Directory_and_Chronicle_1933 — Page 613

TSINAN:

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water per minute, and the streams from these natural fountains flow through the city to a lake situated on the northside. This abundance of water tends to make Tsinan one of the cleanest as well as one of the healthiest cities in the Republic., The population was computed by the chief of Police at the end of May, 1931 to be about 398,217, about one-twentieth of whom profess, the Mohammedan faith. In an address delivered on the occasion of the inauguration of the Foreign Settlement, the Governor of Shantung des- cribed Tsinan as occupying a pivotal position with respect to northern and southern China and as being on the main route from Kaifeng Fu to the Yellow Sea. Quite a considerable number of foreigners and foreign institu- tutions have already established themselves in the Settlement, and during the last few years several large and imposing buildings have been erected. The chief of these are the British Consulate-General, the Japanese Consulate- General, Japanese hospital and the Chinese Post Office. Residential build- ings are also rapidly being constructed. There is quite a boom in the build- ing of small houses which are occupied by Chinese and numbers of Japanese. (about 2,000 in 1930). In addition to these, large buildings have been erected in the south suburb of the city for the Shantung Christian University, recent- ly incorporated by charter from the Canadian Government. The Tientsin- Pukow Railway Co. has acquired a large piece of ground in the Settlement, and has built offices and dwelling-houses for members of the staff thereon.

With the introduction of the use of machinery Tsinan is becoming more important as an industrial city. There are now about 40 industrial establish- ments which can claim to be, more or less, modern factories: 7 flour mills turning out 22,200 bags per day, 2 match factories, 1 cotton mill, several hair net factories, sugar, paper, iron and brass goods, soap, dye, leather) needles, cement, wine, cloth, etc., factories.

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Tsinan is connected by rail with Tsingtao (Kiaochau), distant 280 miles, Tientsin 200 miles, and with Pukow on the Yangtsze. It is also connected by canal and river with Yang Chiao Kou, on the Gulf of Chihli, distant 146 miles, whence there are occasional steamers to Chefoo. Tsinan stands five miles south of the Huang-ho or Yellow River, and in spite of some difficulties of navigation there is a considerable junk traffic between its river port of Lo-kou and the Grand Canal, which, enters the river 80 miles higher up. This trade is almost, if not quite, entirely with the south, to Chiningchou and beyond, since the canal from the Huangho northward to Lin-ching-chou has been unnavigable for several years. The high road from Tsinan to the north crosses the Huang-ho by ferry at Chi-ho Hsien, distant 16 miles. Since the opening of the bridge over the Yellow River at Lokow through communica- tion has been established on the Tsin Pu Railway from Tientsin to Pukow via Tsinan..

Tsinan came under the Nationalist régime on May 1st, 1928, when the Shantung-Chihli troops under Chang Tsung-ch'ang were driven out in the course of the Southern advance on Peking. There has been an arsenal since 1874, north of the town, near Lok'ou on the Yellow River. There is a military college. The wholly city is now lighted by electricity. Great activity has recently been evinced in building colleges and schools, and among the in- teresting institutions of the town the Isinan Institute, situated in, and connected with, the Shantung Christian University is a remarkable and very interesting establishment that should not be overlooked. The sacred moun- tain of China, Tai Shan (5,100 feet), is distant some 35 miles (60 by road) to the south. Küfu, the birthplace and the tomb of Confucius, and the residence of the Confucian duke, are about 100 miles away in the same dir-

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