in the last, Burmese war, at the siege of Rangoon
sion on that part of the fortifications of the besciged which were of bamboo, for the balla penetrated slightly and fell back as if repelled by the elasticity of the cancs as projectiles are repcled by bundles of hidles or bales of cotton, a fact which if true as there is little doubt, it becomes interesting to vessels of war from the great advantages which may ac crue to them by adopting spars of bamboo, The simple fact that they make no splinters, which would be fatal, nor inflict serious wounds when pierced or torn by balls is worthy from its impor tance of the deepest and most serious consideration, But all the conveniences and advantages which the adoption of my plan presents, are as nothing compared with those of an iden, which has been suggested to me by a friend a Spanish Officer in the merchant service, who lately commanded one of my vessels; a happy and sublime idea which I am tempted to call romantic; which cannot fail to be generally noticed and gratefully appreciated. As some times after a wild dream of imaginary happiness we are tempted to exclaim “Is it a dream t so the consideration of the incalculable advantages to the human race, resulting from the realization of this iden, have almost induced a suspicion in my mind that so great a benefit will prove a mere paradox or illusion of a heated ima- gination. A cool and dispassionate judgment, which alone is the source of all that which is good great or heroic tells me after mature reflection never. theless the contrary. Let then this idea be judged by those skilful in these matters, and let its value be estimated by those capable of feeling it
Third objection: That canes are so flexible as to be improper for the extensive use to which is it proposed to apply them, which I am persuaded is not the case, for I believe that a bamboo of the kind above mentioned, is not more, or very little more flexible than a wooden pole of equal dimensions,
Let every vessel carry a supply of spare bambinos and with regard to spars made from a number of large in proportion to her tonnage, which may be bamboos lashed together, I am inclined to think arranged as two large bundles firmly bound with that they will be less flexible than similar ones of iron hoops or straps, lashed securely under the wood. But even if they should be more flexible, channels. To this recourse may be had in case this would be the sole defect, against other great shipwreck without the delay and trouble which it advantages; and it might be remedied by means
costs to make rafts, and the crew might easily of a brace at about the third of the length of the save themselves by means of these floats. Seci mast, topmasts or yards, without this addition to red to the sides of the vessels they will prevent the standing rigging in this case being an objecher being crank and prevent, should she be forced tion.
down upon her beam ends, that she become the Fourth objection :
That yards or topmasts of coffin of ber crew, as no wind how strong soever Bamboo being very light would nee run down easily, could cause a vessel so prepared to heel over sufli- Fpon this point I have some experience, from which ciently to make it necessary to cut away her I conclude that the weight of bamboo spars would masts. Childles motherss! widowed wives unhap be sufficient to make topmaals strike by their own weight, and prevent the yards from scraping a gainst the mast and it would be cast to make ex periments to confirm my opinion and do away with this objection if it existed by attaching a rope in the heel of the mast or the slings of the yard to aid its discep
Fifth objection
py orphans ! whose support whose happiness, whose protectors have pershed in the fothomless deep, receive a sad consolation! Hence forward we shall not see repeated in its present horrid frequen Icy these entastrophes which affect humanity and
humble human pride!
T
I have not said all which might he said nor esu Thil it would not be possibile | I aspire to exaust this subject; but satisfied with ** make lower masts for vessels having tops from having opened the door to a discussion, in a wal the difficulty of fitting the cheats for the trusel trees. ter which cannot fail to offer a vast field for ob- This objection, if good in this case, is none against servation to some more able than myself, I conclu- Eaving this kind of spar where the above is not de by declaring that from the moment this idea recessary. In addition to which I connot see why occurred to me I deemed it my duty to make it en apparatus of wood might not be fitted to the public. In inditing this article then I have accom- mast heads to support the trasfo trees, for bamboos! plished the duty of an honest man, and those who are not weaker in a vertical than in a horizontal į may attribute to me other motives will be vers position and shoakt my plan be adopted I could; mirchi mistaken. evalit a izole of fitting which appears to me pro- I have already made the fore yard of the polucra
Agriculture, Animals. Vegetablo food
!
Tobacco. Ctton.
