Directory_and_Chronicle_1904 — Page 797

DALNY.

Dalny the terminus of the Chinese Eastern Railway and also of the whole Siberian system, is a commercial port on the South coast of Talienwan Bay Lat 38° 55′ 44′′ N., Long. 121° 37' 7" E. It was acquired on lease from China by Russia in 1898. Formerly it was known as Talienwan.

The climate being temperate, and drainage and water works being arranged for dwellings etc. the health of the place is always good. The hottest temperature registered in summer is 30° C., and the cold winter season is short and invigorating. Being the terminus of the railway the port is designed to accommodate the largest ocean steamers alongside the granite wharves, which have a vertical face with 28 feet depth at low water and a length of 3,150 lineal feet. There are likewise other wharves of concrete blocks faced with granite to accommodate ships of various draughts up to 22 feet, these being in length 3,920 lin. feet. The narrowest of these wharves is 350 feet wide and the railway lines are brought right alongside the ship-berths. Behind these railway lines are situated roomy godowns of corrugated iron, which when finished will have a floor area of 100,000 square feet. The area of port territory is 132 acres on a horizontal plane by 18 feet above low water. The inner harbour is protected by a stone and concrete breakwater 5,950 feet long, the height of the breakwater above highest tides being 10 feef. The deep water area of the harbour, inside the breakwater, is 500 acres. The wharves are lighted electrically and the channels by gas buoys. The entrance being very open, viz. 1,050 feet wide, shipping can enter the port at any time of day or state of tide. On the island of San-shantau, at the entrance to Talienwan Bay, a third-rate lighthouse with fixed white light is in course of construction and is being equipped with Popoff's wire- less telegraphic apparatus. On this island a quarantine station is situated for infected vessels, with hospital accommodation for 20 Europeans and 100 Chinese, with a resident doctor and military guard. For discharging heavy loads, the port has three steam floating cranes capable of lifting 60 tons each. For the docking of vessels a granite dry dock is provided 380 feet long, 50 feet wide at entrance and 18 feet on the sill, with extensive repair shops attached. A dock of 600 feet long, 90 feet wide and 30 feet on the sill is in course of construction and will be completed this year. All power for work shops, dock-pumps, lighting, etc. is supplied by a central electric power house of 1,000 N.H.P.

The European town is situated along the waterfront of the port and runs inland up a slope towards the hills on an undulating stretch of rocky country. The area of the town for Europeans is designed to accommodate 30,000 inhabitants and is separated from the Chinese quarter by a large natural park. The roads in the European town are macadamised and are 50 kilometres in total length. The town is of the radial or spider web design, the centres being on high points on which sites for important buildings are reserved. A part of the town is reserved for administrative buildings where are situated the head office of the Construction Department as well as the Governor's residence. There is one European Hotel in this part of the town, another more central, and a new one is in course of construction. There is likewise à Russian Church, post-office, international telegraph, and a telephone system connected with Port Arthur; two clubs also flourish. The Railway Company have built large airy hospitals with every accommodation for 200 patients; and apart from these, infectious wards are situated outside of the town. The Chinese Eastern Railway, of which Dalny is the terminus, is directly connected by rail with all the Manchurian, Siberian and European Railways as well as with the Shanghai-kwan line via Inkou. There is a branch line to Port Arthur through the junction station Nanglin, and a daily service of trains runs to the North and Port Arthur from Dalny.