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CHINA
slightly southwards to Süchowfu (where it crosses the Tientsin-Pukow line), and thence to a port yet to be determined. Haichow, on the north coast of Kiangsu, Tungchow (distant about 76 miles from Shanghai) and Haimen (about 20 miles farther east), on the northern shore of the Yangtsze estuary, are all spoken of as the probable terminus of this most important undertaking. The section from Hsuchowfu to Sianfu has been opened. Construction has been delayed owing to the war.
17. Tatungfu to Tungkwan. The Chinese Government in 1913 signed an agreement with the Compagnie Générale de Chemins de Fer et de Tramways en Chine, of Brussels, for a loan of £10,000,000, to build a railway from Tatungfu, southwards through the centre of Shansi, to Tungkwan, where it will meet the Lung-Ts'in-Yü- Hai line, the company having the option to extend south-westwards to Chengtu, the total length being about 960 miles. Proposals were also in the air for further extensions south-east to Chungking, and then south-west to join the Yunnan Railway at Yünnanfu.
18. Chingchow to Nanning. By an agreement, dated February, 1914, with the Banque Industrielle de Chine, a line will be built from Chinchow (Yamchow), on the coast west of Pakhoi, to Nanning, thence through the Yukiang Valley to Paiseting and Kütsingfu (a town north-east of Yunnanfu), where it will join the Yünnanfu- Chungking line.
19. Sinyang (Honan). Tengyang (Anhui) Railway. Chinese Government pro- posal. Miles 270. Surveys completed.
20. Siangyang Shasi Railway, 207 miles. Surveyed 1911.
21. Siangyang-Kuanghsui Railway, 130 miles. Surveyed 1911. 22. Yenchoufu-Kaifengfu Railway, via Tsaochoufu, 230 miles. 23. Wuhu-Nanking Railway, 55 miles.
24. Central Kiangsui Railway (Icheng-Shiherhuei-Kuachou-Yangchou-Taichoufu- Tsingkiangpu), 60 miles. Surveyed 1910. To be taken over by the Government.
25. Kwangsi Railway. From Canton to Wuchow, Nanning, Lungchow and connect at Langson with the Tongking Railway. Sections surveyed.
This is the first
26. Yushan-Changshan (Yuchang) Railway, Chinese capital. section of the projected Kiangsi Railway to connect with the Hunan system at Ping- hsiang) via Hsingan, Anjen, Nanchang, Linkiang, and Yuanchow.
27. Yunnanfu-Pose Railway. Partly surveyed.
28. Blagoveschensk-Harbin Railway, via Aigun and Mergen, with connection between Mergen and Tsitsihar.
29. Peking-Jehol-Chihfeng Railway, 270 miles. 30. Chinchow-Chihfeng Railway, 180 miles.
31. Kalgan-Dolonor Railway, 150 miles.
32. Dolonor-Chihfeng Railway, 200 miles.
33. Nanking to Pingsiang through Nanchang.
Preliminary survey made in 1914.
Total length, 643 miles. Estimated cost of construction and equipment, £7,608,925.
From Taonanfu to Jehol.
""
99
99
Changchun to Taonanfu.
Kirin to Kaiyuan via Hailung.
a point on the Taonanfu-Jehol Railway to a seaport.
HISTORICAL
The year 1900 will ever be memorable in the history of China for the "Boxer" rising, the last and a most determined attempt to break away from foreign influence and to revert to the exclusiveness of twenty centuries. Details of this great social and political upheaval may be found in preceding volumes of this Directory. The object of the rising, which was confined to the North, was the extermination of foreign native Christians and people known to be associated with foreigners. The Legation Quarter at Peking was besieged for two months by the Boxer rabble and the Imperial troops, the occupants being reduced to the verge of starvation. Troops were poured into China by all the European Powers, America and Japan, and it was not before 20,000 foreign troops had fought their way to the capital that the siege was raised. Over 250 Europeans were murdered during the rising, and it was estimated that over 16,000 natives perished, most of them being Christians or the kinsmen of Christians.
In November, 1908, occurred the death of the Emperor Kwang Hsu, followed a day later by the death of the Empress Dowager Tzu Hsi. This news was unexpected, and there was consequently much suspicion for a time regarding the cause of the dual demise. The public were soon satisfied, however, that the deaths were due to perfectly
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