Directory_and_Chronicle_1907 — Page 785

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NEWCHWANG-MUKDEN

LADIES' DIRECTORY

Bandinel, Mrs, & Miss

Bush, Mrs.

Burton, Mrs.

Caros, Mrs.

Carlos, Miss Sylvia

Carson, Mrs.

Clarke, Mrs.

Fawcett, Mrs.

Ford, Mrs.

Fulford, Mrs.

Lawrence, Mrs. H. S.

Lawrence, Mrs. D. F. P.

Lorenzen, Mrs.

Lorenzen, Miss

Colley, Mrs.

McCaslin, Mrs.

Daly, Mrs.

Ross Thomson, Mrs.

Dunn, Mrs.

Sammons, Mrs.

Edgar, Mrs.

Sargent, Miss

Farmer, Mrs.

Segawa, Mrs.

Sloss, Mrs. Smith, Mrs. Sprent, Mrs. Thunder, Mrs. Tisdale, Mrs. Van Ess, Mrs. Webster, Mrs. Williams, Mrs. Wilson, Mrs. Yokura, Mrs.

MUKDEN

鼎穆

Mo-din

Mukden, the capital of the province of Manchuria and the ancient seat of the present reigning dynasty of China, was nominally opened to international residence and trade by the Commercial Treaty concluded by the United States with China in 1903, but it was not really opened until 1906, for in the Russo-Japanese war the city became one of the strongholds of the Russian forces from which, however, they were eventually driven by the advancing Japanese army. When peace was concluded and the troops were withdrawn the trade possibilities of the province began to receive increased attention. The principal trade of Mukden has been in grain such as beans and millet, and it has also been a curing centre for furs. Considerable indirect business has been done with the city in European textiles and hardware, sugar and kerosene oil. When foreign merchants begin to establish themselves in the Manchurian capital a steady development in this trade may be expected. Though consulates have been established, no arrangements had been made to the end of 1906 for the establish- ment of a Customs-house.

Mukden is situated in slightly undulating country a few miles north of the Hunho, a tributary of the river Liao, about 110 miles north-east of the port of New- chwang, and has a station on the Chinese Eastern Railway 13 miles to the west of the city. The city is trebly walled. The outer wall which is circular and built of mud, encloses the suburbs and is 13 miles in circumference; the inner town, which is a mile square, is protected by a stone wall thirty-five feet high and fifteen wide on the top; it is pierced by eight gates, two on each side with high towers above them; another wall encloses the ancient palace which stands in the centre of the inner city, like the palace at Peking. The streets of Mukden are broad and straight; and the city has the appearance of being a busy place. The population of the city is estimated at about a quarter of a million. Nurachu, the founder of the Manchu dynasty, established himself at Mukden in 1625, and his tomb, about seven miles east of the city, is an object of great

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