Directory_and_Chronicle_1927 — Page 1328

NETHERLANDS-INDIA

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of 700 metres is available for lighters, which carry out the loading and discharging of vessels anchoring in the well-protected road. The wharves are provided with cranes and sheds.

Tegal. The harbour with its single basin has a total water area of 69,000- square metres, including the harbour canal. A length of quay of 800 metres is available for discharging lighters. The wharves are provided with cranes and sheds. The export of sugar from here is very important.

The-

Semarang. When the old harbour works of the year 1878 proved to be insufficient, a new harbour scheme was approved. The spacious lighter harbour with two basins for Customs purposes, and a small harbour for fishing vessels, are practically finished and in full working order, as well as the newly-built sheds on the wharves. total water area is 18 hectares. The length of quay wall available for lighters is 4,000 metres. At the end of 1924 a total of 24 loading cranes were in service, 20 of which are electrically driven. The harbour area is linked up with the existing railway system. Plans for building a harbour for deep-sea going vessels are in consideration.

In

Sourabaya.-Plans were drawn up several years ago for providing Soerabaja with wharves capable of accommodating ocean-going vessels, so that these could obtain direct communication with the shore. This work, consisting of a widening of the Kali Mas, was carried out expeditiously at a cost altogether of Fls. 1,350,000. In the meantime, new harbour works were planned and adopted to

to cost about Fls. 30,000,000. A pier has been built since in the sea from the mouth of the Kali Mas in a westerly direction, roughly parallel with the coast line. Its front coincides approximately with the natural channel and has a depth of 9 metres at lowest water. The pier has a length on the sea side of 1,200 metres and a breadth of 200 metres, and is capable of berthing ships with a draught of up to 9 metres. A harbour basin has been formed approximately 900 metres square, or 81 hectares in area. 1916 a new extension was commenced on the western side of the harbour consisting of 430 metres of quay. In 1918 it was decided to lengthen this quay southwards by 490 metres. This work, finished in 1924, is used as a coal wharf for ships with a draught of 10 metres. Behind the front pier the harbour basin is accessible- for ships of 9 metres draught for a space of 250 metres; the remaining portion is provisionally intended for the use of lighters, which can moor alongside a quay on the south side of the basin. In the deep part of the harbour a sufficient area of water is de- voted to the accommodation and working of three drydocks of 1,400, 3,500 and 14,000 tons capacity, respectively, with a view to which the depth here is to be increased. There is available 2,560 metres of wharf for ships of 9 metres draught and 370 metres of quay along the lengthened bank of the Kali Mas projecting into the sea for small ocean- going steamers and vessels of lesser draught, while on the south side of the basin, which is about 1,050 metres long, there is 300 metres of quay-wall for the use of lighters. The harbour equipment includes two floating steam-cranes with a lifting capacity of 25 and 50 tons, respectively, and on the quay there are electric cranes of from one to ten tons each. A new pier-the Holland pier-inside the harbour basin parallel with the coal wharf, was completed in 1924. The pier is 750 metres long with a front of 140 metres and a base of 160 metres. It is capable of berthing ships with a draught of up to 10 metres.

Tjilatjap.-Tjilatjap, the only harbour of importance on the south coast of Java, is situated on a tongue of land, bounded on the east by the Indian Ocean and on the west by the river Donan, in the estuary of which there is sufficient depth of water (8 metres at low tide) for large steamers. Owing to the protection provided by the island of Noesa Kembangan, lying off the coast here, this estuary offers a safe anchorage, where the breakers of the Indian Ocean are not felt. There is 520 metres of pier, and ships drawing 8 metres are able to berth alongside the northern part of the- pier even at low tide.

Island of Sumatra

Padang. Since the opening of the Government Railway line to the Padang up-country in about the year 1891, Emmahaven has become the chief port of Padang. This harbour is situated in the northern portion of Koninginne Bay, which is formed by the tongues of land projecting into the sea in a south-westerly direction. At right-angles to a coral bank, which is exposed at ebbtide and on which a small wharf has been constructed, is a breakwater, 260 metres long, lying approximately parallel with the shore, while the harbour on the other side is enclosed by a breakwater, 900 metres long. These two breakwaters and the shore form a basin, within which are the harbour works proper.