Directory_and_Chronicle_1925 — Page 1565

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MANILA

The telephone system extends throughout the city and its suburbs. Electric light has been placed in public parks, streets, hotels, theatres, and other buildings. The city is provided with theatres, baseball grounds, tennis courts, and golf and race courses. The principal clubs are the Army and Navy Club, Casino Español, Elks Club, Columbia Club, Golf Club, Manila Club, Tirs al Blamo, Philippine Columbian Association, Club Filipino, Oriental Club and University Club. Automobiles and auto-trucks number 13,000.

Among the interesting places in the city are the Aquarium for fishes and other sea animals found in Philippine waters; the Bureau of Science, the headquarters of the scientific work of the Government; the Observatory of the Philippine Weather Bureau, especially noted for its work in connection with typhoons and earthquakes; the Bilibid Prison, with a highly developed industrial department; the Mint of the Philippine Islands; the Philippine Library and Museum; the Museum of Santo Tomas University; and the Luneta, where concerts are given several evenings a week by the famous Philippine Constabulary Band.

BAGUIO

The city of Baguio is the summer capital of the Philippine Islands. The name (pronounced "Bagiw" in Ingorot) nieans typhoon. It is situated 160 miles north of Manila, among the Benguet mountains. Its elevation is 1,450 metres, or about 5,000 feet. At many points it is over 5,500 feet. The city has an area of 49 square kilometres and a perimetre of 30.6 kilometres. Its population (according to a census taken in 1918) numbers 5,462, consisting of Igorots, Christian Filipinos, Americans, Japanese, Chinese and Europeans. The mean monthly minimum temperature is 14′9 deg. C. (58.8 deg. F.), and the mean monthly maximum 23'0 deg. C. (73-4 deg. F.). The annual average of the humidity is 864. The forests are pure pine.

Baguio was discovered by a Spaniard, Alfonse Martin Quirante in 1623, and six years later Guillermo Galvey, a Spaniard, led an expedition to Baguio. Dean C. Worcester, visiting the Philippines in 1892, in the interest of science, met by chance a Spaniard, Señor Sanchez, and Baguio may be said to owe its origin to this chance meeting. The First Civil Government in the township of Baguio was established in 1900. A committee composed of General Luke E. Wright, Governor-General; Dean C.. Worcester, Secretary of the Interior; Horace L. Higgins, President of Manila Railroad Company; Major L. M. Maus, U.S.A., Medical Corps; and Dr. Frank S. Bourns, journeyed from San Fernando to Baguio to investigate the possibilities of establishing a moun- tain resort and health station. On the strength of the committee's recommendations, the Philippine Commission appropriated money for Baguio's initial development. The first Sanatorium (now the Post Office) was constructed in 1902. D. H. Burnhanı, a landscape architect, visited Baguio in 1904 and drew the Burnham Plan for the development of Baguio. The Baguio Country Club was organized in 1906, and in 1908, the Baguio Hospital and Mansion House were constructed, and Teachers' Camp was opened. In 1909 five large Stanley automobiles made a through trip on the Benguet Road (now Kennon Road) for the first time. In the same year the township of Baguio was incorporated under the name of City of Baguio with a charter.

The township has a City Council consisting of five members, including the mayor and vice-mayor, an Igorot Advisory Council of five members, and various Government departments. Heads of the various departments, the Vice-Mayor and a third City Councilman, members of the Igorot Advisory Council, are all appointed by the Gover- nor-General with the consent of the Philippine Senate. The two other members of the City Council are elected by popular vote. For obvious reasons, two or more positions are filled by only one person without extra compensation. The Mayor is also the City Engineer and District Engineer. The City Treasurer is also the City Assessor, Mining Recorder for the Sub-province of Benguet, and Registrar of Deeds for both the and the sub-province. The City Health Officer is also the Chief of the Baguio Hospital. The City Attorney is also the Provincial Fiscal of the Mountain Province. One Councilman is also the Superintendent of the Philippine Constabulary Academy. The Vice-Mayor is usually a ranking officer of the United States Army Post at Camp John Hay. The arrangement that the Mayor is also the City Engineer makes the City Government very similar to the City Manager system of government in vogue in many important cities of the United States.