for purposes of trade, to all parts of the interior, under passports which will be is- sued by their Consuls, and countersigned by the local authorities. These passports, if demanded, must be produced for examination in the localities passed through. If the passport be not irregular, the bearer will be allowed to proceed, and no opposi tion shall be offered to his hiring persons or hiring vessels for the carriage of his baggage or merchandize. If he be without a passport, or if he commit any offence against the law, he shall be handed over to the Learest Consul for punishment, but he must not be subjected to any ill-usage in excess of necessary restraint. No passports need be applied for by persons going on excursions from the ports open to trade to a distance not exceeding 100 li, and for a period not exceeding five days.
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The provisions of this Article do not apply to crews of ships, for the due restraint of whom regulations will be drawn up by the Consul and the local authorities.
To Nanking, and other cities disturbed by persons in arms against the Govern- ment, no pass shall be given until they shall have been recaptured.
Art. X.-British merchant-ships shall have authority to trade upon the Great River (Yang-tsz). The Upper and Lower Valley of the river being, however, distur- bed by outlaws, no port shall be, for the present, opened to trade, with the excep- tion of Chin-kiang, which shall be opened in a year from the date of the signing of this Treaty.
So soon as peace shall have been restored, British vessels shall also be admit- ted to trade at such ports as far as Hankow, not exceeding three iu number, as the British Minister, after consultation with the Chinese Secretery of State, may determine shall be ports of entry and discharge.
Art. XI. In addition to the cities and towns of Canton, Amoy, Fuhchau, Ningpo and Shanghae, opened by the Treaty of Nanking, it is agreed that British subjects may frequent the cities and ports of New-Chwang, Tang-Chow, Tai-Wan (For- mosa), Chau-Chow (Swatow), and Kiung-Chow (Hainan).
They are permitted to carry on trade with whomsoever they please, and to pro- ceed to and from at pleasure with their vessels and merchandize.
They shall enjoy the same privileges, advantages, and immunities at the said towns and ports as they enjoy at the ports already opened to trade, including the right of residence, of buying or renting houses, of leasing land therein, and of building churches, hospitals, and cemeteries.
Art. XII-British subjects, whether at the ports or at other places, desiring to build or open houses, warehouses, churches, hospitals, or burial-gounds, shall make their agreement for the land or buildings they require at the rates prevailing among the people, equitably, and without exaction on either side.
Art. XIII.-The Chinese Government will place no restrictions whatever upon the employment by British subjects of Chinese subjects in any lawful capacity.
Art. XIV.-British subjects may hire whatever boats they please for the trans- port of goods or passengers, and the sum to be paid for such boats shall be settled between the parties themselves, without the interference of the Chinese Government. The number of these boats shall not be limited, nor shall a monopoly in respect either of the boats or of the porters or coolies engaged in carrying the goods, be granted to any parties. If any smuggling takes place in them, the offenders will, of course, be punished according to law.
Art. XV.-All questions in regard to rights whether of property or person, aris- ing between British subjects, shall be subject to the jurisdiction of the British au- thorities.
Art, XVI.-Chinese subjects who may be guilty of any criminal act towards British subjects shall be arrested and punished by the Chinese authorities, ac- oording to the laws of China.
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