Directory_and_Chronicle_1842 — Page 334

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Topography of Anhwui.

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IX. The department of Kwúngti comprises a narrow district east of Ningkwó fú, by which it is bounded on the west, and by the province of Kiángsú on the other sides.

X. The department of Chú lies between the department of Fung- yáng on the west, and Kiángning of Kiángsú on the east. The dis- trict of Láián forms its northern part, and that of Tsunshu its most southern.

XI. The department of Hò lies between that last named, and the Great river, which forms its southern boundary. Lord Amherst's embassy stopped, on the 27th Oct., 1816, about four miles from the town of Hồ, or Hòchau, which is that distance, Mr. Davis tells us, from the river, but can be approached by a navigable stream which flows from it to the Great river. In fact, as Mr. Davis says, scarcely any town of consequence in the whole empire is without a river or canal by which it can be approached.

XII. The department af Luán lies between Lúchau and A'n- king on the east, and Húpe and Hồnán on the west. It is for the most part a valley, having a rivulet, which descends from its southern extreme due north, and empties itself into the Hwći.

XIII. The department of Sz' is bounded on the north and east by Kiángsú, on the south by the department of Chú, and on the west by Fungyáng. It is watered by the river Hwái, and also by the lake Kungtse.

These last named departments, from the eighth downwards, are all small, and comparatively unimportant, being, except in their name and form of government, scarcely at all different from the districts.

The rivers of the province, with but few minor exceptions, are all tributaries to the Yangtsz' kiáng or to the river Hwái. Those that flow into the last, for the most part come from Hồnán and run to the southeast; three or four, however, run from the opposite direction. Along the whole course of the Yangtsz' kiáng through the province, at short intervals and on either side of it, rivers flow in to augment its flood of waters. These numerous branches are of various lengths, some twenty, some forty, some sixty, and more miles.

Mountains are seen in the southern part of the province; and the principal ranges form the high lands, on both sides of the Great river, where many of the abovenamed rivers have their sources. Through the central and western parts are numerous hills, but we are not aware that any of them are very high or any way remarkable. The soil seems everywhere to be well watered and very fertile, and little if any remains uncultivated.

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