Directory_and_Chronicle_1916 — Page 1494

1388

NETHERLANDS-INDIA

whole Archipelago, and 4 wheelboats for the inland trade. These steamers have splendid accommodation for saloon passengers.

PUBLIC WORKS

On the 1st Jan., 1915, there were 2,444 kilometres of railway in Java and 337 kilo- metres in Sumatra; 2,109 kilometres of tramway in Java and Madoera, and 635 kilometres in Sumatra. The gross earnings during the year 1913 were: (in millions of guilders) Government railways 34.5, Government tramways 1.0, Private railways 7.4, Private tramways 118. The Government telegraphs extend over 11,275 kilometres, the Govern- ment telegraph cables over 9,636, together 20,011 kilometres. Government telephone systems were in operation on the 1st January, 1914, in the districts of Batavia, Semarang, Soerabaja, Sockaboemi, Tjiandjoer, Bandoeng, Garoet, Tasikmalaja, Djokja- karta, Soerakarta, Madioen, Djombang, Modjokerto, Pasoeroean, Probolinggo, Djambi Palembang, Benkcelen, Pontianak, Perwakarta, Krawang, Bandjermasin, Tjilatjap, Serang, Rangkasbetoeng, Pandeglang,.Tangerang, Menado, Gorontalo, Singaradja, Den Pasar, Ampenan, Kraksan, Soemenep, Sitoebondo, Telok betong, Malang. Leemadjang, Bangil, Bandjar, Kertosono, Pamekasan, Amboina, Singaradja, Kediri, Blitar, Kendal, Magelang, Rembang, Bondoworo, Lidoardjo, Blora and Djember. The balance of revenue and expenditure of the Post and Telegraph services showed a css of f.1,768,465.08; of the Government telephones it showed a profit of f.276,995. The number of Post and Telegraph stations was 542 for Java and Madcera and 327 for the other islands. The number of Government telephone exchanges was 149, and that of the subscribers 11,621, with 14,625 telephones.

PRINCIPAL HARBOURS Island of Java

Batavia (Tandjong Priok)--The old harbour of Batavia, which is situated at the mouth of the Tji Liwoeng, can only be used by prahus and small coasting vessels. In the years 1877-1883 new Harbour works were constructed at Tandjong Priok, some miles east of the old harbour. The new work consists of an outer harbour comprising a water area of about 140 hectares, formed by two moles of dumped stone built out into the sea and having a length of 1,700 metres. A channel with a depth of 93 metres at low water runs through the outer harbour in the direction of the inner harbour. The inner harbour is 1,100 metres long and 185 metres broad. Along the western side of the harbour basin, there is a quay 1,000 metres in length, upon which have been built 7 large storage godowns. On the eastern side are screw pile jetties equipped with locomotive steam cranes. These serve for loading salt, tin and coal. On the available land adjoining these jetties, stand salt and tin warehouses as well as 12 coal sheds. To the west of the inner harbour is the railway terminus; here is another small harbour basin, which originally served as a coaling harbour. A short time after the completion of the harbour a large part of this basin and the land adjoining it was apportioned to the Tandjong Priok Drydock Company, which opened repairing yards and a 4,000 tons. floating drydock there. A canal provides a connection so far as lighter traffic is concerned between the harbour and town of Batavia. Altogether a sum of about Fls. 21,000,000 has been devoted to the constructions of the Tandjong Priok harbour, apart from the cost of the railway connections with Batavia. Since the original completion of the work various additional improvements have been effected. The salt and tin jetty has been extended, a railway constructed behind the coaling depots, and a commencement made with the work of raising the low-lying marshy land surrounding the harbour. The existing goods wharf being found inadequate, the harbour is being enlarged, as this was regarded as the only practical way of coping with this difficulty. The various improvements and extensions effected, which will cost fully Fls. 6,000,000 will give accommodation to vessels with a draught of 12 metres. Additional warehouses are also to be built, cranes erected and other subsidiary work executed, including the removal and extension of the railway terminus.

Semarang.When the old harbour works of the year 1878 proved to be insufficient a new harbour scheme was approved and is now in course of construction. This scheme comprises a spacious lighter with two basins for Customs purposes, and a small harbour for fishing vessels, the new harbour works being accessible from the harbour canal, which forms the connection with the sea. The projected harbour has a total water area of 83 hectares and provides sufficient depth of water for heavily-laden lighters. The harbour area is amply provided with approach ways and open spaces, and linked up with the existing railway system. On the construction of the harbour works proper and the various godowns a sum of more than Fls. 2,500,000 is to be spent.