Directory_and_Chronicle_1925 — Page 1492

NETHERLANDS-INDIA

EDUCATION

1397

The educational system distinguishes two kinds of instruction: (I.) Instruction carried out in the Dutch language; (II.) Instruction given in a vernacular. To the first category belong 549 (177 private) elementary schools, amongst which are 254 specially for natives and 52 for Chinese. Furthermore, there are 33 (10 private) intermediate schools; 7 public secondary schools, which find their continuation in the Universities and High Schools in Holland and in the institution for higher education in the Dutch East Indies -the Technical High School at Bandoeng and the High Law School at Batavia, that will be opened in 1924; and 7 private secondary schools for girls. In addition, the following professional schools fall within the same category: 2 schools of medicine, 1 training school for native jurists, 1 training school for civil-service officers, 9 schools for native officials, 3 agricultural schools, 1 school of veterinary medicine, 3 (1 private) commercial schools, 5 (I private) technical schools for architecture, mechanical and mining engineer- ing, 1 trade school, 5 public training schools and some courses for higher qualifica- tions, supplying teachers for the elementary schools and a number of the intermediate schools. Furthermore, there are 1 public and 2 private training schools for kindergar- ten teachers (Fröbel) and one for Chinese teachers, 1 school for post and telegraph officials, I course for chemist-assistants and analysts, and 1 military school, while a course for marine officers is held on board one of the Government steamers. In category II. there are almost 11,990 (1,021 private) elementary schools with about 1,031,900 pupils, besides a number of trade schools and agricultural schools and a marine-school for the Navy and Government marine at Macassar. Furthermore, there are 14 public and 3 private training schools for native teachers, at which instruction is given in the Dutch language, and a number of normal schools and courses for training teachers for the vernacular schools.

TRADE

Riau, Bengkalis and Sabang are free ports. The other ports. are open for either general trade or only for native coasting navigation. Godowns where goods can be stored and sold, and from whence they can be exported without payment of import or export duties, are established at Batavia, Tjerebon, Semarang, Sourabaya, Padang, Siboga, Baros, Singkel, Manado, Gorontalo, Ternate, Amboina Neira (Banda) and Macassar.

The value of imports in 1923 was in Java and Madoera... 435,316,941 guilders

In the other islands 181,484,438 "" The value of exports in 1923 was from Java and Madoera... 819,269,324 guilders

From the other islands... 548,513,120

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Import duties are imposed in Java and Madura, the Residencies Sumatra's West-coast, Tapiannoeli, Bengkoeloe, Lampong Districts, Palembang and Bangka and Dependencies, the Assistant-Residency Belitoeng, the Residency Djambi, the Division Indragiri of the Residency Riau and Dependencies, and also in the District Kateman, with Danei now formning part of the Division Karimoen, the Government Sumatra's East Coast, for as much as it forms part of the Customs' sphere, the Government Atjeh and Dependencies (Island Wě not included), the Residencies Western Division and Southern and Eastern Division of Borneo, the Government Celebes and Dependencies, and in the Residencies Manado, Amboina, Timor and Dependencies and Bali and Lombok, but not in the islands of the Riau Residency. The import duty is fixed ad valorem or according to the weight or the quantity dimensions, most of the goods being separately mentioned in the tariff. Most of the metals and raw materials, as lime and wood, and articles of art and science are free of import duty. Export duty is only paid on a few articles according to value or quantity. Transit cargo is free.

An excise is charged on inland arrack (only in Java and Madoera), kerosene oil, gasoline and benzine, on matches of all kinds and on Java and foreign tobacco imported in Borneo.

PUBLIC WORKS

On the 1st January, 1924, there were in Java 2,848 kilometres of State lines (2,253 kilometres railways, gauge 1.067 m.), 475 kilometres tramways (gauge 1.067 m.) and 120 kilometres tramways (gauge 0.60 m.); and 2,509 kilometres of private lines (205 kilometres railways and 2,304 kilometres tramways); in Sumatra 1,145 kilometres of State lines (265 kilometres railways gauge 1.067 m., 369 kilometres tramways gauge