MUNICIPAL COUNCIL
CHINKIANG-NANKING
E. Starkey (chairman), F. Gregson (hon. secretary), A. E. Allen (hon. treas.), T. Weatherstone, E. G. Byrne Health Officer-Dr. J. A. Lynch
A. L. Allung, inspector of police
POST OFFICE-IMPERIAL CHINESE
Postal Officer--W. A. Washbrook
昌順 Shun-ch'ang
SCHIELE & BYRNE, Merchants
W. E. Schiele
E. G. Byrne
Age rey
Manchester Fire Assurance Co.
SPITZEL & Co., LOUIS, Merchs. and Com. Agts.
J. B. Roche
和瑞
STARKEY, E., Commission Agent
Sui-ho
Lee-kong
T. W. Bowern
STUBBE&WENTZENSEN, Merchants
i
局報電國中
Chung-kwok-dien-pato-chuck
TELEGRAPHS-IMPERIAL CHINESE
Luh Chang-Kong, manager
T. K. Tow, controller
C. L. Pang, clerk-in-charge
昌泰 Tai-chang
185
WADLIEGH & EMERY, General Commission
Merchants
E. C. Wadliegh (New York)
D. A. Emery
H. A. Emery
Yu Ching and others
Agencies
Palatine Fire Insurance Company Equitable Life Assurance Soc. of U.S.A. Sun Life Assurance Co., of Canada Straits Insurance Company, Limited
associated with others
Eastern Manufacturing Company
WU CHOU SHAN BUNGALOW
Trustees-H.B.M. Consul and Com-
missioner of Customs
NANKING
The city owes its present name, "Southern capital," to having been many times the capital of the Empire, the last occasion being in the Ming dynasty at the commencement of the 15th century. It is also known as Kiang Ning Fu, being the chief city of the prefecture of Kiang Ning, and the seat of government for the provinces grouped under the designation of Kiang Nan. In official documents it is not considered proper to call the city Nanking, since the Government acknowledges but one capital. Besides Kiang Ning Fu, an elegant Chinese name commonly used is _Kin Ling or "golden mound." From the 5th or 6th century B.C. to the present there has been a walled city at this place. Nanking is not yet an open port, although it is specified in the French Treaty of 1858 as one of the Yangtsze ports to be opened to trade, and its formal opening can doubtless be claimed at pleasure by the French Government.
Nanking is situated on the south bank of the Yangtsze, 45 miles beyond Chinkiang and 205 from Shanghai. From the river little can be seen of it except the long line of lofty grey brick walls which encircle it. The walls have an clevation varying from 40 to 90 feet, are from 20 to 40 feet in thickness, and 22 miles in circumference. They enclose a vast area, a large portion of which is wilderness or cultivated land. The inhabited portion lies towards the south and west, and is several miles from the banks of the river. Whatever of architectural beauty or importance belong to Nanking perished or was reduced to a ruinous condition at or before its occupation by the Taiping rebels. The world famous Porcelain Tower, the most beautiful pagoda in China, was completely destroyed during this period of its history, and now only broken and scattered bricks remain of the structure that was once the glory of Nanking, stood outside the walls on the south side of the city. The celebrated mausoleuni of the Emperor Hung Wu, founder of the Ming dynasty (who died in 1398), with other tombs and monuments, known as the Ming Tombs, are just outside the eastern walls. There are many other interesting ruins in or near the city, including the remains of Hung Wu's Palace. Nanking was first brought into notice among Europeans in 1842, in which year the first British Treaty with China was signed here. During the Taiping rebellion no place suffered more. It was first taken by assault by the Taipings on the 19th March, 1853, and after sustaining a prolonged siege was recaptured by the Imperial forces on the 19th July, 1864, a fatal blow to the rebels.
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