TNAG-2856-FCO40-4109-Hong-Kong-compensation-claim-regarding-Korean-Air-Lines-Flig-1993 — Page 91

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1.13

1.13.1

1.13.1.1

Korean Air Lines flight operations

Company Operations Manual

The Company Operations Manual was approved by the Korean Civil Aviation Bureau. It was divided into three volumes: Volume I - Policies and Procedures, Volume II - KAL Route Manual, and Volume III - Operations Manual.

1.13.1.2

Volume I contained the following paragraphs of relevance to the investigation:

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Paragraph 2.5 - Navigation. This paragraph contained instructions on the use of self- contained navigational equipment and procedures in the case of INS becoming inoperative during flight. Training and check procedures were also included.

Paragraph 4.11 - Flight crew duty and rest periods.

Paragraph 7.1 to 7.6 - Communication including radio monitoring during flight, and distress and emergency communication.

1.13.1.3 As a supplement to Volume I, Flight Operations Bulletins had been issued. Bulletin No. 55 North Pacific Routes Operations Procedures was based on the North Pacific Airspace Operations Manual published in March 1983 by the FAA in the United States. This was issued in the Korean language on 14 June 1983 to provide guidance for flight crews on the NOPAC composite route system.

1.13.1.4

The Operations Engineering Bulletin Number 81-4 of 29 June 1981 contained information on the airborne weather radar operating procedures based on the manufacturer's handbooks.

1.13.1.5 Volume II was produced by Jeppesen. It was divided into seven volumes covering specific geographical areas. Each flight crew received two copies of the relevant manual from the KAL dispatch office on departure from Seoul. The "Emergency" chapter included information on the ICAO interception procedures.

1.13.1.6

Volume III contained an Operations Manual for each type of aircraft used by KAL, e.g. B747 Operations Manual, Volume I (Systems) and Volume II (Performance, Mass and Balance, Loading). These manuals were based on the manufacturers' manuals.

1.13.2

1.13.2.1

Pre-flight preparation

The operational flight plan for KE 007 was computer-generated by a contracting company in Los Angeles and forwarded to the KAL dispatch office in Anchorage. The plan was based on an average wind component of -26 kt, an outside air temperature of -45°C and a cruise Mach number of 0.84 at an initial cruising level of FL 310.