CHINKIANG-NANKING
871
和豐
Fung-ho
GEARING & Co., Merchants and Commis-
sion Agents-2, Paoshun Buildings
Mrs. E. Starkey
Agency
Yangtsze Insurance Association, Ld.
E-wo
和怡 E-200
JARDINE, MATHESON & CO., LTD., Merchants
-Tel. Ad: Inchcoy
G. Purton, agent
Agencies
Indo-China S. N. Co., Ld.
Canton Insurance Office, Ld.
Hongkong Fire Insurance Co., Ld.
MASONIC DORIC LODGE, NO. 1433, E.C.
Secretary-U. J. Kelly
POST OFFICE
Postmaster-Chang Yung Ch'an
SHANGHAI NANKING RAILWAY
J. W. C. Chun, B.S C., A.M.I.C.E., district
engineer
R. Frame, permanent way inspector
李美 Mei-foo
STANDARD OIL CO. OF NEW YORK-Teleph.
115 (Office) and 116 (Installation); Tel.
Ad: Socony
B. M. Smith, manager
L. C. Jones
H. B. Barton
D. O. Tilburn, installation supt.
局報電國中
Chung-kwoh-dien-pao-chuk
TELEGRAPHS, CHINESE
S. S. Chang, manager
K. Chen, clerk-in-charge
S. Tam, assistant
司公古士德江鎭
TEXAS COMPANY
NANKING
Kiáng-ning
The city owes its present name, "Southern capital," to having been many times the capital of the Empire, the last occasion being in the Ming dynasty at the commencement of the 15th century. Nanking is also known as Kiang Ning Fu, being the chief city of the prefecture of Kiang Ning, and the seat of government for the provinces grouped under the designation of Kiang Nan. In official documents it is not considered proper to call the city Nanking, since the Government at Peking acknowledges but one capital. Besides Kiang Ning Fu, an elegant Chinese name commonly used is Kin Ling or "golden mound." From the 5th or 6th century B.C. to the present there has been a walled city at this place. Nanking was specified in the French Treaty of 1858 as one of the Yangtze ports to be opened to trade, but was not formally opened until May, 1899. In July, 1915, Pukow, the southern terminus of the Tientsin-Pukow Railway (lying across the river from Nanking), was opened to foreign trade as a branch office of the Nanking Customs.
Nanking is situated on the south bank of the Yangtsze, 45 miles beyond Chinkiang and 193 by rail or 215 by water from Shanghai. From the river little can be seen of it except the long line of lofty grey brick walls which encircle it. The walls have an elevation varying from 40 to 90 feet, are from 20 to 40 feet in thickness, and 22 miles in circumference. They enclose a vast area, a large portion of which is wilderness or uncultivated land. The busiest portion lies towards the south and west, and is several miles from the banks of the river. Whatever of architectural beauty or importance belonged to Nanking perished or was reduced to a ruinous condition at or before its occupation by the Taiping rebels. The world-famous Porcelain Tower, the most beautiful pagoda in China, was completely destroyed during this period of its history, and now nothing remains of the structure that was once the glory of Nanking. It stood outside the walls on the south side of the city. The celebrated mausoleum of the
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