Directory_and_Chronicle_1845 — Page 673

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river is in lat, 50° N. long. 110° E. It is here called the Ornon. Iu its course it is joined by the Ingoda, Argun PA, Sougari. Noune, and Hourha, and after the junction with the latter, takes the name of Kwantung, which receiving many small and one large stream, the Usuri, empties into the Gulf of Sagalien in lat. 53° N. and long: 143 E. Its entire length is nearly 2,200 miles, and the area of the country drained by it is about 900,000 square miles. There are three considerable lakes in Manchuria, the Hurun p

倫 and Pir 貝爾 ou the west of the Sialkoi, and the Hinkai 興凱

nor in the valley of the Usuri. Southeast of the Desert and north of the Great Wall is the Sira-muren or Liáu river. This is joined by the Hwáng Ho in Shingking, and after a course of 400 miles empties into the gulf of Liautung. The Yáhluh kiáng runs along the northern frontiers of Corea.

Manchuria is divided into three provinces, Shingking, Kirin 吉林 and Tsitsihar 齊齊哈爾or Heh lung kiáng.

The capital of Manchuria is Moukden; its Chinese name is Fung- tien fi. It is also known by the name of Shingking. It lies in lat. 41° 40§‚N, and long 123° 37′ E. on a branch of the Liáu, about 500 miles northeast from Peking. The town is surrounded by a waff about ten miles in length, inclosing another wall which separates the emperor's residence from the town. This part of the city is three miles in circumference. The palace and the buildings connected with it, the government offices and courts, and the grounds within it, are all arranged on a plan similar to those at Peking. It was called Moukden, which signifies flourishing, by the Manchu monarchs in 1631, when they made it the seat of their government, and the empe- rors have since done everything in their power to enlarge and beautify it, but with only partial success.

The town of Hingking, sixty miles east of Moukden, is one of the favored places in Shingking, from its being the family residence of the Manchu monarchs and the burial-gound of their ancestors. It is pleasantly situated in a mountain valley, and the tombs are upon à mountain three miles north of it called Tsz'yun shán. The circuit of the wall is about three miles.

Kinchau is the port of Moukden, fifteen teagues from it, and carries on a considerable trade in cattle, pulse and drugs. The harbor is described as shallow and exposed to southern gales. Kaicháu, an- other port lying on the east side of the Gulf, possesses a better harbor, but is not so much frequented. Most of the other towns in Shing-