Manufactures.
wore
||
3.50
Sandalwood,Malabar. 11 0 Timor,&S.S.Isl. 40
4
0
t
K+
13 0
70
21
Saltpetre WOOLLENS..
7.0
750
3:263,691 6,955,908
Spanish Stripes Long Ells, scarlet
8.50
12
10,919,602
0.
4,651,079
49,119.806
3,223.550
Of the domestic produce, $37,720.951, or about half the emire amount, was exported to England, Scotland, and fre. land.
Of the foreign goods imported, there were Frae of duty.
1
Ad valorem duties. Specific duties
$35,574,581 *16,694,875 12,491,310
$64,753,799
1,148,523 tons of American shipping entered, and 1,286 0183 tons cleared from the parts of the United States, 531.. 752 tons of foreign shipping entered, and 523,919 tons
cleared, during the samas period.
The number of vessels, American and foreign, arriving at all ports of the United Stated was.
American.
1972
Of these, arrived at— Boston. New York. New Oricans
10125 per yard
assorted. 8:0
8.80 per picco
Camlets, English. 22 024 0 .).
Dutch . 28 0 * 30 0 WOOLLENS-Camblers, with the exception of those of a scarlet e lour, are very dull. Spanish Stripes in no demand. Long Eils are also dull. On the coast we hear of a trai sactions, though there is no impression that when the cold weather sets in woollen gonda will be inoru saleable at her. tor prices than have lately, rued the few transactions that have taken place.
EXPORTS, -On Board -
81.75 to 10 50
18 0.
Alum Anniscent Camphor Cassia
20 per picul f1 0
£4
23 0
# 20 0
#
9 50
10
Foreign
Testal,
Buds
17 0
28380
7761 China: Roots
Galangal
2.50
·EL
3 ม
.2..20
66
0 0
455
488
875
276
013 Musk 1151
90. 0 64
833-
933
1066
Ofthe 534,752 of foreign tonnage, 453,891 was British. The tonnage of the United States, June 30, 1043, was as follows
(1,009,315,,01, The registered tonnage.
- 1,976,155,,50 Enrolled and fecused tonnage.
73,142,33 Fishing vessels.
2,158,002,,33
453,371,86
of registered and enrolled tonnage, there were
employed in the whale fisheries. Of the tonnage, there belonged to the ports of
Registered. Enrolled. Aggregate. Total
1,009,315,01 1,140,207,02 2,158,602,03 165,482,67 37,116,41 202,599,18 237,281,29 259,723 27496,9,106.
New York. Boston,
New Oricans New Bedford Philadelphin
49,957,60 39,445,81
50.452,06 1:40.409,66. 64,891,59 131,311,48 83,056,60 17,021,74 100,081,48 The total tonnage of shipping built in the United States
during the nine in this ending Jane 30 1813, was
Registered a Enrolled.
27,275,,33 36,342,,45
63,617,,77
New York, Spectator.
CANTON PRICES CURRENT. 20TH AUGUST, 1844.
IMPORTS.-Duty PAID.
Ale (best brands) Amber
Betel Nut Canvas-Eng. and
Scotch
Cochineal Copper, sheathing
S.Am Cordage, European COTTON,Bombay,
sh, ps. Ts. old
new
Madras:
825 0 as. O 10 50 411
5 0
Rhubarb
00 per caity 30.0 *4.00 O per picnt
Ravpard-The purchases made of the new rout ure five- inferior kinds; of fine there is none yet the marker, The long continuation of heavy main has neen unfavorable to dry. ing and Borling Rhubarb and may in a considerable degrés render this years crop inferior in quality, RAW SILK.··
Tsatico. Taysann
Canton
+
520 050
0 0 280 0 + 350 40
SIEK-Stock now 500 Bales and m ro daily expected. There is reason to believe that part of the large purchases Jately made consisted of the old esp. · The Silk was of a. "good quality, but had lost the lustre, which always appears isą
it when new.
TEA.
Congou old. Ths. Congou new, Caper, new
12 0 2160 39 -0 430 20023 0
** 20 12 0
30 ) 4.53
Bl 0
fine scented. 450. [4 0. 0
Souchong old,
Souchong new
Orange Pekoe, new 220
Twankay
Hyson
Nono
Young Hyson,
150
is 0 0
20.0
130 0 ◊
36 0 * 18 Gunpowder Canton.":"30 0* 60 0
Hyson Skin Canton. 15.
