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THE HONGKONG GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 6тн JULY, 1878.
The information contained in this notice is to be carefully considered, to be noted in the Sailing Directions, and compared with the chart when the ship is navigating the parts to which it refers.
HYDROGRAPHIC NOTICE. (No. 10.)
CHINA SEA DIRECTORY, VOL. IV.
NOTICE NO. 5.
339
The following information relating to portions of the Korean archipelago and to the Coto islands, furnished by Navi- gating Lieutenant W. Pearce, is resulting from the surveys, in progress, of H. M. S. Sylvia, 1877.
[All Bearings are Magnetic. Variation 4° Westerly in 1878.] KOREAN ARCHIPELAGO.*
Machau Group, about 8 miles east of Modeste island (lat. 34° 42′ N., long. 125° 12′ E.) consists of several islands and rocks extending 8 miles in a N.N.E. and S.S.W. direction.
Mackau Island, the principal and highest island of the group, 1,328 feet high, is 5 miles long N.E. and S.W. and 2 miles broad. A chain of hills rising abruptly on the west side, extends through the length of this islaud, terminating at the north end in Amphitheatre range, which overlooks the chief town (Bacsanto) and St. John harbour.
Anchorage.On the west side of Mackau island, sheltered from easterly winds, good anchorage will be found for large vessels in 7 fathoms, mud, with the south end of Modeste island in line with the south point of West island bearing West, and Venancourt rock 128 feet high, in line with the west point of Mackau island S. by W. W. Small vessels could lie nearer the shore in 5 fathoms water.
St. John harbour, which is open only to north-east winds, is circular, nearly a mile in diameter, and 4 cables wide at its entrance; there are depths of 24 to 4 fathoms, mud, in this harbour. On the north-west side of the entrance lie two islets (Eagle islets), the eastern 204 feet and the western 222 feet high, their western sides rising perpendicularly from the water; the western islet is nearly connected to Mackau island by numerous rocks. About 14 cables north of the eastern islet lies a cluster of rocks, the highest of which is 75 feet high. At 14 cables from the south shore of the harbour lie two rocks near each other which dry 4 and 6 feet respectively.
Observation islet, 45 feet high, and about 300 feet in extent, lies one cable from the west shore of St. John harbour. The observation spot on the summit of this islet is in lat. 34° 41′ 40′′ N., long. 125° 25′ 48′′ E.
Anchorage. A good berth is in 34 fathoms, mud, with the summit of Observation island in line with the north-west peak of Amphitheatre range bearing W. by N. N., and the eastern extreme of Eagle islets N. by E. E.
East island, 770 feet high and wooded, lies about one mile east of Mackau island; the west side of East island is indented with two small bights, and the east side is composed of cliffs. Near the north-east point of East island lies an islet 60 feet high, and at 1 cables N. E. From this islet lies a rock that dries 4 feet at low water. The channel between
East and Mackau islands was not examined; o dangers however were seen from the boats of the Sylvia.
West island, 896 feet high, lies three-quarters of a mile from the west side of Mackau island. When viewed either from the north-east or south-west, the perpendicular fall of the summit stands out prominently; the middle part of the island (a sharp peak 520 feet high) is connected to the southern part by rocks which are covered at high water, and to the northern part by a spit also covered at high water. West island, and a of trees and a few houses on the northern portion of the island; there are also off the north-west A village is situated on the north-east side of the southern portion of point a few
arks above water, and off the north point are two round islets 110 and 100' feet high. The channel email rosulu, am siz avenida utwly across, Diur island est island, bearing N. by E. & E., leads through the deepest water.
between West
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wedge shaped, is a good mark to steer for when approaching Mackau group
it is step on all sides, and may be passed at one cable distance.
feet high, on the north side of Mackau island, is half a mile long N.N.W. 4 W. and S.S.E. † E., Its wooded peak is conspicuous when seen from either the eastward or westward. a cable west of the north point of Wooded island lies a rock which uncovers 6 feet at low water.
At two-thirds of either side a navigable channel; the southern is 3 cables wide and clear of danger, the northern is 4 cables wide with a rock Wooded island has on (Danger rock) lying in the fairway.
This island from its situation protects St. John harbour from winds to the castward of N.E.
Danger rock covers at half tide and lies 33 cables E. by N. & N. from the north point of Wooded island, and 32 cables S.E. S. from the outer rock off the south point of North-east island.
The north-west peak of Amphitheatre range in line with north end of the 75 feet rock at the entrance to St. John harbour, bearing W. by S. E., leads 13 cables north of Danger rock, and midway through the channel between North-east and Wooded islands; the same peak in line with the north poi. Woode1 island W. S. leads three-quarters of a cable to the southward; the west point of East island in line with the cables to the eastward; and the islet near the north-east extreme of East island in line with the south east point of Wooded -east point of Wooded island S. by W. W. leads 14 island S. E. leads three-quarters of a cable to the westward.
North-east island, 540 feet high, immediately to the northward of Wooded island, is 13 miles long and nearly a quarter of a mile broad; near the north and south extremities of the eastern point are two remarkable conical rocks, 100 and 90 feet high respectively. The northern shore of this island is bold and the summit is over the east point; off the south point there are two small rocks, the northern being 28 feet, and the southern 23 feet high.
North island, the north-westernmost of the Mackau group, is recognised by a sharp peak 430 feet high immediately over its west point. Between North and North-east islands lies Passage island, 336 feet high, the channels on either side of which are obstructed by numerous islets.
•
Double islands, the most northern of the group, are two islands about 300 feet high, similar in shape and appearance, lying in an east and west direction from each other, with a boat channel between. Off the north-east point of the eastern- most island are a few rocks, the outer of which, named Pillar, is perpendicular and 143 feet high. In the narrow channel between Double islands and North island there is a small islet 157 feet high, and several rocks which completely block the channel.
Two small clusters of rocks, having deep water around them, lie respectively 44 cables and one mile to the eastward of Double islands, the highest of the westernmost cluster is 56 feet, and that of the easternmost 95 feet high. A depth of 21 fathoms was obtained 2 cables eastward of Pillar rock, and 16 fathoms 2 cables westward of the easternmost cluster of rocks. Sylvia rock, on which the Sylvia struck during the survey in 1877, lies 32 miles N.E. by E. E. from Pillar rock, and has less than 6 feet water, with 10 to 21 fathoms close around.
Directions.-Vessels bound to St. John Harbour from the westward should steer towards Bluff island, passing it on either side, then steer for the north point of Wooded island until past the 75 feet rock, when the harbour will be open.
* See Admiralty charts :-Pacific, sheet 1, No. 2459; Hong Kong to Liau-tung gulf, No. 1262; Nipon island and part of Korea, No. 2347; Korean archipelago, No. 104: Also, China Sea Directory, Vol. IV., 1879, pages 46, 48.
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