Directory_and_Chronicle_1842 — Page 232

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XI.

Topography of Kiángsú.

Tung chau; or the

APRIL,

Department of Tung, includes two districts.

Its chief city is situated in lat. 32° 3′ 40′′ N., and long. 4° 12′ 42′′ E. of Peking, and 120° 37′ 42′′ E. of Greenwich.

1 如辠Jükáu,

XII.

Department of Táitsáng, includes four districts.

1 Âu | Chinyáng,

2 嘉定 Kiáting,

2

Táihing.

Táitsáng chau; or the

3寶山 Páushán,

4

Tsungming.

The latitude and longitude of some of the chief towns of this pro- vince have not been ascertained, or, at least, have not been given by any Europeans. However, they are marked on the Chinese maps with sufficient clearness to enable us to describe their positions accu- rately enough for the general reader.

1.

The department of Kiángning includes the ancient Nánking, or the Southern capital-once the most celebrated city of China, whether regard be had to its extent, its buildings, its manufactures, or the character of its inhabitants. The department comprises seven districts: two of them, Shángyuen and Kiángning, have the resi- dences of their chief magistrates in the provincial capital: Küyung, the chief town of the district of the same name, and the residence of its chief magistrate, is situated on the east of the department; Lí- shui and Kaushun are on the south; Kiángpú is on the west; and Luhó is on the north. This department forms the southwest portion of the province; on the north and northeast it is bounded by the de- partment of Yangchau; on the east, by that of Chinkiáng; and on the west and south, by the province of A ́nhwui. Its greatest extent is from north to south. The Yángtez' kiáng flows through it, so dividing it that about one third of its area is on the northern, and the rest of the department on the southern, bank of that majestic river.

The members of lord Amherst's embassy are, we believe, the only foreigners who have visited Nánking in modern times; and it is from their writings that we select most of the few particulars which we have to give regarding that city. It stands on the southern bank of the river, and distant from it about three miles. Several canals lead from the river to the city, and also one road, on which some of the members of the embassy walked to the northern gate; this gate is a