1937-09-15 — Page 3

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SUPPLEMENTARY NOTE FROM

CHINA TO LEAGUE

Nanking, Sept. 13: The various Numerous cases of Japanese strocities committed by Japanese forces using poison gas bombs and armed forces in China since shells are on record. China's first note to the League The Japanese have also carried of Nations on August 30, are but-hostilities into South China, bomb- lined in a Supplementary. Memo- | Ing, the cities of Canton, Swatow, randum sent by the ministry of Amoy and many lesser places, and Foreign Affairs yesterday to the seizing customs cruisers and fishing League of Nations.

According to the second note. Japanese aggression in China has gained momentum since the first note was handed to the League, and the Japanese have not only wantonly destroyed, property and Killed non-combatants, but have also destroyed property and at- tacked nationals of third coun- tries in China,

In Shanghal, the Japanese have increased their naval force to 19,- 000; her army to 5 divisions; and added a large assortment of mill- tary aircraft and other modern implements of war in an effort to gain control of China's most important port. rejecting a pro- posal by third Powers for the withdrawal of all Chinese and Japanese armed .forces from Shanghai,

+

In North China, Japanese armed forces have compelled Chinese, to withdraw from Nankow and Kalgan, organised the so-called "South Chahar Autonomous Gov- ernment and forced fierce fight- ing along the Felping-Hankow

boats in southern waters.

The note also mentions about the Japanese, blockade along the China coast and the search of for- eigh merchantmen in Chinese waters.

Details of the attacks by Japan- ese planes on non-combatants and Red Cross ambulances and workers' were also brought out in the memorandum.

The League is also informed in the note of the bombing of mis- slon hospitals around Shanghai, the merciless slaughter by bomb- ing planes of non-combatants at the Shanghal South Station where 200 were killed and 500 "others wounded, the killing of 200 wound- ed soldiers and refugees, at Nan- zlang, ad the bombing of non- fortified towns near Tsangchow. The deliberate destruction of cul- tural institutions such as Nankal University in Tientsin and Tung Chi University in Shanghai are also noted.

3

DYNAMIC JAMES YEN

China's Need For Education

In Deepest Sense

RURAL RECONSTRUCTION

(James Y. Yen).

The note concludes by saying

SHANGHAI:-Dynamie James Y. C., or "Jimmy," Yen has eni that Japan has completely dis- regarded all international obliga-larged his "social laboratory." For seven years it has operated in Tinghsien, which includes 400 square miles containing 400,000 people Railway and the northern section

tions and treaties and has not

In Hopel Province of North China. Now it will take in additionally of the Tientsin-Pukow Rallway. only threatened the lives of 450,- Japanese troops in the two last-000,000 Chinese and their cultural Hunan, in Central China, and Szechuan, West China. There has named sectors total nine divisions institutions. but the whole world already been South China experience in Kwangsi, or 150.000 men.

as well-Central News

LEAGUE ASSEMBLY The Aga Khan Elected

President.

London, Sept. 13. His Highness the Aga Khan, chief delegate for India, was unanimous- ly elected President of the League of Nations Assembly this afternoon. Out of the 55 votes cast, the Aga Khan received 49.

Opering the 18th. Assembly of the League at Geneva to-day, as President of the Council the Spanish Premier, Senor, Negrin, sald al-'¡ though the events in Spain were a matter of the gravest interns- tional concern he did not intend to refer to them but would con- tent himself with offering the greetings of the Spanish Govern- ment in the eyes of which the League system was the only hope- ful form for organisation of inter- national relations.

"It we, and those who think like us, do all we can to maintain and strengthen it, it will prove a true "foundation for the peace and pros- perity of the world. Let us hope our deliberations and resolutions will bear witness to your resolve that international relations shall be governed by, the principles of the Covenant and by good faith and respect for mternational en- gagement," concluded Sepor Ne- grim."

British Wireless Service.

FRENCH ARMY

British Officers Attending

Manoeuvres.

N

London, Sept. 13. The War Secretary, Mr. Lesile Holc Belisha, accompanied by. Brigadier General Macready of the War Office General Staff, few from Eastbourne to Deauville, this morning, on his way to attend the French Army manoeuvres in Nor- mandy.

Field Marshal Sir Cyril Deverell, Chief of the Imperial General staff, is also attending the manoeuvтES.---- British Wirele

FIRE ALARM Ingenious Device Invented In London

London. Sept. 13.

ITALY TURNS

PESSIMISTIC

Rome, Sept. 13. The British and French Chargé d'Affaires called on Count Clane to-day and presented the Nyon

conclusions.

Italian opinion after at first tak- ing a fairly favourable view of the proposals has now turned pessimis- tic, and censures the proposal of patrolling the high seas by Britain. and France-a task in which it is

considered that Italy ought to

have an equal share.

The press is playing down the subject as much as possible, but such criticisms as appear are hos- tile and may be read as a prejude to rejection. The "Tribuna" de- clares that the responsibility for piracy rests with those Powers who refuse to adopt the only effective and legitimate means of suppics- sing it by granting belligerent rights to both parties. Reuter

ANOTHER AIRMAN

CRASHES

Moscow, Sept. 23. Another Soviet airman crashed in the region of the North Pole whilst looking for the missing So- vlet aviators lost recently when attempting the flight from Moscow to Alaska.

Renter's Bulletin Service:

EARLY REPLY EXPECTED

Italy And Nyon Conference Proposals

Thus for the first time this man who gained world attention by his - "thousand-character movement" to banish literacy among China's millions, has gained a nation-wide scopë for his ideas, which have now gone far beyond that Arst begin- ning which he regards as merely the furnishing of a tool by which the masses can work out their sal- ration

"What China needs," he told this. writer in one of his brief halts in Shanghai while journeying from project to project, "is not western- ization. Imposed from above; it is

modernization expressing the ac- quisition of a scientific viewpoint on the part of the people da a whole.

