CONVENTION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND' CHINA.
237
Art. II. Following the range of hills along the Amoor's course, the long established Chinese frontier posts, and the marks put down in the 6th year of Yung-ching's reign (1728) at Ŝha-peen T-pa-ba, (in the vicinity of Tarbagatai), it is agreed that, where these marks terminate, the West rn boundaries, not yet laid down, shall commence; they shall extend westward to the Lake Tse-sang-cho-urb, from which, after running in a south-westerly dir ction along the Tih mih-urh Too-choo-rh of the Tee-shan range, they shall go southwards to Khokand.
Art. III. Should there her after occur disputes or misunderstandings in respect of frontier boundaries, it is agreed that they shall be determined by the two preceding articles. With reference to the placing of boundary marks in the tracts of country lying on the East, between Lake Hin-Ka and the Toumen, and on the West, between Sha-peen Ta-pa-ya and Khokand, it is agreed that trustworthy officers shall be appointed by the two governments for that purpose. For the placing of the marks along the eastern frontiers the officers appointed shall meet at the mouth of the Usuri in May, 1861; and for similar duty on the western frontiers, officers shall meet at Tarbagatai, but the time of meeting it is unnecessary to fix. The officers appointed. for the above work shall act with all fairness and justice; and, as in accordance with the boundaries indicated in the First and Second articles of this convention, they shall make four charts, two of which shall be Russian and two either Manchurian or Chinese, and the said charts having been duly s gued and sealed by the officers in question, shall be deposited, two (one in Russian and one in Manchurian or Chinese) in Russia, and two (one in Russian and one in Manchurian or Chinese) in China. On the inter- change of these charts, they shall be appended hereto as forming part of this article.
Art. IV. At all places along the frontier agreed upon in the Fist article of this convention, Russian and Chinese subjects may hold intercourse at pleasure. There shall not in any case, be duties levied; and all frontier officers shall afford protection to merchants quietly carrying on trade.
In order to grate precision, the substance of the second article of Gae-hwan (Ay Kom) is hereby again enunciated.
Art. V.-Russian merchants, in addi'ion to trading at Kiachta, may, when passing in the old established manner from Kiachta to Peking, dispose of sundries at Koo-lun and Chang-kia-how. A [Russian] Consul with a limited retinue_may_be stationed at Koo-lun, he shall himself supervise the building of a consulate, but the site, the number of buildings, and the land for pasturage of cattle, shall all be determined by the high officers stationed at Koo-lun.
Chinese merchan's, desirous of so doing, are at liberty to repair to Russia, and there carry on tra le.
Russian merchants visiting the Chinese marts shall be under no restrictions, whether as to the time at which they may visit such places or the duration of their stay; but the number of merchants at any one place shall not exceed two hundred. The Russian officers stationed on the frontiers shall supply each party of merchants with a passport, in which shall be specified the name of the chief merchant, the number of people that accompany him, and the place about to be visited by them for trade. The merchants shall themselves provide funds for the expenditure attendant on their business and for the purchase of food an1 cattle.
Art. VI. In the establishment of trade, the same regulations shall be applied at Kashgar as at Ili and Tarbagatai. At Kashgar, China agrees to make a grant of land whereon to build residences, warehouses, and churches, in order to suit the convenience of such Russian merchants as may live there; ground shall likewise be granted for burial purposes, and, as at Ili and Tarbagata', a tract of pasture land for cattle. The bigh officer stationed at Kashgar shall be officially directed to determine the amount of ground to be granted for the purpose, and to make the other requisite arrangements. Should persons from the outside enter the Russian concession at Kashgar, and plunder the property of Russian merchants trading there, China will not take any action in the matter.
Art. VII.-The merchants of both countries may trade as they please at the various marts, and shall not be subjected to any obstruc ions on the part of the officials; they
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