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TREATY BETWEEN PORTUGAL AND CHINA.
of the High Contracting Parties, the most complete and decided protection for their persons and property.
Art. II.-China confirms in its entirety the second article of the protocol of Lisbon, relating to the perpetual occupation and government of Macao by Portugal.
It is stipulated that Commissioners appointed by both Governments shall proceed to the delimitation of the boundaries, which shall be determined by a special con- vention; but so long as the delimitation of the boundaries is not concluded, every- thing in respect to them shall continue as at present, without addition, diminution, or alteration by either of the parties.
Art. III.-Portugal confirms, in its entirety, the third article of the protocol of Lisbon, relating to the engagement never to alienate Macao without previous agree- ment with China.
Art. IV. Portugal agrees to co-operate with China in the collection of duties on opium exported from Macao into Chinese ports, in the same way, and as long as, England co-operates with China in the collection of duties on opium exported from Hongkong into Chinese ports.
The basis of this co-operation will be established by a convention appended to this treaty, which shall be as valid and binding to both the High Contracting Parties as the present treaty.
Art. V.-His Most Faithful Majesty the King of Portugal and the Algarves may appoint an Ambassador, Minister, or other diplomatic agent to the Court of His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China, and this agent as well as the persons of his suite and their families, will be permitted, at the option of of the Portuguese Government, to reside permanently in Peking, to visit that Court, or to reside at any other place where such residence is equally accorded to the diplomatic representatives of other nations. The Chinese Government may also, if it thinks fit, appoint an Ambassad, Minister, or other diplomatic agent to reside at Lisbon, or to visit that Court when his Govern- ment shall order.
Art. VI. The diplomatic agents of Portugal and China shall reciprocally enjoy in the place of their residence all the prerogatives and immunities accorded by the law of nations; their persons, families, and houses, as well as their correspondence shall be inviolate.
Art. VII.-The official correspondence, addressed by Portuguese authorities to the Chinese authorities shall be written in the Portuguese language accompanied by a translation in Chinese, and each nation shall regard as authoritative the document written in its own language.
Art. VIII.-The form of correspondence between the Portuguese and the Chinese authorities will be regulated by their respective rank and position, based upon complete reciprocity. Between the high Portuguese and Chinese functionaries at the capital or elsewhere, such correspondence will take the form of dispatch [Chau-hoei); between the subordinate functionaries of Portugal and the chief authorities of the provinces, the former shall make use of the form of exposition (Xen-chen) and the latter that of declaration (Cha-hsing); and the subordinate officers of both nations shall cor- respond together on terms of perfect equality. Merchants and generally all others who are not invested with an official character, shall adopt, in addressing the autho- rities, the form of representation or petition (Pin-ching.)
Art. IX.-His Most Faithful Majesty the King of Portugal and the Algarves may appoint Consuls-general, Consus, Vice-consuls, or Consular agents in the ports or other places where it is allowed to other nations to have them. These functionaries will have powers and attributions similar to those of the Consuls of other nations, and will enjoy all the exemptions, privileges, and immunities, which at any time the consular functionaries of the most favoured nation may enjoy.
The Consuls and the local authorities will show to each other reciprocal civilities and correspond with each other on terms of perfect equality.
The Consuls and acting Consuls will rank with Tau-tais, Vice-Consuls, acting Vice-Consuls, Consular agents and interpreters-translators, with Prefects. The Consuls must be officials of the Portuguese Government and not merchants. The
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