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JOHORE
The capital is the town of Johore Bahru, or new Johore, as distinguished from Johore Lama, or old Johore, the former seat of the Sultans of Johore, which was situated a few miles up the wide estuary of the Johore river. The new town is a flourishing little place on the nearest point of the mainland to Singapore island, and lying about 14 miles to the north-east of Singapore city, in 1° 26′ N. It contains some 11,000 inhabitants, rostly Chinese. Amongst the Government buildings are the Istana, court and police stations, barracks, gaol, hospital, market, railway station and a mosque. A plentiful supply of water has been provided since March, 1890. Good roads are being made, and public works, such as the construction of waterworks and bridges and the establishment of an electric light and power station at Johore Babru, are receiving a good deal of attention. The Public Works Department spent $3,291,017 in 1918.
The population of the State at the census in 1911 was ascertained to be 180,412, of whom 161 were British, 71,315 Malaya, 63,405 Chinese, 30,904 Javanese, and 5,659 Indians. The Chinese are chiefly found as cultivators of gambier and pepper, and are spread over the range of country in the extreme southern end of the peninsula, nearest to Singapore, but there is also a large Chinese population on the Jemaluang tiu-field near Mersing.
Imports Exports...
1917
.$17,400,491
49,340,300
$66,740,791
1918
$19,473,685
43,560,700
$63,034,385
European pioneers have. in the last few years; taken up large areas for planting, chiefly rubber and coconuts. Gainbier and pepper cultivation is on the decline the export of tapioca was 118,076 pikuls as compared with 94,063 pikuls in 1918, and. the value was $1,5 0,000 against $990,400 in 1917. The export of rubber in 1918 amounted to 22,816 tons, valued at $30,281,000, against 19,061 tons in 1917, valued at $37,881,000. A remarkable feature of the rubber industry in this State is the large amount of land taken up by Japanese.
At the present time the principal exports of Johore are the carefully cultivated rubber, copra, gambier, pepper and sago, and the natural products of tin, timber, rattans and damar. For almost all such produce Singapore is the port of shipment.
Johore is stated to be rich in iron-ore; but while it is found almost everywhere; it is worked nowhere. The year 1915 will be memorable as that of the opening up of what is probably an entirely new tin field on the East Coast. The first valuable discoveries were made in the valley of Jemaluang, a small river flowing into the China Sea near Mersing, and there are indications of the presence of tin-ore that may be worked at a profit at various places between Jemaluang and the Sedili. The export of tin-ore in 1918 amounted to 2,346 tons compared with 3,271 tons in 1917. The value of exported minerals was $4,211,800 in 1918.
DIRECTORY
Sultan-His Highness IBRAHIM, G.C.M.G., K.B.E., Sovereign of the Most Esteemed Darjah Krabat (Family Order) and the Most Honourable Darjah Mahakota Joliore (Order of the Crown of Johore) First Class Osmanieh Order. Born 17th Sept., 1873. Proclaimed 7th Sept., 1895, succeeded 2nd November, 1895 Private Secretary-Captain H. Md. Said, S.M.J.
COUNCIL OF STATE
The Dato Pemangku Mentri Besar, D.K., S.P.M.J., C.M.G., President
SECRETARIAT
The Mentri Besar-Dato Mohamed, C.M.G. General Adviser-J. F. Owen acting Deputy State Secretary- Dato Israil,
D.P.M.J.
AUDIT OFFICE
Auditor-Ungku Abdul Azis, D.K. Ch ef Clerk-Ariffin N. Elias
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