46
THE HONGKONG GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 20TH JANUARY, 1883.
HAINAN ISLAND, SOUTH AND WEST COASTS.
YU-LIN-KAN-BAY.*-During the N.E. monsoon, the wind blows from L.N.E. right across the bay, so that after rounding cape Bastion, a vessel will fetch into the inner harbour. The holding ground in the bay is good.
Tides. During single day tides, for time of high water, calculate from a high water full and change of 9h. 05m., p.m., low water being at 9h. 05m., a.m.
SAMA BAY.-East island, is low and long, whether viewed from southward or westward, West island is 200 feet high and pointed.
Horn Mountain, 3,160 feet high, is very conspicuous from eastward, and has a sharp knob on its summit. From westward it looks high but well rounded.
cape.
GREAT CAPE,-rock.—A dangerous rock which covers and uncovers, lies S.W. distant 3 miles from Great
There is deep water between it and the cape.
YAI-CHU BAY.-Snake point, the west limit of Yai-chu bay, lies 10 miles W.N.W. of Great cape, having at its extreme two hummocks, 90 feet high, which shew open when viewed from S.E. or from W.S.W. The high land closes the shore at this point in one or two peaks, and then recedes and forms a background to the level plain of Yai-chu, which appears to be fertile and well watered, closing the coast again at Great cape which is bold with a flat summit 1,740 feet high, with a slight saddle in it.
Islets.-Off Snake point are two islets, Mud islet, 223 feet high, and Button islet, which is conical, 256 feet high. There are no other islets in the bay.
Maddock rock, which covers and uncovers, lies 2 cables N.E. of Button islet.
Winds. When within 5 or 6 miles of this part of the coast,
the N.E. monsoon blows from N.E. to E.N.E. off Yu-lin-kan,
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N.E, to S.E. off Great Cape,
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Light and variable off Snake point,
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North to N.N.W. off S.W. point,
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with a tendency to blow off the land at night.
North to N. by E. off Shoal point,
The Coast from Snake point, strond in a W.N.W direction for 20 miles to Inkohai village which marks S.W. point. The low coast line forms a long bay, fronted with sand beach 20 to 40 feet high. Two hills, False (400 feet), and Flat (700 feet high), form a foreground near Three-tree anchorage, which is 2 miles south-east of S.W. point.
South Bank, having probably less than 2 fathoms, sand, occupies the centre of this long bay, and is connected with the beach. To pass outside it, do not bring Mud island to southward of the Great cape saddle.
S.W. POINT, situated in lat. 18° 31′ 15′′ N., long. 108° 41′ 0′′ E., is bare and sandy, and the country is flat; but towards S.W. hill, foliage commences, and cocoa nut plantations are common. This appearance is carried nearly up to Shoal point, where sand again predominates, and from here to Pyramid point, which lies 10 miles northward, it is a long sand plain, with occasional scrub and lagoons.
Inkohai Village, or Ng-go-hai, on S.W. point, is built of stone. There are numerous fishing stakes off it. Three low trees on the sand beach, south eastward of it, mark the sheltered anchorage during N.E. monsoon.
S.W. Bank, with about 3 feet water on it, is situated S. 73° W., distant 43 miles from S.W. point, and is 11⁄2 miles long in a N.W. by N. and S.E. by S. direction. It generally breaks, and is steep-to on its off shore side, but it is connected by a shallow ridge to a shoal of about 6 feet N.W. by W. W., distant 34 miles.†
Outer Bank, (sand) in lat. 18° 37′ N., long. 108° 23′ E., lies N. 75° W., about 18 miles off S.W. point, and is a dangerous isolated shoal of about 14 fathoms. It is steep-to both northward and southward, and appears to be the end of a ridge that extends from S.W. Bank. It breaks in a moderate swell but would not show in smooth water.
A shoal with about one fathom on it, part of a ridge, lies N. 86° W., distant 7 miles from South West point.
A shoal of about 3 feet, lies S. 73° W., distant 44 miles from South West point, and is one-and-a-half miles long, in a N.W. by N. and S.E. by S. direction.
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A shoal of about 3 feet, lies N. 28° W. distaut 18 miles from South West point, and another with the same depth, N. 349 W., distant 5 miles.‡
A shoal breaks about half a mile N.W. W. of Inkohai village, half a mile off shore.
A shoal breaks 5 miles N.W. by N. of Inkohai village and 2 miles off the adjacent shore.
Shoal point. From Inkohai village, the coast trends in a general northerly direction to Shoal point, which is 22 miles N. by W. of Inkobai village. Shoal water named Kum-ing-sha extends for several miles off Shoal point, and blocks navigation except for junks.
Caution. This part of the coast should not be approached from seaward within 8 miles, or in less water than 20
fathoms.
Directions. If steering to north-westward and desirous of visiting Inkohai village, steer in for mount Etna in line with the village N.E. N.; or if Etna is obscured, steer in with the east end of village in line with Flat hill N.E. † E.
False hill in line with village leads on to S.W. bank.
Deep water exists between S.W. bank Iukohaj village and is carried up 3 miles towards the sand bank situated 5 miles N.W. by N. of S.W. point. It is probable there is a channel loading to seaward from here, passing to northward of Outer bank, but it has not been surveyed, and should on no account be attempted without a pilot.
If it is desired to visit the coast between S.W. point and Shoal point, a passage will be found for vessels, midway be- tween the sand bank and the point 3 miles north of the village, after passing which, they may coast up in about 3 fathoms, at a distance of 2 to 4 miles from the beach.
Mount Etna (4,970 feet) is a very remarkable summit. It shows as a lofty precipitous crater from S.E, or N.W., but viewed from westward, it appears like a single pinnacle. It can be seen plainly from Yu-lin-kan or from Back-li bay. The mountain ranges are continuous from the vicinity of Tinhosa island round to S.W. hill, which marks the extreme of the Etna range.
Several fine valleys occur, notably at the head of the Yu-lin-kan inner harbour, at Yai-Chu bay and one west- ward of Snake point. From S.W. hill, northward as far as Hoita, the ranges lie far inland, and although they close the coast somewhat at that port, from thence they turn away sharp eastward leaving only detached hills between them and the north coast.
*See Admiralty plan of Yu-lin-kan bay, No. 1,019; scale m=1′6 inches; also, China Sea Directory, Vol. II., pp. 390-4,
See Hydrographic Notice No. 24 of 1882.
Originally published in Hydrographic Notice No. 24 of 1882,
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