A348
NANKING
TRADE IN 1935.
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The trade of the port of Nanking during the year under review was favoured by the generally peaceful conditions in the surrounding districts. coupled with the numerous constructional activities centred around the capital itself. The statistics of value of trade coming under Customs cognizance are as follows: direct foreign imports, 12.9 million dollars as against 18.5 million. in 1934; direct exportations to foreign countries, 474,000 dollars as against 166,000 dollars in 1934; coastwise importations of Chinese produce, 6 million. dollars as against 3.8 million in 1934; and coastwise exportations of Chinese produce, 13.2 million dollars as against 13.3 million in 1934. Nanking luckily escaped being flooded in July last, but part of the area traversed by the Lung-Hai and Tientsin-Pukow Railways-i.e., part of the hinterland of Pukow,'. on which the trade of Nanking principally relies was inundated. The adverse effects which the inundation entailed on the trade of the port were, however, offset by the numerous large consignments of materials imported for con structional purposes. The return of direct foreign imports discloses conspi- cuous increases in the arrivals of machinery from 1.4 million to 3.42 million dollars and of tools from 102,000 to 427,000 dollars, mostly for tlie Capital Electricity Works, the Yunglee Chemical Industries, Limited, and the Tientsin- Pukow, Railway Administration, and in ordinary timber from 22,000 to 50,000 cubic metres, primarily intended for building operations in the city. With regard to railway materials generally, iron rails and rolling-stock showed decreases from 215,000 to. 101,000 quintals and from 144,000 to 103,000 dollars respectively, while sleepers and "railway materials, not otherwise recorded, registered increases fron 619,000 to 639,000 pieces and from 151,000 to 319,000 dollars respectively. Reduced importations are recorded of the following commodities: kerosene oil declined from 10,722,000 to 3,854,000 litres on account of its distribution to Northern Anhwei by junks. from Chinkiang instead of through the Tientsin-Pukow Railway from Pukow, the latter's freight rates being prohibitive; sugar, from 90,000 to 83,000 quintals, due to the growing replacement of foreign by native sugar; and coal, from 17,000. metric tons in 1933 to 6,000 metric tons in 1934 and to 3,000 metric tons in the year under review, owing to expansion of the trade in Chinese coal. Other important imports included scientific instruments and apparatus for the Land Survey Bureau, the Arsenal Administration, and the Kunghsien Arsenal; wheat for local flour mills; and automatic telephone materials for the Metro- politan Telephone Administration. The value of direct exportations, despite the continued suspension of work of the International. Export Company's freezing plant, formerly the mainstay of the direct export trade, gradually rose from 2,000 dollars in 1933 and 166,000 dollars in 1934 to 474,000 dollars in the year under review, chiefly due to the forwarding of 12 shipments of coal, aggregating over 39,000 metric tons, to Japan and Hongkong. In addition, the coastwise exportations of this commodity, mostly from the Chunghsing Mines in Shantung, which have gradually grown from only 23,000 metric tons in 1931 to 677,000 metric tons in 1934, reached a total of 802,000 metric tons. during the year under review, requiring the despatch of 45 coasting vessels direct to Ningpo, Amoy, Swatow, and Canton loaded solely with coal in addition to 189 vessels for Shanghai and 34 vessels for other river ports and inland places fully loaded with the same commodity. There were no other commodities of any magnitude shipped coastwise through this port, apparently on account of the diversion of trade to carriers not under Customs control. During the year the population in the Nanking municipal area increased by 236,090, making a total of 1,013,320 persons. With this influx of people to the capital, the main artery of the Nanking road system, the Chung Shan Road, has had to be, and is being, widened to meet the ever-increasing traffic. Besides, a great number of motor roads are being constructed in other direc- tions, and an extension of the City Railway to a terminus farther south is also contemplated. In order to cope with growing demands from the public, a number of public utilities, such as the Waterworks, Electricity Works, and the
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