1937-02-27 — Page 11

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الله

HONG KONG DAILY PRESS. SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1937.

JAPANESE PLAN DEFENCES OF SINGAPORE

OF

OVERLORDSHIP Impregnable From The Sea

Col. Roosevelt's Warning

ATTITUDE OF THE UNITED STATES

These lasted three days and were taken part in by 30,000 men of the Navy. 90 warplanes, and 7,000 troops on land.

SINGAPORE, Saturday. The impregnability of Singapore fortress to direct sea attacks, tie, efficacy of the flying-boat patrols, and the vulnerability of invading aircraft-carriers appear to be the most important lessons of the re- cent. manoeuvres, writes a cor- Japan's attitude to the Phil.p-respondent in a London journal. pine Islands was discussed recently by Col. Theodore Roosevelt in a lecture at London University of the Watson Chair Foundation of the Sulgrave Manor Board.

The greatest fear seems to be in Col."Roosevelt's subject was "The regard to a surprise air attack. Colonial Polley of the United Sta-The operations also demonstrated the speed and reliability with tes."

"Japan has set out to make her- which it was possible to rush air self overlord of Asia," said Col. reinforcements to. Singapore from Roosevelt. "Her 30,000.000 people India and Iraq. whence 47 bombers, and highly-developed war machine Dying-boats, and troop-carriers ar- are directed towards this goal. Irived. believe the Philippines are a neces-

manoeuvres showed the

The

sary adjunct to the Japanese sche-wisdom of the RAF's plan for ex- me. They lle athwart the trade tending its network of aerodromes routes over which comme many of the Far East the goods necessary to maintain the Japanese people."

Col. Roosevelt added that Japan would make no move while the United States still had a resident commissioner and military reserva- tions in the island. There was no

object in their risking a clash with the United States when waiting a few years would obviate this.

FILIPINOS' BELIEF

He feared that the Filipinos be-

VIGILANT AIR PATROLS

membered that the air-arm of real enemy would be vastly strong- er than one aircraft-carrier.

The operatations show that it is essential to modernise the Fleet Air Arm, but it is dimcult to see how it is possible to overcome the vulnerability of aircraft-carriers.

These are not only. dificult to manoeuvre but also, if their decks are damaged by bombs or if they develop a list after being tor- pedoed, they cannot be rejoined by their own planes.

Tacticians belleve that in the event of a war, the fleet Air Arm planes would rarely return, to their carriers.

The exercises fully tested the air and the naval patrols, in which the volunteer mits

were pro minent.

In addition, the mobile artillery and searchlight units, machine" gunners, and infantry, including the Malay and 2nd Punjab Regi- ments were in action.

Although the exercises includ It is significant that few navaled landings by parties from war- units reached the coast unobserved ships several factors make It Virtually impossible for invaders to land."

by the air patrols.

One aircraft-carrier was sighted 220 miles from Singapore, and after

PLAN OF THE MANOEUVRES being shadowed for five hours by a ny-boat was attacked by torpedo-that an imaginary independent The plan of the manoeuvres was bombers before it could launch any

State 1,200 miles south-east of 'planes.

clent feet, was launching an at- Stogapore, with a small but eff

tack on the fortress with which it had previously been friendly,

Another squadron again attacked the vessel, also with complete auc- lieved the United States would en-cess. It was judged good tactics to bark on war in order to protect withhold the attack on the air- them.

craft-carrier until within 150 miles of Singapore.

COL Roosevelt, expressed diabe- llef in the wisdom of the United

States policy of independence for the Philippine Islands.

+

He did not belleve in the Inde-

pendence Bill. It would not help, but hurt, the Filipinos, whose best interests would have been served by working towards dominion sta-

tus.

The attacking planes, guided by radio, and the Dying-boat patrol flew high, and swooping down with the glare of the sun in the enemy's eyes, took the vessel completely unawares.

There had been no declaration of war, but Singapore warned the 200 miles It would be regarded as feet that if any approach within

a hostile act.

On the second day, patrols locat- miles limit, and small parties which ed enemy ships within the 200

landed from destroyers The same tactics were employedpelled with heavy loss. by the second squadron. Each time the aircraft-carrier was heavily Speaking of the economic hard-bombed and torpedoed. ships in store for the Philippines when independence takes her out- side the American tarif wall, Col. Roosevelt, said that when he was Governor-General he saw that in dependence was probably inevit- able, and had investigations made the possiblity of developing Philippine products sulfable world markets. "I had no success," he declared.

oľ

DOUBTFUL ASSETS

were TC-

an air combat on the third day. The operations were confined to

That night landing parties got AIR ARM MORAL

ashore, at several points on the Although the ship had been "de- coastline, but before daylight the stroyed," the Fleet Air Arm launch-defences had got the upper hand.

