C174
JOHORE
The revenue for 1938 amounted to $17,922,090 against $20,196,688 in 1937, and the expenditure to $18,853,093 in 1938 against $18,397,752 in 1937. Surplus assets at the end of 1938 amounted to $42,923,851,. The railway, which connects Singapore with the F. M. S. system, was completed in 1909. Along its 120 miles it provides access to the extensive areas of valuable forest land not conveniently reached by the natural waterways. It is operated and leased by the F. M. S. Railways Depart- ment, which now controls the whole of the railways in the Malay Peninsula. A causeway has been constructed over the Straits of Johore, between the mainland of Johre and the Island of Singapore, carrying a railway track and a roadway. It was opened for passenger trains on 1st, October, 1923. The roadway was opened to vehicu- lar traffic on 28th, June, 1924.
The capital is the town of Johore Bahru, or new Johore, as distinguished from Johore Lama, or old Johore, the former seat of the Sultans of Johore, which was situated a few miles up the wide estuary of the Johore river. The new town is a flourishing little place on the nearest point of the mainland to Singapore island, and lying about 17 miles to the north-east of Singapore city, in 1° 26' N. Public Works have received a good deal of attention in recent years and $6,827,640 was spent on them in 1938. There are now about 897 miles of roads in the State, and new roads are being constructed.
The estimated population of the State in 1938 was 709,870, of whom 1,080 were Europeans, 308,240, Malays, 311,620 Chinese, 84,090 Indians and 4,840 others. The Chinese are chiefly found as cultivators of rubber.
Imports Exports
Total
1937 $ 47,288,555 $106,119,505
$153,408,060
1938 $ 43,380,224 $ 62,758,582
106,138,806
European and Chinese have taken up large areas for planting, chiefly rubber, pineapples and coconuts. The export of tapioca was 6,756 piculs in 1938, as compared with 12,604 piculs in 1937, and the value were $85,707 and $25,260 respectively. The export of rubber in 1938 amounted to 1,497,352 piculs, valued at $44,394,960 against 2,067,153 piculs in 1937 valued at $86,349,336. A remark- able feature of the rubber industry in this State is the large amount of land taken up by the Japanose. In 1938, 66,751 piculs of copra, valued at $2,683,629 and 351,106 piculs of areca-nuts, valued at $2,111,773 were exported.
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At the present time the principal exports of Johore are the carefully cultivated rubber, copra, gambier, pepper and areca-nuts, and the natural products of tin, timber, rattans and damar. For almost all such produce Singapore is the port of shipment.
Johore is rich in iron ore, and a mine is being successfully worked by Japanese in Batu Pahat and 491,550 tons of ore worth $2,457,752 were exported in 1938. The export of tin ore in 1938 amounted to 18,015 piculs.
DIRECTORY
GOVERNMENT
Sultan-His HIGHNESS SIR IBRAHIM, G.C.M.G., K.B.E., G.B.E., Sovereign of the Most Esteemed Darjah Karabat (Family Order) and the Most Honourable Darjah Mahkota Johore (Order of the Crown of Johore), First Class Osmanieh Order, First Class Order of the Crown of Rumania and First Class Order of the White Elephant of Siam; "Grand Croix" of the Ordre Royal du Cambodge and "Grand Croix" of the Ordre Imperial du Dragon de l'Annam; First Class Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun of Japan; Fellow of the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland (Hon.); Colonel Commandant, Johore Military and Volunteer Forces and Hon. Col. Johore Volunteer Engineers. Born 17th, September, 1873. Pro- claimed 7th, September, 1895. Crowned 2ud, November, 1895
Private Secretaries-Major The Hon. Dato H. Md. Said, D.P.M.J., P.I.S. and Capt.,
The Hon. S. Abdullah, s.M.J., P 1.S.
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