Directory_and_Chronicle_1926 — Page 1414

TAILORS

A. Herment

Mij. Onderlinge Hulp

G. Kerner & Co.

M. de Koning

Oger, frères

Aug. Savelkoul J. F. Scheltens

TANNERY

A. C. Buisson

TIMBER MERCHANTS

The Borneo Co., Ld.

BATAVIA-SOURABAYA

1339.

Ned. Ind. Houtaankap Mij. (hoofdkant

Sem.)

N. V. Ind. Teak en Hardhouthandel

TOBACCONISTS

Sigarenmagazijn Louis Dobbelman

Ned. Ind. Sigarenmagazijn E. Dunlop-

& Co.

Winkel Mij. Onderlinge Hulp

Ant. Justman Tabak Mij. Sigaren Magazijn Midden-Java De Tabaksplant

Javasche Bosch Exploitatie Mij. (hoofd- TOURIST OFFICES

kantoor Semarang)

Koloniale Handel Mij.

H.. Mij. P. Landberg & Zn

Tourist Enquiry Office Tourist Office Lindeman

Vereeniging Toeristenverkeer

SOURABAYA

Sourabaya is the capital of the Residency of Sourabaya, in the island of Java, and is advantageously situated for commercial purposes on the Sourabaya Strait, directly opposite the island of Madura. The largest city on the island, it is the centre of Java's commercial activities. It is also the naval headquarters of the Dutch East Indies. Among its principal buildings are a fine Government house a naval arsenal, and several shipbuilding yards.

Sourabaya's position is naturally protected and it lies on the low alluvial delta of the Kali Mas river which empties into the Madura strait. This strait is the narrow division between the island of Java and that of Madura. Sourabaya, therefore, is the outlet in a trade way for exceptionally rich districts. It has been pointed out else- where that Java is naturally divided into three producing districts, each of which, while yielding much the same products, yields a different grade. This is due to climate as well as to soil. Much of the soil of Java is of volcanic origin and therefore exceedingly rich in deposits of a nutritive value. The eastern portion of the island, of which Sourabaya is the seaport proper, contains about 2,000 square miles of agricultural land, most of which has been under cultivation for many years. About 71 per cent. of the population is agricultural. Among the foreigners the Chinese play an important part. Next in importance come the Arabs, who are shopkeepers, coast navigators and money-lenders. Of Europeans there are some 20,000.

The climate is typically tropical there being only three quarter of an hour's difference between the longest and the shortest day. The climate, however, shows one marked difference from that of other tropical regions for the influence of the sea and mountain-breezes moderates the heat during the day and prevents too fast cooling- off at night. The pressure is constant with a mean temperature of 80 F. maximum -95° F. and a rainfall of 130 inches. The wet season covers the period from November

to January, the dry one from May to August.

Sourabaya is extremely fortunate in point of shipping, thanks largely to its geo- graphical position. Besides a modern, well equipped harbour, Sourabaya is provided with an excellent and safe roadstead. The entrance to the roads is 1,500 feet in width at the west, and the depth of water at low-tide is 32 feet. At the East entrance, which widens to the open sea, the depth is about 16 feet and in the roads about 42 feet. Since 1910 very important works, such as a broad breakwater, warehouses, etc., have been constructed. The break water, with later constructed piers, encloses a basin of about 197 acres in area, leaving a channel of about 1,150 feet, which forms the entrance from the roads. The outer quay, from the north pier, called the Rotterdam