The invading transports were led bombing raids on the air base.

bombed and torpedoed from the naval base, and other objectives on

air, and the attacking fleet retired Singapore Island as exercises.

under cover of smoke screens after difficulty of Owing

war-time for simulating

conditions completely it would be unwise to draw conclusions to readily from the manoeuvres. It must be re-

Col. Roosevelt asked if Colonial He possessions were worth while. believed that the average nazion,

to the

particularly in modern times, had H.M.S. MALAYA

got but little benefit out of Colonial possessions.

IN COLLISION

The first plea that was urged in the past, and was still urged to- day, was that an outlet for surplus

H.M.S. Malaya, the 31,000 ton population was necessary. The

battleship, which was recommls- falsity of that was indicated by

stoned only last month after a re- figures, which showed an almost fit costing nearly £1,000,000 has to aegligible flow of emigrants to co return to Portsmouth from Por lories belonging to France, Italy,tuguese waters for repairs follow- England and Japan.

France had obtained from 1829ing a collision, states the "Dally

Telegraph."

vet Franc's colonies were a doubt- ful asset

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W

to 1935 about 20 per cent of her In thick fog, the battleship was total trade from her possessions, but in collision with a Dutch steamer, when all was considered he belle-the Kertosono (7,323 tons), off Leixoes, few miles north of Oporto. There were no casualties. In the 20 years preceding the war

According to a report received Germany had spent 1,022,000,000 in Rotterdam by the owners of the marks, not counting contingent ex- Kertosono, a large hole was torn penses,

and the total trade was in the ship's stern above the water only 972,000,000 marks.

Italy hadne. spent infinitely more than she had realised, and so had Japan.“

Great Britain's figures showed a general trend: possessions that were not in the Dominion status were

playing an ever smaller part in Bri-

'tish trade.

Far-sighted colonial policies of the future might possibly contain a still further objecttive-the or ganisation of a dissimilar people on a dominion status. That might be the ultimate answer to many of the vexations problems that con- fronted the world to-day.

£137,509,900

ARMS ORDERS

Re-armament orders amounting

"The vessel, which was in no dañ- ger, headed for port, the Malaga standing by until the Kertosonu

was safe

At the time of the accident the Malaya was on her way to join the Mediterranean Fleet:

The Malaya belongs to the Queen wiizabeth class and w built in 1913, the cost of £3,000,000 being defrayed by the Federated Malay States.

CASUALTIES AT JUTLAND She was present at the battle of Jutland in which she was seriously damaged and had heavy casual- ties.

In 1931 she was involved in a slight collision off Gibraltar with the

battleship Warspite, but to £137,509,900 were placed by the neither vessel was damaged, Later Government between April i and De in the same year she was hit by cember 31, £31,884,000 being placed a dummy torpedo during practice in the special and distressed areas. manoeuvres. in the Mediterranean Sir Thomas Inskip, Defence Co- and went into Devonport.dockyard ordination Minister, gave this in-for repairs.

formation recently in a written In October, 1934. she was paid reply, to Mr. William John Stewart off for a big reft, which included (Con, South Belfast).

:

Sir Thomas said he could not give the actual expenditure on the re-armament programme without an incommensurate amount of labour, but he could give the value of orders placed between April and December 31.

"Certain items of normal ex penditure are included in those figures, as it is not possible to separate them," he added,..

new machinery, extra armour pro- tection and additional anti-air- craft equipment. This work took over two years.

"She was recommissioned, under the command of Capt. F. A. Buck- 1ley for service with the Mediter

ranean Ffect, which is shortly to undergo a similar rent." DA

The last occasion on which a British capital ship was in collision was Jan. 23, 1935. While exercising "The figures do not include the off the Spanish coast that day, the sums authorised for expenditure by battle cruisers Hood and Renown his - Majesty's - ship and naval colllded, the latter receiving - dam- establishments."

age to her bows.

long-range engagements with cruisers and the fortress guns.

EVERYBODY'S

Favourite

SOLITY

to him

"BLACK&WHITE"

THOSE WHO KNOW, SAY IT'S THE SCOTCH.

NOTICE

The Annual General Meeting will be held in

Messrs. Jardine. Matheson's Board Room on Friday, March 5th, 12 noon.

Sir William Hornell, C. I. E. has kindly consented to take the chair.

HONGKONG BENEVOLENT SOCIETY

11, Ice House Street..

NOW ON SALE NOW

DIRECTORY & CHRONICLE

OF THE FAR EAST

CHINA, JAPAN, MALAYA, PHILIPPINÉ ISLANDS, INDO-CHINA, NETHERLANDS INDIA, ETC.

(Published by The. Hong Kong Daily Press, Ltd.) First Edition 1862, revised and enlarged annually

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