360
HONGKONG
Mean temperature
Mean maximum
Mean minumum
56.0 54.5
58.9 06.7
73.5
Maximum
79.2 79,0
82.1
88.0
91,5
The following table shows the fifteen years' means of the annual and monthly values of the principal meteorological elements, taken from the Observatory Report for 1898:-
Bar. Mean pressure Maximum
Minimu'n
Jan. Feb. March April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Year.
30,159 30.132 30.055 29,058 29.863 29.784 20.738 90.755–20.024–20.082 30,103 30.181 90.959 .30.367 30.390 30.308 30.158 30.045 29.38) 29-882 29,851 92.084 3°.157 3.311 31,444 30,444 29.686–290.421 29.552 20.576 29.447–29.284 28 762 -29,-88 28.876 20.089 20.575 29.757 28.762 59.7 57.7 62.2 69.9 76.6 80.7 81.6 81.0 $14 76.2 09.2 62.4 71.5 64.1 61.7 66.4 74.5 81.2
85.2 86.2 86.0 85.3 80.7 74.3 87.5 70.1 78.0 77.3 70.6 72.5 65.3 59.3 67.9
02.9 04.0
77.4
93.6
94.0
99.8
85.6
81.0 94.0
Minimum
32.0
40.3
43.9
55.6
64.1
09.2
721
716
45.6
60.8
£0.6
4.7
32.0
Mean daily range
8.1
7.2
7.4
7.7
7.7
7.8
8.2
8.7
8.7
8.3
9.0
9.2
8.2
Menn hudmiity
74
79
84
85
83
83
83
83
77
71
05
04
78
Meu rain
1.545
2.001
2.001
5.080 13.150
16.496 14.210
13.482
8.833
6.794
1.302
0995 86.867
Maximum in 24 hours
3.020
2.185
3.580
5.210 20.495 12.630 13.480
5.855 10.100
Mean max. iu 24 hours
0.688
0.710
1.160
Maximum ja 1 hour
0.510
0.525
1.570
Mean max. in 1 bonr
0.188
0.249
Hours of rain
05
04
Wind direction
.E15°N E14′′N
Wind velocity mean Maximum
Hours of sunshine
138.7
0.484
87 85 E8°N E2°N 14.4 15.0 185 14.9
46
53 40
46 77.7 79.5 110.7
1.018
2.256 4.844 4.438 3.973 2420 3.400 2.550 1.406 1.360
94
90 E11 8 839′′E 13.5 12.5 42 43 152.1 155.4
9.6 12.2
06
68
6.555 3.257 2.051 2743 0.843 0.522 8 646 3.480 2.140 1.720 1.650 1,620 0.500 1.333 1.187 1.001 0.702 0.285 0.165
79
73
57
** 26 34 898 843oE £33°E E15′′N E21oN E29°N E27°N E378
11.2 108
5.875
1.70 2.495
3,480
2.116
14.7
85
197.6
107.2
200,1
214,5
13.8 12.7 13.4
49
63 106 196.2 189.7 1907.4
TRADE
Hongkong is a free port, and there is no complete official return of the imports and exports compiled, but the value of its trade is estimated at about £50,000,000 per annum. During the year 1900 the following tonnage entered and cleared :-
CLEARED
Vessels. Tous. Vessels. Tone,
ENTERED
(659 14
315
En
NATIONALITY
ENTERED
Vessels. Tons.
American
80
126,262
Austrian
41
102,727
41
CL.KARED Vessels. Tons.
128,834 102,727
NATIONALITY
Belgian
6,963
British
3,764
4,589.610
3,747
5.9413 4,586,588
Chinese
164
Chinese Junks.. 17,732
130,005 1,804,632
108 17,603
138,507 1,620,224
Danish
10
18,684
#
Dutch.
13
French
22,840 230,201
13
236
18,326 22.846 231,030
German Italian Japanese Norwegian Russian Portuguese Swedish
111 12
34
950,173 20,502 649,003 123,374 24.790 5,900
600
13
319 109 12
38
958,571 19.72 649,027 120,151 24,70
5.856
5,934
5,9:34
A total of 16,935 vessels of 7,681,819 tons entered, and 17,458 vessels of 7,571,790 tons cleared with cargoes. There also entered in ballast 6,270 vessels, of 944,795 tons, and cleared 5,702 vessels of 1,048,619 tons.
The trade chiefly consists in opium, cotton, sugar, salt, flour, oil, cotton and woollen goods, cotton yarn, matches, metals, earthenware, amber, ivory, sandalwood, betel, vegetables, granite, &c., &c. There is an extensive Chinese passenger trade, now chiefly restricted, however, to the Straits Settlements, Netherlands India, Borneo, the Philippines, Siam, and Indo-China.
Hongkong possesses unrivalled steam communication. The P. & O. S. N. Co. and the M. M. Co. convey the European mail weekly, the Norddeutscher Lloyd Co. maintain a regular fortnightly mail service between Bremen and Hongkong, the P. M. S. S. Co., O. & O. 8. S. Co. and the Toyo Kisen Kaisha maintain a mail service with San Francisco, the Canadian Pacific Railway Co. a regular mail service with Vancouver, B.C., a regular line has been established by the Northern Pacific S. S. Co. to Tacoma, and Oregon, Portland; the Eastern and Australian S. S. Co. and the China Navigation Co. keep up a frequent but rather irregular service with the Australian Colonies, and the Nippon Yusen Kaisha maintains services to Europe, India, Australin, and the United States (Seattle). In addition to all these, several great lines of merchant steamers run between ports in Great Britain and Hongkong, of which the China Mutual S. S. Co., Ocean S. S. Co. and the Glen, Warrack, Mogul, Ben, Union, and Shell lines are the most conspicuous. The Austrian Lloyd's steamers also ply from Trieste to Hong- kong, those of the Hamburg-Amerika" line from Hamburg, and the Navigazione Generale Italiana Company's steamers run monthly from Genoa. There is frequent but irregular steam communication between Java and Hongkong. Between the ports on the east coast of China, Formosa and Hongkong the steamers of the Douglas S. S. Co. ply regularly twice a week, and those of the Osaka Shosen Kaisha weekly, and there is constant steam communication with Hoihow, Manila, Saigon, Haiphong, Tourane, Bangkok, Borneo, &c. With Shanghai, Tientsin, and the ports of Japan there is frequent communication by steamers of the Indo-China, China Navigation, and other lines, in addition to the English and French and German mail steamers, which leave weekly. Between Hongkong, Macao, and Canton there is a daily steam service, and tri-weekly steamers from Canton as far as Wuchow on the West River.
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