Directory_and_Chronicle_1892 — Page 613

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Andrew, Mrs. Andrew, Miss Ashburner, Miss Benham, Miss E. Birdsall, Miss Blackburn, Mrs. Bono, Mrs. Boyd, Mrs. Brown, Mrs. Brown, Miss Bushmann, Mrs. Cappon, Miss E. M. Carvalho. Mrs. C. C. Cass, Mrs. Francis Crowther, Miss

AMOY-FORMOSA

LADIES' DIRECTORY

Hewett, Mrs. Hobson, Mrs. Hobson, Miss Howard, Mrs. Howard, Miss Howie, Mrs. Hughes, Mrs. Jensen, Mrs. Johnstone, Miss J. Jordan, Mrs. Joseland, Mrs. Kip, Mrs. Knapel, Mrs. Lecky, Miss H. Lewis, Mrs. Lövström, Miss MacGowan, Miss Maclagan, Miss G. J. Malcampo, Mrs. Marcal, Mrs. Mathews, Mrs. Mathews, Miss

Nicholls, Mrs.

Nicholls, Miss L.

Nunes, Mrs.

Orr, Mrs.

Otte, Mrs. Pitcher, Mrs.

Poletti, Mrs. Powell, Mrs. Ramsay, Miss

EFE

Edwards, Mrs. St. J. H. Fahmy, Mrs. Farrow, Mrs. Fiendel, Mrs. Forrest, Mrs. Graham, Miss L. Green, Miss

Hansen, Mrs. Hauenstien, Mrs.

Miller, Miss Moalle, Mrs.

FORMOSA

Remedios, Mrs. C. C. Remedios, Mrs. E. G. Ringer, Mrs. Ross, Mrs. Santos, Mrs. Simoens, Mrs. Stellingwerf, Mrs. Suenson, Mrs. Thompson, Mrs. Thomsen, Mrs.. VanDyck Mrs. Wilson, Mrs. Wright, Mrs. T. W. Zwemer, Miss N.

This island, one of the largest in Asia, is situated between latitude 22 and 25 degrees N., and longitude 120 and 122 degrees E., and is separated from the coast of Fukien, China, by a channel about one hundred miles in width. Its name Formosa, signifying “beautiful island," was conferred by the Portuguese, the first Europeans to visit it, but it is called Taiwan (Great Bay) by the Chinese, to whom it has belonged since 1661. It is said that the Japanese endeavoured to form a colony in the island in 1620, but large numbers of Chinese were settled there prior to that date. The Dutch arrived in 1634, and founded several settlements, and traces of their occupation are still to be found in the island, but they were compelled in 1661 to retire by the Chinese pirate chief Koxinga, who then assumed the sovereignty of western Formosa. His grandson and successor, however, was induced, twenty-two years later, to resign the crown to the Emperor of China. Formosa is about 210 miles in length, and from 60 to 70 miles broad in the widest part, with a circumference of some 450 miles. It is intersected from north to south by a range of mountains, which forms a kind of back- bone to the island, the loftiest peak of which, Mount Sylvia, is 11,300 feet high. On the Western side of tliis range the slope is more gradual than on the eastern side, and broken by fertile valleys which lose themselves in the large undulating plain on which the Chinese are settled. The whole of the territory east of the dividing chain is peopled by an aboriginal race who acknowledge no allegiance to the Chinese Government and make frequent raids on the outlying Chinese settlements. They are a savage and warlike people, allied to the Malays and Polynesians, and live principally by the chase. The Chinese hold the aborigines in much dread on account of their ferocity, but of late years they have steadily continued their encroachments on the eastern coast, keeping the natives at bay by the aid of Hakka settlers, a hardy race, who in Formosa go by the name of Hillmen, and who have proved a resolute foe to the aborigines. Until 1874, when the Japanese landed a force in Formosa to punish one of the aboriginal tribes for the murder of some Loochooans shipwrecked on their coast, the Chinese Government had made no serious effort to extend their rule over any part of the eastern half of the island, but that event caused them to push forward their lines. A few of the aborigines nearer the coast have settled down to peaceful avocations, but the mountaineers still regard the Chinese with unappeasable hatred and hostility, though they have shown tesy and kindness to the few foreigners who have visited their villages. The