Directory_and_Chronicle_1919 — Page 650

592

NEWCHWANG-MANCHURIAN TRADE CENTRES-MUKDEN

成來源商英

VAN ESS & Co., A., Merchants-Telephs.

412 and 432

A. Van Ess

P. F. Hartwell, signs per pro.

C. W. Lorenzen,

Agencies

do.

The China Mutual Life Ins. Co.

Gen. Accident, Fire & Life Ass. Co.

East Asiatic S.S. Co., Ld.

The Brit. Dominions Gen. Ins. Co., Ld. The Toyo Kisen Kaisha

Le Foncier de France et des Colonies

Ellerman and Bucknall S.S. Co.

Travellers' Baggage Ass. Assn., Ltd. Pacific Mail Steamship Co.

YUAN, E., Importers and Exporters,

Commission Agents

P. C. Colman

YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK, LIMITED

S. Hongo, manager

S. Hibi, signs per pro.

W. Doi

I. Itoh

T. Kawahata U. Katoh

J. Yokoi

S. Toyomane T. Uchiyama

MANCHURIAN TRADE CENTRES

In addition to Mukden, the Treaties made with China in 1903 by the United States, and Japan secured the opening of Antung and Tatungkow in Manchuria. By an additional agreement made between China and Japan in December, 1905, the following inland places in Manchuria were opened to trade on the dates specified :-September 10, 1906, Tieh-ling, Tung-chiang-tzu and Fakumen; on October 8, Hsin-min Fu; on December 17, Manchuli, Harbin, Ch'ang-ch'un (K'uan-ch'êng-tzu) and Kirin; on December 19, Tsitsihar (Pu-k'uei), the capital of the northern province of Hei-lung- chiang; and on June 28, 1907, the remaining seven places-Fêng-huang-ch'êng (Ting) Liao-yang, Ninguta, Hun-ch'un, Sansing, Hailar and Aihun-were declared open as a preliminary step prior to the adoption of special settlement regulations. Only at Harbin and Antung are Foreign Consulates established.

MUKDEN

陽瀋 Shên-yang, formerly Féng-tien

(Mukden is the Manchu name.)

/

Mukden, formerly the capital of Manchuria, is now the capital of the province of Fêng-t'ien . It was the ancient seat of the late dynasty of China. Though

天奉. nominally opened to international residence and trade by the Commercial Treaties concluded by the United States and Japan with China in 1903, it was not really opened until 1906, for in the Russo-Japanese war the city became one of the strongholds of the Russian forces, from which, however, they were eventually driven by the advancing Japanese army after one of the most decisive battles of modern times. When peace was concluded and the troops were withdrawn the trade possi- bilities of the province began to receive increased attention. The principal trade of Mukden has been in grain, such as beans and millet; it has also been a curing centre for furs and has a considerable trade in bristles. Considerable indirect business has been done with the city in European textiles and hardware, sugar and kerosene oil.

Page 650Page 651