#
0 per bhd.
|
Imperial Canton....
0467 D
+
0 per catty -0.0 per pical
per picul
9 0 per
bolt
·160 0
32 0. 20
0
0
0
:0
0
5 6
4
No demand. #Bengal # 6 8
85
COTTON Extensive sales lave been made in Canton of the old crop, but at low prices. For the new crop the market is dull. At Amoy a parcel (609 Bales) was placed at a long figure, but subsequent imponations have reduced the prices to from $11 to 12por picul. The great supe | nority of cotton of Chinese growth checks the demand for that of India, which is used, as in England, to mix with a longer staple. Though the result of the cotton imported from the United States last year was not encourageing, we have no doubt that, when well known, it will command paying prices First imports will probably be the reverse of profi- table, and may have damped the ardor of these engaged in the trade. The patriotism of extending the commerce of a cudury by personal sacrifice, with but a chance of being temeratel liereafter, is raro every where, and whether in the present instance it will be adopted is questionable-he more especially that the increasing demand for American manufactured etteas will in some degree influence the coa. samption of the raw material at home, and give profitable employment to capital.
|
COTTON GOODS.
Tras-For green teas the market is dull. About thirty chops of fine Cong us have been taken at extreme rates.
ESCORT OF TRAS FROM 1ST JULY TAA7TH AFGEST
Green, Black,
1,110486 Jus. 9,035,225
2
Total 4,225,711 His.
Cargo City of Dry" included.
COTTON
REPORT.
Canton, July 1st to 31st, 1841.
Deliveries.
Twist, bales.
Stock.
741
4,372
Deliveries.
Stock.
-EL
#1
15501
78,396
3,619
16,256
65
17,00%
111,659
American, bales, Bombay, Bengal, Madras,
including
Total 25,278
Ship Fattel Mobarrack..
PRICES OF BULLION. Sycee Silver, hrge, 24 per cent, premium
small, 1 to 2 ditto Spanish Dollars, Ferdinandık par
I
Carolus, 8 per cent. for selectct. Republican dito, 4 to 5 per cent, discount.
EXCHANGE. Bills on London at 6 months sight, 4s, 30, to 4s. Ad. White Shirtings, 40 3 50
Grey ditto ditto. 3.50 3 10 per piece Navy Bills, 4s. to 45. 10
H.M. Plenipotentiary on the BengalGovt., Treasury. 3.40 4
closed COTTOS Goops-In Canton there have beeri: sales- chiefly groy shirtings at quotations. The saine remark Court of Directors accepted on ditto, 60 days, have applies to Chusan, from which place our latest quotations are been offered at 225 per $100. Difficult of Sale for white oalics $35 to $3,75-grey 83,25 to 83,15.
FREIGHTS, At Amoy, 72 reed, white, #380, grey $3,3)-66 seed, white 150. The rearket well supplied and sales mode.
rate,
Yam, Nos. 18 to 20 24 027 50 per picul
Nos. 38 to 42.20 0 30 D YAZN-Hare slightly ingraved, though sales are still trifling and stocks large. On the coast we do not hear of any transactions lately. Sales were recently attempted at Amay, but the selles could to get an offer is feared that ges will be the maximum price for fine time, though at present it cannot be unted so high, for domed numbers, by 82
Chintz Furniture 20 4 0 per piece METALS. Tin, Banga
16 5 Plates
17 0 per picul 60 perdor
To London of Liverpool, i per ton of 50 ft. To Out-ports, 10s. per ton additional. To Amoy, So per ton of 40 feet: To ports north of Amoy, 68 ditto
SHIS LONDING at Whampoa. Sanderson, William Prowse, South Stock- ton, Earl Liverpool, Englands Queen.
Edifeil, Printed, and Published by Joux Cant, At The Friend of China and Hongkong Gazette Printing Ofice, Queen's Roan, VicTONIA, Hosoxoso, 1944,
No comments yet.
Private notes are available after approval.