Directory_and_Chronicle_1884 — Page 175

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INTENDENCIA MILITAR.

Intendente-J. C. P. d'Assumpção Ajudante—J. J. d'Azeredo

INSPECTION OF FIRE. Inspector--Major C. J. de Britto Assist. Ensign A. d'A. e Cunha, Jr.

MACAO.

INSPECCAM DO ALMOXARIFADO DE GUERRA E FAZENDA. Inspector-C. F. F. Martins,

Clerks-F. A. Pereira, L. da Silva, A. de

Pina

RETIRED OFFICERS. Lieutenant-Colonel—J. A d'Almeida Majors F. X. Collaço, C. J. P. da Silva,

Dr. J. C. S. Telles

MONTE FORT.

Commandant-Capt. B. Saavedra

BARRA FORT.

Commanding-Lieut. Silva

BOMPARTO FORT. Commander-J. M. G. d'Andrade

GULA FORT.

Major Commanding

D. MARIA II. FORT.

Commandant-The commandant of the

detachment

MONGHA FORT.

329

MACAO NATIONAL BATTALION. Lieut.-Col. Comm.-Baron de Coreal Adjutant-F. P. Elvain

Captains-L. J. M. Marques, C. J. da Silva,

C. V. Lopes

Lieut. Quarter Master-J. M. Peres Lieutenants-L. L. Barretto (absent), A. J. Brandão, J. Neves e Souza, A. J. da Fonseca, A. M. Guttierrez Ensigns-A. Bastos, Jr., D. Barros, E. Marques, F. Hyndman, P. N. da Silva, S. da R za Surgeons-vacant

TAMEGA, Screw Composite Gun-boat. 563 tons, 100 H.P., 5 Guns Commander-F. da Costa Cabral Lieutenant-A da Costa Ferreira

do. -A. J. de Azevedo Gomes do. -D. A. Lencastre

Surgeon-A. Proença Paymaster-R. G. Lobato Assist. do. A. Espergoss Engineer-J. Vaz dos Santos

do. -A. A. da Silva Assist. do.-A. dos Santos Sub-Lieut.-A. Barretto (absent)

do. -M. de Barros

-A. Pinto Bastos

do.

GUARDA POLICIAL

Col. Commanding-F. A. F. da Silva

Commandant-The commandant of the Major 2nd Commandant J. dos S. Vaquin.

detachment

TAIPA FORT.

Lieut. Com.-J. C. de Lemos

Harbour Master's Department. Harbour Master & Comm. of Water Police

-Demetrio Cinatti Clerk-F. F. do Rozario Master of Governor's Galley—Antonio Cy-

rillo do Rozario

WATER POLICE STATION. Commander-The Harbour Master Second do. —A. T. da Costa e Silva Wardens J. Rodrigues, Jr., B. S. Ro-

drigues

Clerk-D. A. do Rozario Boatswains-F. Lourenço, J. A. Vicente

and M. F. Cordeiro

has

Adjutant Ensign -J. B. Gonsalves First Surgeon-J. J. F. Alvares Second Surgeon-B. M. N. d' A. Roza Capt. Commanding Cavalry Section-R.

das Dores

Captain Commanding 1st Division-F. Au-

tónio

Lieutenant-A. A. do Rego

do. -M. de Jesus Ensign-J. A. A. Jacome

Capt.Com'ing En 1 Division— F. P. Sardinha

(absent)

Lieutenant-J. R. Madeira Ensign-L. Gosano

Capt. Com'ing 3rd Division—P. L. de Souza Lieutenant-J. Victorino Ensign F. X. M. Sampaio

CHINA.

REIGNING SOVEREIGN AND FAMILY.

Kuang Su, Emperor of China, is the son of Prince Ch'un, the seventh son of the Emperor Tao Kuang; hence he is cousin to the late Emperor Tung Chi, who died without issue on the 12th day of January, 1875, from small-poz.

The proclamation announcing the accession of the present sover ign was ag follows:-"Wber as His Majesty the Emperor has ascended upon the Dragon to be a guest on high, without offspring lorn to his inheritance, no course has been open but that of causing Tsai-Tien, son of the Prince of Ch'un, to become adopted us the son of the Emperor Wêng Tsung Kien (Hien Fung) and to enter upon the inheritance of the great dynastic live as Emperor by succession. Therefore, let Tsai-Tien, son of Yob Hoan, the Prince of Ch'uu, become adopted as the son of the Emperor Wên Tsung Hien, and enter upon the inheritance of the greit dynastic line as Emperor by succes. sion.". The present sovereign is the ninth Emperor of China of the Tartir dynasty of Ta-tsing, (Sublime Purity) which succeeded the native dynasty of Ming in the year 1644.

There exists no law of hereditary succession to the throne, but it is lit to each sovereign to appoint his successor from among the members of his family. The late Einperor, dying suddenly, in t e eighteenth year of his age, did not designate a successor, and it was in consequence of a palace intrigue, directed by the late Empress Dowager, widow of the Emp ror Heu Fu: g, predee ssor of Tung Chi, in concert with Prince Ch'un, that the infant son of the latter was declared Emperor and another long Regency, pro'onging the rule of the two Empress. 8 Dowager, inaugurat d.

GOVERNMENT AND REVENUE.

The fun lamental laws of the empire are laid down in the Ta tsing Huei-tien, or Collected Regulations of the Great Pure Dynasty, which prescribe the government of the State as based upon the government of the family. The Emperor is spiritual as well as temporal sovereign, and, as Ligh priest of the Empire, can alone, with his immediate representatives and ministers, perform the great religious cere- monies. No ecclesiastical hierarchy is maintained at the public expense, nor any priesthood attached to the Confucian or State religion.

The administration of the empire is under the supreme direction of the Interior Council Chamber, comprising four members, two of Tartar and two of Chinese origin, besides two assistants from the Hau-lin, or Great College, who have to see that nothing is done contrary to the civil and religious laws of the empire, contained in the Ta-tsing Huei-tien, and in the sacred books of Confucius. These members are denominated Ta Hsio-sz, or Ministers of State. Under their or lers are the Li Pu or six boards of government, each of which is presided over by a Tartar and Chines?. They are(1) The board of civil appointment, which takes cognisance of the conduct and administration of all civil officers; (2) The board of revenues, regulating all financial affairs; (3) The boarl of rites and ceremonies, which enforces the laws and customs to be observed by the people; (4) The military board, sup-rir tending the administration of the army; (5) The board of public works; and (6) The high tribunal of criminal jurisdiction. To these must be added the Tsung-li Tamen, or board of foreigu affairs. In lepend-nt of the Government and theoretically above the central administration, is the Tu-clia. Yuan, or board of public censors. It consists of from 40 to 50 members, under two presidents, the one of Tartar and the other of Chinese birth. By the ancient custom of the empire, all the members of this board are privileged to present any remonstrance to the sovereign. One censor must be pre- sent at the meetings of each of the six government bords.

The estimates of the public revenue of China vary greatly, and, while they are state i by some to exceed 100 millious sterling, are held by others not to come up to half that amount.

Official returns of the Chinese Government, published in 1844, stated the annual revenue at that time at Tls. 191,803,139, or £63,934,713. Accord- ing to the memorials from officials published in the Feking Gazette, it would appear that there are almost constant deficits, which the governors and high officials of pro- vinces must cover by extraordinary taxation. Occasionally the Treasury is replenished by a liberal sale to their relatives of posthumous honours to the departed and of