1938-06-22 — Page 3

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ASSAULT IN QUEEN'S ROAD

Defendant Accuses "Complainant Of Being Po-pui Carrier

A

MEN AND MACHINES IN

MODERN WARFARE

Col. N.M.S. Irwin Addresses Hong Kong Rotarians

The wars now being wazed in Spain and Chisa do not fairly represent what we may expect from two fairly equally armed and organised nations, but it is siralicant that in both cases man has shown the most extraordinary power of resisting the machine," sald Col. N.MS. Irwin, D.S.O., M.C., in the course of his "talk, at the Rotary Club yesterday, on the "Evolution of Mechanical Warfare."

Prol. W. I. Gerrard presided over the meeting which was attend- ed by a very large number of members and their friends and visit. ing Rotarlans.

GENERAL

LADIES ROBBED OF

BAGS AT PICNIC

Two Men Found Guilty At Criminal Sessions

Sentences of two years' hard labour were respectively passed on Luk Tak-tung and Au Shing, who appeared before the Acting Pulsne. Judge, Mr. EH. Williams at the Criminal Bessions yesterday on the charge of robbery by two or more persons.

Au Shing pleaded guilty to the charge while first defendant, Luk Tak-fang, pleaded not guilty.

Mr. EW. Davies. Crown Solicitor, prosecuted and the follow- ing Jury were empanelled: Mesars GR. Payne (foreman), H.Kew. Yu Shu-chen, E.C. Olaes, Wong Sun-man. TB. Allam, J.D. Marques..

Evidence was given by Wong Witness said that at the time coming them and Shun-ki, spinster, residing at No. she noticed thrës men covered

distance, 719 Nathan Road Kowloon, that on towards them from a with armour. There

May 1she and six other ladies Just after the photo had been formed a plenic party for an ex- taken the three men separated. cursion to a well-known spot posting themselves at, different known as "Wu Tip Kuk" "in Lál- places. chikok.

be given from the

At the conclusion of his talk Col of gunpowder. After the fall of Irwin was thanked by Mr. E. J. Rhe Roman Empire soldiers took to Mitchell on behalf of the Rotary horses and Club

themselves Addressing the gathering Col. was no doubt as to the value of armour. and some remarkable Irwin said :--

I was asked to talk about Me-figures cán chanisation in the Army today. Crusades. but in order to avold technical de- However, both horses and arm- tails some of the more interesting our were expensive and so size of

became

smialler. Then of which must, of necessity, re-armies main undisclosed, I will treat the after the discovery of gunpowder subject more widely as the title at the end of the 13th century the inusket appeared which pierced of my talk indicates.

the armour, but being a one man weapon and comparatively cheap two armies started to increase again: So one passed from a small fairly mobile and protected army to a much larger one with greater of tensive power-the musket--but less mobility-the feet.

In order that a fight may take place we require at least two men, armed ur unarmed.

These

men have got to do three things and the more efficiently they do hem the greater will be their chances of success. They have got to move, to hit and to guard, and it is the urge to improve these powers of moving, hitting and

has turned guarding which

They

when went by bus and the bus reached the road outside

SNATCHED HANDBAG

One of them came up to witness the female prison in Laichikok, and said "Why do you come here?" they got off and proceeded via a Witness replied saying, "What has small bath to this spot. They that got to do with you?" The man arrived, at their destination about pointed to her handbag and ask- 9 a.m. and one of the party tooked what was inside, at the same out a camera and took a group time snatching the bag away. photograph of the party,

**

Witness struggled to retrieve it until one of the party advised her not to struggle but to give the bag to the man. ·

make it futtle for armles to go to

As witness could not hold or те ground. To keep war mobile.

any longer she let go of the bag create an offensive weapon super-and the man ran away with it. tor to the defence. The power of The bag contained 5 cents in cop- offensive weapons has on-

THE STEAM ENGINE The next stage came with the

the war discovery of the steam engine. In

Trom a simple duel between two the French campaign of 1859 rail- nien using the weapons with which ways came into extensive use and they were born into a struggle for the thain strategical moves re- first between groups of individuals placed the road.

and then between nations armed But although strategical mobility with every sort of vehicle and was greatly increased by the rail- weapon that brains, sclerice: and way, by which great hosts could material, can produce.

be concentrated on the field of battle, tactical mobility was almost

THE FIRST STAGE Man suon discovered that how- ver wonderful his body right be It possessed certain limitations in battle and he sought to improve nd supplement his natural means ghting and by doing so enter-

o

ed the first stage in the evolution. of mechanical warfare.

primitive as in the days of

| Caesar, að ames still had to march forward of their railheads and be supported by horse drawn vehicles.

