Directory_and_Chronicle_1919 — Page 562

Directories & Chronicles 香港指南 All

SEOUL

The old city of Han-yang, better known to foreigners as Seoul (which is merely the native term for capital), is situated almost in the centre of the province of Kyong-kyoi, on the north side of and about three miles from the river Han, about thirty- five miles from its mouth. It lies in 37 deg. 30 min. N. lat. and 127 deg. 4 min. E long. Han-yang means "the fortress on the Han." The city was formerly enclosed by crenelated walls of varying height, averaging about twenty feet, with arched stone bridges spanning the watercourses, but these walls have now all been removed except in the hills where there are no roads. The City is in the form of an irregular oblong, and stretches lengthwise in a valley that runs from north-east to south-west. The Corean houses are about eight or nine feet high, built of stone or mud, and mostly roofed with tiles. Internally they are clean, for the Coreans, like the Japanese, take off their shoes before entering their houses. A long main street, about 100 feet wide, running east and west, divides the city into two nearly equal portions. In the northern half are the walled enclosures con- taining the late King's Palace and the more important public buildings. A street about 50 feet wide intersects the main street at right angles, dividing the northern half of the city into eastern and western quarters. At the point of intersection stands a pavilion called Chong-kak (the "Bell Kiosk "), from a large bell, about seven feet high, which is placed there. This spot is regarded as the centre of the city; and from it another street, as wide as the main street, branches off to the south-west. The four wide streets which thus radiate from the "Bell Kiosk" are known as the four Chong-no or "Bell roads." Another conspicuous feature of this central part of the city is the row of large warehouses, two storeys high, the lower portions of which are divided off into little shops, opening into a small courtyard instead of facing the street. The width of the main streets was formerly much reduced by the construction in front of nearly every house of a rude wooden shanty used for a workshop or for business purposes, which gave the streets a poor and squalid appearance, but some of the principal streets have now been cleared of these unsightly obstructions, and the people are gradually being taught the benefits of good roads and clean surroundings. A spacious market place has been erected in one of the busiest parts of the city, and arrangements are being made for establishing two or three others at suitable centres.

An annual appro- priation of $50,000 has been made by the Finance Department for the maintenance and improvement of the roads. The shops are small and unattractive, and contain no articles de luxe or curios. The population of the city is about 253,000. About 67,000 Japanese reside in Seoul and about 2,200 other foreigners, most of whom are Chinese. An electric railway, running for three miles along the main streets of Seoul and thence three or four miles into the country, was opened in 1899, and one extends to Riong-san and Mokpo. A railway connects Chemulpo with Seoul, and another line connects the city of Fusan.

Directory_and_Chronicle_1919 — Page 562

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