E/CN.4/1503
Annex III page 5
gh
of
}
a
ut
is-
.on
:ed
IS,
.er
Y Im,
es
of
y-
y-
he
S
gn
to nt
he
om
r-
nt
ed
he
n.
S
ts
of
of
HQ t thin
ng
of
by
a,
ve
0 1
he
a.
th
ge
i-
ne
ɔn
in
F. V
a
yearly intake from Asia of well over one hundred thousand people. From the Philippines, for example, some 20 000 enter each year.
Dependants of US citizens can enter outside the quota. Many of them are reportedly people in the professional and technical categories, some of whom are research-oriented and expect to find more opportunities of pursuing their in- terests in the United States. The family character of Filipino emigration to the US would seem to indicate that the intention of the migrants is to
is to settle permanently. By the middle of the decade, almost 10 000 Filipinos were reportedly emigrating yearly to Canada.
EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA
17.
Except for some colonial movement, especially
especially to the United Kingdom, throughout the 1950s, labour migration was fairly limited within Europe until the 1960s when, according to figures published by the European Commission, over five million new work permits were issued in six member states alone. The number in 1970 was 946 000. France looked
to Iberia and North Africa, while the Federal Republic of Germany and others increasingly looked to Turkey and Yugoslavia for a continuing supply of human
human resources after improved conditions in Italy persuaded more and more of its citizens who might otherwise have emigrated to stay at home.
18. As a result of the 1973 oil crisis, these international
flows to north west Europe from Algeria, Greece, Italy, Morocco, Portugal, Spain, Tunisia, Turkey and Yugoslavia slowed markedly. Many of the receiving countries had regulations enabling them to reduce or shut off the flow with relative ease.
19. The governments of countries supplying workers had will- ingly allowed emigration, partly as a me ans of relieving unemployment in the short term (even if those who actually left were not necessarily unemployed before going), partly to obtain long-term benefits from remittances which help their balance of payments. In the early seventies, for example, migrant workers reportedly sent more money home to Portugal and Turkey than those countries earned from exports. Remittances were therefore most important, and when recession hit western Europe in the wake of the 1973-75 oil price rises, and the number of "guest workers" fell by almost a quarter of a million, Turkey, having met one third of its import bill with emigrants' remittances, saw these earnings decline by 60 per cent between 1974 and 1977 and by a further 23 per cent in 1978. The unforeseen decline in these earnings could have plunged the country into economic crisis had it not been able to negotiate loans from the International Monetary Fund and a number of western governments.
No comments yet.
Private notes are available after approval.