HANDFUL OF LORRIES In 1914 the British Army had a handful of lorries and cars and In 1918 it He soon realised that the fint about 90 aeroplanes.

mechanical was sharper and stronger than the possessed 120.000

a day, I

nalis so he made the spear-head; vehicles, and factories were turn- Watchman. Chap District Chung, appeared before Mr. Lock- that a sinew stretched on a sticking out 90 aeroplanes hart-Smith at the Central Court "ould throw a small spear further will not discuss the aeroplane, as yesterday on a charge of common than he could by hand, so he in- that is a subject in itself, beyond

bow. He found

reminding you that it enabled the that assault on an auction broker. Tong vented the

soldiers to move in three dimen- als Desh su Mered from blows Ming-kam, "on May 31.

stons instead of two whereas hide was tough and

the gap between railhead and for- ward troops and ensured not only the rapid movement of troops within that area, but also the re- gular maintenance and provision- ing of troops in the battle line.

HATTLE OF THE SOMME

What did the lorry do?. It ailed

"

Mr. C. A. Sutherton Russ appear-ashioned as a shield would protect ed for the prosecution, while Mr. him. He saw that the horse was M. A. da Silva was for the defence.witter than he was, so he tamed Giving evidence in the witness- the horse and rode it, and after box, complainant said that, while he found how to make a wheel he was walking with his brother used it for draught purposes. along Queen's Road West, near the! Man next discovered that by a Central Theatre, defendant stop-combination of weapons and

At the Battle of the Somme in ped him and accused him of being means of movement, he could still 1916 we lost 40.000 men in ad- a po-pul ticket carrier. He denied further improve his chance of de-vancing 1,000 yards. In 1917 at the accusation," whereupon defenteating an

.enemy, and

so in the Battle of Ypres we employed million shells costing £23.000.000 and after three months we had advanced under six miles at a cost of nearly half a million casualties,

dant struck him two blows, gripped dividual contests gave place to 120,000 gunners to fire over four him by the hair and kicked him

in the ribs.

Defendant' then dragged him by the hair to the police station, but after a distance stopped and re- leased him.

collective actions and further, the more skilled and well equipped he or his forces were the more easily could, he defeat forces larger but less efficient than his own.

This was how Alexander con- Witness later went alone to thequered the world, how Hannibal police station and made a report. fought Rome for nearly 20 years. He was taken to the hospital where and how Caesar overcame the he was detained for medical treat-nordes of barbarians. ment for two days.

The case was adjourned till July

GUN POWDER

The next" "stage in mechanical warfare came with the discovery

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INDEX NUMBERS

These index numbers represent the estimated monthly receipts from traffic as related to comparable traffic' in the year 1929. It should be noted that since 1939 the operation in various' overseas areas has been taken over at different dates by the local associated companies, and the total figures for 1928 taken for purpose of com- parison in establishing the index 100 have therefore been adjusted when necessary by the omission of the receipts accruing in the areas affected. The Index numbers are, in consequence, all shown upon a comparable basis

January February March

Monthly figures reduced to working day average. Working day average of comparable receipts, year 1929100.) 1930 1931 1932 1938 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 98.0 78.3 73.4 69.9 71.8 73.2 71:2 85.8 71.5 95.7 81.2 82.9 71.7 74.7 74.4 73.3 84.6 73.7 94.5 79.6 77.8 70.4 12.8 76.2 76.0 90.8 74.7 34.9 74.5 71.4 718 718 74.6 71.6 83.7 71.5 88.2 68.1 67.7 70.7 73.1 72.5 67.6. 78.6 €5.3 86.0 64.8 64.7 70.1 70.1 70.2 70.3 73.5 80.8 84.7 83.2 67.5 68.0 66.7 70.3 73.4 82.1. 818 89.6 65.9 70.7 67.1 69.1 73.0 81.4 73.0 71.4 67.9 70.3 75.5 70.7 72.8 82.5 77.8 73.2 72.1 73.6 78.8 75.9 78.5 80.4 79.0 73.0 71.8 7123. 72.7 80.5 72.5 87.1 83.6 78.8 78.7 80.7 80.1 96.4 82.5

April

May

June

July

August

Beptember October November December

whole charged little and therefore pers, a ten cent plece, three Can- ton 10 cent notes and some docu- t first remains necessary to de

ments. feat the effectiveness of existing weapons by armour and mobility

weapon.

