Directory_and_Chronicle_1908 — Page 1022

SWATOW HOTEL

F. H. Hyde, proprietor

SWATOW-CANTON

SWATOW GRASS CLOTH, SILK AND DRAWN

WORK DEPOT : Tel. Ad. Lim

E. V. S. Lim

Chua Si Peng

TELEGRAPHS-IMPERIAL CHINESE

Woo Chueng Chung, manager Y. K. Yü, clerk-in-charge

Ashmore, Mrs. W., Jr.

Asverus, Mrs.

Balmer, Miss

Beath, Dr. Black, Miss

Blaikie, Dr. Mrs. G.

Butcher, Mrs.

Campkin, Mrs. Cousland, Mrs. Cruz, Mrs. F. da

Cruz, The Misses da Currie, Mrs. Dalziel, Mrs. Focke, Mrs. J.

LADIES' DIRECTORY

Focke, Mrs. F. W. Forbes, Mrs. J. McG. Gibson, Mrs. Groesbeck, Mrs. Haesloop, Mrs. L. Haesloop, Miss Harkness, Miss Harris, Mrs. A. H. Hausser, Mrs. P. F. Huck. Mrs.

Layng, Mrs. (absent) Lyall, Mrs.

MacGowan, Mrs.

McIver, Mrs. (absent) Mackenzie, Mrs. M. Maclagan, Mrs. (absent) Mutton, Mrs.

Pearne, Mrs.

Ricketts, Miss (absent)

Riddel, Mrs.

Ruthin, Baroness von Sales, Miss de

Spiecher, Mrs. (absent) Steele, Mrs. Steele, Miss Thompson, Mrs.

903

CANTON

* Kháng-chau 州廣

Canton is situated on the Chu-kiang or Pearl River, in latitude 23 deg. 7 min. 10 sec. N., and longitude 113 deg. 14 min. 30 sec. E., and is the capital of the province of Kwangtung. It is sometimes called the City of Rams and the City of Genii, both of which names are derived from ancient legends. Canton is a foreign perversion of Kwangtung, its real name. One of the first cities in the Chinese Empire, it is also the seat of government for the province, and is the residence of the Viceroy of "The Two Kwang" (Kwangtung and Kwangsi). The Tartar General is likewise resident here. besides a number of other government officials of more or less distinction, including the Haikwan, or Superintendent of Customs, a post always held by a Manchu.

Owing to its favoured situation, Canton became at an early date the Chinese port to which the traffic of European countries was first attracted. The Portuguese found their way thither in 1516, and Árab navigators had been making regular voyages between Can- ton and the ports of Western Asia as early as the tenth century. The Dutch appeared on the scene about a hundred years later than the Portuguese, and these in their turn were supplanted by the English. The latter, towards the close of the seventeenth century, founded the very profitable trade which was conducted for nearly one hundred and fifty years by the Agents of the East India Company, who established a Factory there in 1684, which was afterwards celebrated throughout the world. From 1684 the export of tea to England increased rapidly. The Company's monopoly terminated in 1834. In 1839 Great Britain was led to a declaration of war with China in consequence of the oppression to which foreigners were subjected by the native authorities, and

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