- 17 -
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
ANNEX II
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Anther culture: A culture of plant cells derived from excised anthers which contain pollen sacs.
Callus: A mass of undifferentiated cells from a plant. When grown by tissue culture techniques, new cells are generated in an unorganized clump.
Clone (Clonal): A group of genetically identical cells or organisms. derived from a single cell or a tiny piece of tissue through asexual multiplication. The method used to derive clones is called cloning.
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid): The carrier of the genetic information for almost all living organisms. DNA consists of a long succession of nucleotides, the sequence of whose base-components is the actual carrier of the genetic information. cDNA is a synthesized form often used as
a probe in gene mapping. rDNA or recombinant DNA is the hybrid obtained when pieces of DNA from different sources are joined together.
ELISA: Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay is a simple but highly effective diagnostic test to detect the presence of an antigen in a sample.
6.
Embryo Rescue:
7.
8.
In certain cross combinations (wide crossing) of genetically distant parents, the resulting embryos are aborted because of parental incompatibility. Embryo rescue is the process of removing the embryo and culturing (growing) it on a synthetic medium.
Embryo Transfer: The technique of removing fertilized eggs or embryos from an animal and transferring them to the uterus of a surrogate mother.
Genetic Engineering: A collection of techniques used to alter the genetic composition of living cells, usually to make them capable of producing substances or performing functions alien to unmanipulated cells.
9.
Genome: The genetic endowment of a living being.
10.
Hybridoma: A hybrid cell resulting from the fusion of a tumor (cancer) cell and a normal cell such as a lymphocyte that produces antibody. The fused cells will secrete a pure or monoclonal antibody.
No comments yet.
Private notes are available after approval.