the man

who had

Witness stated that when she by putting the fighting man int saw the three men coming to- wards the party she was afraid. speed armoured high

vehicles.

and, while the photo was being Afterwards this same protected mobile vehicle must be capable of taken, she took out $10 in Hong becoming itself a decisive offensive Kong currency notes and put the money in her pocket, fearing that After 20 years experiments we the men would try to rob.

for At an identification parade wit- adhere to the opinion that tactical requirements where speed ness identifed Arst defendant Luk is not the predominan factor the Tak-fung as Tank, a track vehicle as opposed taken her bag from her. to a wheel vehicle, offers the best

SECOND BAG TAKEN rbance of becoming, the decisive! weapon because of its great power Corroborative evidence was given

by another woman. Ip Pak war of cross-country movement.

For strategic moves on the other who said that her handbag had also been taken from her by hand, and for supply purposes where some degree of selection of second defendant.

Evidence was "given by Mr. route is possible, the wheel vehicle

the best. Fortunately the in-RH.E. Marks, A.S.P., who deposed troduction of the low pressure to having held an identification tyre bas giver even these vehicles parade at which first and second a high cross-country capacity in defendants were identified. addition to a commercial value as

a standard chassis in peace time.

Luk Tak-fung's defence was that the two handbags were given to him and second defendant cumsha.

18

THE ARTILLERY

After the Jury had unanimously Artillery is similarly, served by

found both accused guilty, the track and wheel vehicles. for trac tor and carriage purposes. the size Puisne, Judge remarked to accused being slightly larger to take the that they had taken part in a of cowardly robbery, taking the op- are greater weights. There course. numerous other vehicles portunity when they knew that forming part of the equipment of the party were undefended. ⠀ the Army-high speed cable layers. WT vehicles. water tank lorries. power plant for engineers. such 33. Water-pumps and elevators, drills and borers, saws and so on. and

The bridging equipment. whole organisation is created to keep war on the move and pre- which vent the deadlock into armies sank in the Great War. We have, of course yet to see whether in fact this high degree of mechanisation will achieve.the results hoped for, whether there are not too many complications and obstacles which will dia- be carried with his offensive organise the Commander's plan or armament to the objective-the disrupt his organisation and enemy by a route which was it- tie interfered with by physical restriction of ground, and there to deal that enemy Д knock out blow.

GAS AND THE TANK

To find a means of breaking through this tactical immobility the Germans employed gas as a Burprise weapon. It came near to succeeding at one stage... We in our turn invented the tank and succeeded. That is to say "we found a vehicle which enabled, a relatively well protested soldier to

whether armoured mobility' has succeeded in providing us with the means overcoming the gun. the machine gun, and the rifle. Whether in fact the power of

We succeeded in fact, in reduc. offence is greater than the power

ing the enemy's small amm (parti- | of defence. cularly machine-gun) fire and the protection of his trenches and wire to near zero.

The tank was to all intents and purposes a new weapon, a new type of bullet, combining mobility. protection, and offensive power in one, and as the bullet of the old musket pierced the armour of the 15th century knight so the tank plerced the earthworks of the 20th Century soldier.

SPAIN AND CHINA

The wars now being waged in Spain and China do not fairly re- present what we may expect from two fairly equally armed and or- ganised nations, but it is signi Acant that in both cases man has

the shown

most extraordinary power of resisting the machine. It is accepted that vehicles armed and armoured cannot of them- selves ensure the reduction and capture of any objective. In the end 'the flesh-and-blood man must be called in, and, therefore, I close on a wondering note.

LESSON LEARNED The lesson, of course, was that the tank could carry armour and cross obstacles that roads were no longer necessary and that men could fight while on the move.

Has the armoured mechanical namely, the epitome of a coricen-vehicle, in giving amoured and armed mobility, succeeded in pro-: tration of protection, are power. and mobility in one vehicle. Fur-viding the means, in Itself, of de- thermore behind this could come "feating and destroying an enemy and are we in danger of losing cross country supply vehicles to enable the Army to move whither our faith in the value of the man i will became the present day in favour of the machine? army, like every one that has pre- ceded it, must continue to march on, its belly."

The human body continues to stand up to the most barbarous treatment, and so in the further evolution of mechanical warfare we should remember that in the end it must still be the man, and The aim of all nations is to pre- not the machine on whom the vent a repetition of 1914 and anal decision will rest.

AND TODAT?

What is the position today?

WEDNESDAY, JUNE 22, 1938.-PAGE 3

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