E/CN.4/1503 page 48
Standardization of Criteria
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106. An analysis of the types and extent of material assistance provided in mass exodus situations in various parts of the world clearly indicates the absence of uniform criteria for the assessment of what is actually needed by groups or individuals
concerned.
Thus, in the case of refugee-type situations, the general attitude adopted is that the uprooted and homeless masses are so deprived that whatever is donated free should be gratefully received. This has sometimes resulted not only in substantial parts of aid packages finding their way to local
markets or
factors", but also in contributing towards "pull factors", actually harming the recipients of international generosity. It is seldom recognized, for example, that malnourishment or famine cannot be eliminated simply through the "dumping" of staple food which might be part of the surplus of the donor country. Likewise, uncoordinated generosity sometimes practised by non-governmental organizations and voluntary agencies, although well-intentioned, impedes methodical planning. Cynics have sometimes qualified this situation as unhealthy competition
in the humanitarian market.
107. It would be desirable to adopt standard and scientific criteria of material aid which are universally recognized and respected both by aid-giving and aid-receiving countries. Some international agencies such as UNHCR, UNICEF and WHO have developed standards in fields such as nutrition, child care, health, hygiene and sanitation. A comprehensive, integrated
approach towards standardization of criteria for material assistance would go a long way, not only in overall economy but
also in
in better and healthier services
services to recipients, particu- larly in mass exodus situations.
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