Directory_and_Chronicle_1928 — Page 1276

MANILA

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education are maintained here by the Insular Government. The University of the Philippines-embracing the Colleges of Liberal Arts, Law, Medicine and Surgery, Engineering, Agriculture, Veterinary Medicine, Education, Schools of Forestry, Dentistry, Pharmacy, and Fine Arts, a Graduate School of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, and a Conservatoire of Music-is located in Manila. Other high insti- tutions of learning are the National University, the University of Manila, and the University of Santo Tomas, which is managed and maintained by the Dominican Fathers. In this there are Schools of Theology and Church Law, Jurisprudence, Notarial Law, Medicine, Pharmacy, Business and Engineering.

The city and its suburbs receive their drinking water by pipes leading from the reservoir at Montalban, about 15 miles north-east of Manila. The water is laid on to almost every house, both domestic and business. For the purpose of improving the water-supply and extending its benefits to the neighbouring towns, its administration and ownership has been transferred from the city of Manila to a Government Corporation, known as the Metropolitan Water District, since July 1st, 1919. In addition, there are 15 artesian wells which furnish water free to the public. The sewerage system is known as the separate system-one for storm drains and the other for sanitary sewers. The leading hospitals are the Philippine General Hospital, San Juan de Dios Hospital. St. Paul's Hospital, San Lazaro Hospital, Mary Chiles Hospital, and St. Luke's Hospital. There are 14 playgrounds provided with apparatus and placed under the charge of a playground director and staff of assistants. For fire prevention, the city has eight fire-stations.

Manila is also the principal industrial centre of the archipelago. In the city are found coconut-oil mills, cigar and cigarette factories, rope manufacturing firms, hemp braid hat factories, breweries and distilleries, furniture factories, lumber mills, marine railway and repair shops, foundries and machine shops, vulcanizing plants, shoe and soap making establishments, and ice plants.

The telephone system extends throughout the city and its suburbs. Electric light has been placed in public parks, streets, hotels, theatres, and other buildings. The city is provided with theatres, baseball grounds, tennis courts, and golf and race courses. The principal clubs are the Army and Navy Club, Casino Español, Elks Club, Columbia Club, Golf Club, Manila Club, Tirs al Blamo, Philippine Columbian Association, Club Filipino, Oriental Club and University Club.

Among the interesting places in the city are the Aquarium for fishes and other sea animals found in Philippine waters; the Bureau of Science, the headquarters of the scientific work of the Government; the Observatory of the Philippine Weather Bureau, especially noted for its work in connection with typhoons and earthquakes; the Bilibid Prison, with a highly developed industrial department; the Mint of the Philippine Islands; the Philippine Library and Museum; the Museum of Santo Tomas University; and the Luneta, where concerts are given several evenings a week by the famous Philippine Constabulary Band.

BAGUIO

The city of Baguio is the summer capital of the Philippine Islands. The name means typhoon. It is situated 160 miles north of Manila, among the Benguet moun- tains. Its elevation is 1,450 metres, or about 5,000 feet. At many points it is over 5,500 feet. The city has an area of 49 square kilometres and a perimetre of 30.6 kilometres. Its population (according to a census taken in 1918) numbered 5,462, con- sisting of Igorots, Christian Filipinos, Americans, Japanese, Chinese and Europeans. The mean monthly minimum temperature is 149 deg. C. (58°8 deg. F.), and the mean monthly maximum 23′0 deg. C. (73′4 deg. F.). The annual average of the humidity is 864. The forests are pure pine.

Baguio was discovered by a Spaniard, Alfonse Martin Quirante in 1623, and six years later Guillermo Galvey, a Spaniard, led an expedition to Baguio. Dean C. Worcester, visiting the Philippines in 1892, in the interest of science, met by chance a Spaniard, Señor Sanchez, and Baguio may be said to owe its origin to this chance meeting. The First Civil Government in the township of Baguio was established in