Directory_and_Chronicle_1939 — Page 713

CHIN KIANG-NANKING

A331

DIRECTORY

會老長南國美

關江鎮 Chin Kiang Kwan

Mei kwok nan chang lao wei

AMERICAN

PRESBYTERIAN

SOUTH-

S. C. Farrior and Wife

C. H. Smith and Wife

MISSION,

J. B. Woods, Jr., M.D. and Wife

Miss C. A. Dunlap, R. N.

Mrs. Una H. Paxton

亞細亞 A si a

ASIATIC PETROLEUM Co. (NORTH CHINA),

LTD. Cable Ad: Doric

BANK OF CHINA-Cable Ad: 6892

BRITISH CONSULATE (Administered by

w

H.M. Consul in Nanking)

古 太 Tai koo

BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE (John Swire &

Sons, Ltd.), Merchants -- Cable Ad: Swire

S. P. Chow

CUSTOMS, CHINESE MARITIME-

Acting Commissioner--- J. Ohrn-

berger

Fu

怡

E Wo

JARDINE, MATHESON & CO., LTD., Merchants

and Steamship Agents-Cable Ad: Inchcoy

Yau Wai Shun, agent

(For Agencies See Shanghai Section)

POST OFFICE-

Deputy Postal Commissioner - Pao

Yung

李美 Mei Foo

STANDARD VACUUM OIL Co.- Telephs.

135 (Office) and 116 (Installation); Cable Ad: Standvac

TEXAS CO., THE, Petroleum Products-

Cable Ad: Texaco

Chen Moo Shin

f.

NANKING

蜜江

Kiang-ning

·

The city owes its present name, "Southern capital," to having been many times the capital of the Empire, the last occasion before the removal there of the Seat of Government in 1927, being in the Ming dynasty at the commencement of the 15th century. Nanking is also known as Kiang Ning Fu, being the chief city of the prefecture of Kiang Ning, and the seat of government for the provinces grouped under the designation of Kiang Nan. Besides Kiang Ning Fu, an elegant Chinese name commonly used is Kin Ling or "golden mound.' From the 5th or 6th century B.C. to the present there has been a walled city at this place. Nanking was specified in the French Treaty of 1858 as one of the Yangtze ports to be opened to trade, but it was not formally opened until May, 1899. In July, 1915, Pukow, the southern terminus of the Tientsin-Pukow Railway (lying across the river from Nanking), was opened to foreign trade as a branch office of the Nanking Customs.

Nanking is situated on the south bank of the Yangtsze, 45 miles beyond Chinkiang and 193 by rail or 215 by water from Shanghai. From the river little can be seen of it except the long line of lofty grey brick walls which encircles it. The walls have an elevation varying from 40 to 90 feet, are from 20 to 40 feet in thickness, and 22 mile in circumference. They enclose a vast area, a large part of which still remains undeve- loped and includes some pretty hilly country. The busiest portion lies towards the south and west, and is several miles from the banks of the river. Whatever of architectural beauty or importance belonged to Nanking perished or was reduced to a ruinous condition at or before its occupation by the Taiping rebels. The world famous Porcelain Tower, the most beautiful pagoda in China, was completely destroyed during this period of its history, and now nothing remains of the structure that was once the glory of Nanking. It stood outside the walls on the south side of the city. The celebrated mausoleum of the Emperor Hung Wu, founder of the Ming

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