Directory_and_Chronicle_1921 — Page 659

CHINA

593

The Manchuria Group of lines ignores the Chinchow-Aigun agreement held by Americans, which, however, is apparently regarded now as a dead letter.

Great diversity exists on Chinese Railways in the type of locomotives used, due to the fact that the funds for constructing the various railways were furnished by different foreign markets, and in many of the loan agreements it is stated by implication, at least, that, other things being equal, the country that makes the loan should enjoy preference in furnishing the material for construction.

Statement of revenue of principal railways in 1918 :—

Name of Line

Peking-Hankow

Peking-Mukden

Tientsin-Pukow

Shanghai-Nanking

Shanghai-Hangchow-Ningpo

.....

Peking-Suiyuan Chengting-Taiyuan

Taokow-Chinghua

Kaifeng-Honan

Kirin-Changchun

....

Chuchow-Pinghsiang

Canton-Kowloon

Revenues

Expenses

18,750,636.11

7,009,225.63

16,996,642.09

6,529,967.69

10,560,944.92

5,378,013.14

4,179,808.68

4,203,245.60

....

2,170,110.54

1,761,839.52

3,718,001.68

2,548,202.39

2,527,620.85

1,284,966.54

936,263.23

•

385,798.06

1,365,622.90

632,646.91

1,087,170. 6

754,273.67

61,086.75

502,916.69

924,673.43

967,341.81

►

(Not reported)

Canton-Samshai

Changchow-Amoy

....

Chinese Government Railway

51,122.23 63,873,703.67

82,126.5 30,040,564.50

The following list of railways, open and under construction, shows the progress which has been made in twenty years in improving communications in China:-

1. Chinese Eastern Railway (Tung Ching), 5-foot gauge. and thence east and west to the Russian frontier, 1,077 miles.

2. Tsitsihar Light Railway (Ang-ang-chi), metre gauge. with the Chinese Eastern Railway at Ang-ang-chi, 17 miles. Constructed by a British engineer.

Kuancliengtzu to Harbin Under Russian control. Connecting Tsitsihar Opened August, 1909.

3. South Manchurian Railway. Under Japanese control. Main line: Dairen (Dalny) to Kuanchengtzu (14 miles beyond Changchun), 439 miles; double line. Branches: (1) Choushuitzu to Port Arthur, 314 miles. (2) Tashihkiao to Yinkow (Newchwang), 17 miles, inclusive of the new section from Niuchiatun to Yingkow, which was opened in November, 1909. (3) Yentai to Taikang, 10 miles. (4) Suchiatun to Fushun, 344 miles, to the coal mines. (5) Mukden to Antung, 2 feet 6 inches gauge, 187 miles.

3a. Kirin-Chanchun, 80 miles. Chinese Government Railway managed by Japanese in connection with South Manchurian Railway. Supingkai-Chengchiatun work com- menced by Chinese with capital furnished by Japan.

4. Peking-Mukden line. The earliest railway system in China; formerly known as Imperial Railways of North China. British engineers, Chinese and British capital. Main line: Peking to Mukden (Ching-Feng), 523 miles. The last section, Hsinmintun to Mukden, was purchased from the Japanese in 1907. Branches: (1) Peking to Tung- chow, 14 miles. (2) Peking to Lukowkiao, 4 miles, connecting with the Peking-Hankow Railway. (3) Kowpangtze to Yingkow (Newchwang), 57 miles. (4) Tientsin to Hsiku, 3 miles. A branch from Tangho to Chinwangtao, 6 miles, belongs to and is controlled by the Chinese Engineering and Mining Company (British).

5. Peking-Suiyuan Railway 226 miles. Chinese capital and Chinese engineers. Opened to Kalgan in September, 1909. Kalgan to Tatung, 191 miles. Opened March 1915. Tatung to Fengchen, 37 miles, opened. Fengtai to Kalgan, 211 miles. Branch- Hsichimen to Mentoukow, 27 miles.

6. Peking-Hankow Railway (Ching-Han, also known as Pe-Han or Lu-Han), 755 miles. Built by Franco-Belgian capital. Reverted to Chinese control, January 1, 1909. French and Belgian engineers still employed. Branches: (1) Liangsiang to Tuli, 12 miles, to local coal mines. (2) Liuliho to Chowkweichwang, 10 miles, to local coal mines. (3) Kaopeitien to Siling, 26 miles, light metre gauge railway to the Imperial tombs. (4) Kaoyihsien to Lincheng, 10 miles, to local coal mines. (5) Poatingfu branch,

3 miles.

7. Tientsin-Pukow Railway (Ching-P'u), 626 miles. Anglo-German capital (northern section 400 miles, German; southern section, 226 miles, British). Completed in 1911.

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