*

THE FIRST TOOL

"We need education In its deep- est sense-a aynamic thlug, re- making the people so that they can become a true nation. In teaching the people to read and write at the outset we did not educate them, but merely gave them a tool" with which they might educate them- selves to a solution of their pro- blems.

Only through that can lasting good come, and a real nation develop."

Four stages were traced by Mr. Yen as the historic development through which the new-expanded Tinghsien experiment has pro- gressed,

declared Mr. Yen, gesticulating with his fine and sensitive hands and finally rising to his feet in the earnestness which he so clearly telt in every fiber of his being...

"We release the mind. It has been our task. first, to help create a scientiac mentality among the 360,000,000 people who make up | 'China's farming class—and who in effect make up the real China;' second, to organize the people to help themselves rather than try to help them by giving them a rew scholars and researchers."

This led naturally to a third stage, that of local government re- form, for. as Mr. Yen says, "it 19 no use in teaching a farmer to produce more and then let à dis- honest, squeezing magistrate take it all away from him."

TAX MACHINE

In past years, as Mr. Yen put it, the Chinese local government has had two functions to be a tax- collecting machine and to try člvfl and criminal cases. Now it must be modernized; its functions purifi- ed and extended. Mr. Yen and his associates have sought to work out new plans for local government

and at the same time to cause the people to demand that they get what they need in local govern- ment. There is no direct attack On individuals. but rather an evolution in line with the general education and improvement of the people's lot.

First, there was the iterary stage. This was started with the thousand-character movement. It Finally there has come a fourth has been picked up in many quar-stage, now reached, of expansion ters and the Government is now from the original limited "labora- carrying on a national programme. tory add personal training of There are 20 or 30 Chinese text- workers to carry out the new ideas books for instruction along the on a broader scale, as in Hunan Hines Mr. Yeh atarted, including

and Szechuan. one on the "8an Min Chu I" or Three Doctrines of Dr. Mun Yat- Ben. In other words, the work of combating almost universal 11lit- eracy is now well under way, in many and capable hands:

London, Sept. 13. A" Rome

states press message that Count Ciano, when he received

RURAL RECONSTRUCTION the proposals of the Nyon Con- ference from the British and Second, there came the rural French Charge D'Affaires to-day, ❘ construction stage, in which Ting- halen admirably played its part as promised an early reply.

a social laboratory. This included development of credit and sales co- operatives, instruction in improved farming methods, a socialized plan of public health work, and similar enterprises all based on the theory that the people themselves must learn to seek these things, and ac-

"In conference circles in Geneva it is expected the agreement will be signed at Nyon" at the latest on Wednesday- British Wireless.

OPERATION ON

QUEEN ALEXANDRA

an am-

Skagen, Denmark, Sept. 14., Queen Alexandra underwent an A new fire alarm system, design- ed to eliminate false calls due to internal operation after a sudden technical faults, and involving removal to hospital in about 9,000 miles of needless runs bulance. King Christian was pre- by are engines each year, has sent to the hospital at the time of undergone a satisfactory trial in the operation. The bulletin has En important London area, and not mention of her condition after extension of the system to the the operation.-

whole of London is likely. The new system is of the closed cir- cult code signalling type in which ali apparatus street boxes, gonx, records and "batter-form a single circuit.

Pulling the handle at the box cause a code number to be punched on the tape machine at the fre station making a permanent recora while the bell rings in the watch room, the word fire is illuminated on the switchboard and red lamps flash.— Britich Wireless. »

Reuter,

Ex-President Masaryk Seriously Ill

Accordingly, the new task has been taken up. Tinghslen is being left in the Charge of a Harvard | graduate, C. C. Chen, At Heng- shan, Hunan, Dr. 8. Y. Chu is to be director. C. 6. Chen is in charge for Szechuan, with headquarters at Chengtu and Haintu as the experi- mental "hslen" that unit existing in China to the number of 1,800 or more and taking in 80 per cent of the total population.

Mr. Yen's plan ls' always to use the hsien as base and to use this as a centre for spreading the work out.

The hsler government is no longer to be a mere tax-collecting machine, but, rather, an instru- ment for carrying out the pro- quire them voluntarily rather than

gramme, Including four points of having them bestowed from above education, agricultural and econo- upon an ignorant, probably unwil-mic improvement, fostering of rural

·ling" peasantry,

"Mental stagnation rather thau ignorance has been the trouble,"

di

DR. MASARYK

London, Sept. 13. The latest bulletin received "In London on Dr. Masaryk's condition states there is no change.

He does not appear to be in pain, but his general condition is ~Prague, Sept. 17 regarded as very serious News Ex-President Masaryk who has papers, which show the utmost been ill for some time, was uncon-solicitude for the former President scious to-day with his temperature who enjoys the greatest esteem and rising. President Benes and the respect in all circies bers, promin-

bulletins Prime Minister remained in his re-ently reproduce sidence all night long-

Prague.-* Reuter's Bulletiíi Servicé.

British Wircles.

from

health, and ̈ political training to- ward true citizenship-From the "Christian Science Monitor."

POPE ASSISTS

Catholic Missionaries In Shanghai

Rome, Sept. 13.

His Holiness the Pope has given a sum of money, the amount of which has not been disclosed, but which is stated-to-be considerables- for the assistance of Catholic mis- sionaries in Shanghai.

The Vatican, has also sent money to assist missionaries in their work at Paiping on behalf of Chinese refugees „Reuter.