Directory_and_Chronicle_1927 — Page 1326

NETHERLANDS-INDIA

1243.

The Netherlands Navy in these Colonies numbers 285 officers and 1,448 European and 1,789 native non-commissioned officers and sailors, and 126 militia-men, and consists of 33 men-of-war. There is, besides, the Colonial Navy, consisting of 20 smaller ships with 173 Europeans and 830 natives, employed for civil service duties.

EDUCATION

The educational system distinguishes two kinds of instruction: (I.) Instruction carried out in the Dutch language; (II.) Instruction given in a vernacular. To the first category belong 633 (231 private) elementary schools, amongst which are 290 specially for natives and 71 for Chinese. Furthermore, there are 40 (14 private) intermediate schools; 8 public secondary schools, which find their continuation in the Universities and High Schools in Holland and in the institution for higher education in the Dutch East Indies -the Technical High School at Bandoeng and the High Law School at Batavia, and a Medical High School that will be opened at Batavia in 1927; and 7 private secondary schools for girls. In addition, the following professional schools fall within the same category: 2 schools of medicine, 1 training school for native jurists, 1 training school for civil-service officers, 8 schools for native officials, 3 agricultural schools, 1 school of veterinary medicine, 4 (1 private) commercial schools, 5 (1 private) technical schools for architecture, mechanical electro-technical and mining engineering, 1 trade school, 5 pub- lic training schools and some courses for higher qualifications, supplying teachers for the elementary schools and a number of the intermediate schools. Furthermore, there are 1 public and 2 private training schools for kindergarten teachers (Fröbel) and one for Chinese teachers, 1 school for post and telegraph officials, 1 course for chemist-assis tants and analysts, while a course for marine officers is held on board one of the Government steamers. In category II. there are almost 15,801 (2,856 private) elemen- tary schools with 1,180,198 pupils, besides a number of trade schools and agricultural schools and a marine-school for the Navy and Government marine at Macassar. Fur- thermore, there are 15 public and 4 private training schools for native teachers, at which instruction is given in the Dutch language, and 20 public and 15 private normal school for training teachers for the vernacular schools. The other schools are Mohammedan schools (21,375 with 561,579 pupils) and a number of schools for Chinese and for Ara- bians (with 35,715 pupils).

TRADE

Tandjoeng Pinang, Bengkalis and Sabang are free ports. The other ports are open for either general trade or only for native coasting navigation. Godowns where goods can be stored and sold, and from whence they can be exported without payment of import or export duties, are established at Batavia, Cheribon, Semarang, Sourabaya, Padang, Siboga, Baros, Singkel, Manado, Gorontalo, Ternate, Amboina Neira (Banda), Macassar and Koepang.

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The value of private imports in 1925 was in Java and Madoera... 532,374,000 guilders

In the other islands...... 291,771,000 The value of private exports in 1925 was from Java and Madoera... 845,428,000 From the other islands 936,626,000

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Import duties are imposed in the whole of Netherlands-India, except the Island We (Government Atjeh and Dependencies), the coast of the district of Siak (Govern- ment Sumatra's East Coast) and the islands off this coast, and the isles belonging to the Residency Riau and Dependencies. The import duty is fixed ad valorem or according to the weight or the quantity dimensions, most of the goods being separately mentioned in the tariff. Most of the metals and raw materials, as lime and wood, and articles of art and science are free of import duty. Export duty is only paid on a few articles according to value or quantity. Transit cargo is free.

An excise is charged on inland arrack (only in Java and Madoera), kerosene oil, gasoline and benzine, on matches of all kinds and on Java and foreign tobacco imported in Borneo.

PUBLIC WORKS

On the 1st January, 1925, there were in Java 2,857 kilometres of State lines. (2,251 kilometres railways gauge 1.067 m., 486 kilometres tramways gauge 1.067 m. and 120 kilometres tramways gauge 0.60 m.; and 2,537 kilometres of private lines (205- kilometres railways and 2,332 kilometres tramways); in Sumatra 1,241 kilometres of State lines (245 kilometres railways gauge 1.067 m., 485 kilometres tramways gauge