Directory_and_Chronicle_1925 — Page 741

NEWCHWANG-MANCHURIAN TRADE CENTRES-MUKDEN

美

STANDARD OIL CO. OF NEW YORK

H. V. Devereux

C. McCaslin | B. W. Bumphrey

盛來源商英

VAN ESS & Co., A., Importers and Exporters,

Steamship Owners-Telephs. 412 and 432

A. Van Ess

H. G. Manwaring

Agencies

Eagle, Star and British Dominions

Ins. Co., Ld.

673

Gen. Accident, Fire & Life Ass.Co., Ld. Travellers' Baggage Ins. Assocn., Ld. East Asiatic S.S. Co., Ld.

Java Sea and Fire Insce. Co., Ld. Toyo Kisen Kaisha

Le Foncièr de France et des Colonies

Swedish East Asiatic Co., Ld.

Pacific Mail Steamship Co.

Assurance Franco-Asiatique

行銀金正

YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK, Ltd.

M. Matsumura, manager H. Koyasu, sub- do.

MANCHURIAN TRADE CENTRES

In addition to Mukden, the Treaties made with China in 1903 by the United States- and Japan secured the opening of Antung and Tatungkow in Manchuria. By an additional agreement made between China and Japan in December, 1905, the following inland places in Manchuria were opened to trade on the dates specified :-September 10th, 1906, Tieh-ling, Tung-chiang-tzu and Fakumen; on October 8th, Hsin-min Fu; on December 17th, Manchuli, Harbin, Ch'ang-ch'un (K'uan-ch'êng-tzu) and Kirin; on December 19th, Tsitsihar (Pu-k'uei), the capital of the northern province of Hei-lung- chiang; and on June 28th, 1907, the remaining seven places-Fêng-huang-ch'êng (Ting) · Liao-yang, Ninguta, Hun-ch'un, Sansing, Hailar and Aigun-were declared open as a preliminary step prior to the adoption of special settlement regulations. Only at Har- bin and Antung are Foreign Consulates, other than Japanese, established.

MUKDEN

陽瀋 Shên-yang, formerly Feng-t'ien

天奉

(Mukden is the Manchu name)

1

Mukden, formerly the capital of Manchuria, is now the capital of the province of Fông-t'ien . It was the ancient seat of the late dynasty of China. Though

天奉 nominally opened to international residence and trade by the Commercial Treaties concluded by the United States and Japan with China in 1903, it was not really opened until 1906, for in the Russo-Japanese war the city became one of the strongholds of the Russian forces, from which, however, they were eventually driven by the advancing Japanese army after one of the most decisive battles of modern times. When peace was concluded and the troops were withdrawn the trade possi- bilities of the province began to receive increased attention. The principal trade of Mukden has been in grain, such as beans and millet; there is, also, a considerable