Page
J
h
Dar
PAGE FOR
EDUCATION OR LEARNING?
(BY
"SCRUTATOR")
entire educational system has been until very recent (PORTS, based upon the
ancient mediaeval tradition of the Schoolmen, Education and learning have been regarded as synonymons, to the defeat of every true purpose of education. Even la America and Britain where the new psychology has made very rapid strides in the transformation of man's other activities and thoughts, the educational processes in these coun- tries have been slow to change. Hence the tremendous diffentitles which the youth of to-day are experiencing, in reconciling and adapting themselves to the world fato which they move on lexy- ing school,
MONEY WELL SPENT? Despite the considerable amount of money, which while it is not half what is spent or armaments, absorbs a considerable part of the British annual income from taxa- tjuri, there yet remains in the popular, mind an irreligious indit- fertile to the results obtained. Indeed, when education is men- tioned in polities and in newspu- pers, it is nearly always considèr- ed in terms of money.
Whether we spend more or less seems to make up the entire issue In the minds of the majority.
The position is as ridiculous as that of the woman who values d dress simply because of the amount of money it costs, or of the man who
when questioned
papers and journals of the less costly sort, and most important of all the cinema, have done and are doing far more to Jorm and stimulate the minds and tmagina- tions of the younger generation to-day than all our elementary school put together.
WASTED EFFORT AND WEALTR
What then are we to conclude from this state of affairs? Only one primary thing, that the money and energy devoted to public and private education is as good as wasted!
The weakness of the system lies not in the teaching methods nor the intellectual and cultural qual- fleations of the majority of teach- ers, but in the fundamental idea, the controlling purpose of he system. Learning, as education | has failed; and the essential pur- pose of the latter has not yet been clearly defined. Learning, accord-
the mediaeval idea, and
concerning the value of his car. can only say that it costs him so many huldred pounds. Now what- ever may be thought on the ques- Hou of the cost of education, an impartial observer cannot fall to conclude that even the amount al-Ing. to 'ready being spent is not as pro- rightly so, was the province of the ductive as it should and could be. It is tard to see the modern youth or girl as a product of nine or twelve years of enlightened educa- tion. Without even the superficial veneer' 'which used to denote the scholar our young “things” of to- day are turned loose upon the world facking even a scholastic ambition to guide them,
I selected few, but education for
life is the right of everybody.
One is often inclined to think that a dog will give its pups a bet- ter training.
Surely the object of all rational "education is to enable the indivi- dual to make the best of his life in every true and worthy sense, This 'can only be attained by a truly re- #glous education, an education which developes the mind and the body so that their owners, by a clear understanding of thier limi- tations, may harmonise with, and In a sense, master, their environ- ment.
!!
IDEALISM NEEDED
Now the average young thing which leaves school, even in this colony, has very little to show, in the shape of Idehis of life, techni- cal knowledge for life, nor even have they any intelligent under- standing of literature beyond the type of book which provides them with the
vicarious sense of suc- ceas a succèss which is empty of concrete content which they coret. In short, they have no- thing which help them in any way to become intelligent citizens of a democratic state.
The free Ubraries, the many varieties of cheap. books, news
Theoretical knowledge to be or value, for most of us, most be strictly related to practical things within the ambit of our expérience. Education must be alive, not just practicalised
HONG KONG DAILY PRESS. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1936.
THE CHURCHES
ST. JOHN'S CATHEDRAL
}
Znd. Sunday in Advent.
and
| 8.00 am. Holy Communion.
And in the Peak Church" 10.000 am. Kindergarten
(Children's Service, 11.00 a.m. Choral Eucharist
Preacher: Rev. H. W. Baines. 6.30 p.m. Evensong.
Preacher: Rev. N. V. Haiward, "The Coming of Christ" isalah IL and Jonah,
Week-days
Holy Communion
is celebrated
Tuesday, Thursday and Satur day at 7.30 a.m.
Wednesday, at 7.30 am in the Peak Church.
Friday at 7,45 am da Canto- nese;.
Prayers for the sick, Wednesday 10.15 am.
OTHER NOTICES
Monaus. December 7th, 3 p.m. Womch's Guild Meeting. Cathe- dral Hall.
EVENING SERMONS at 6.30 p.. "The Coming of Christ.”
A course of sermons on this title will be preached for Christ- mas. Studles from the Old Testame ment will be:-
·
Dec. 13th. Wisdom and Jon Dec. 20th. Maccabees and Dg-
nlel
Des. 27th. Cathedral Sunday.
CHRISTMAS PLAY; Masefeld's "Coming of Christ" will be given on Dec. 22nd and 23rd. ut 9.15 Please remember the dates.
UNION CHURCH·
i
Morning Service 10.30 a.m. Even ing Service 6 p.m. Preacher 11 both services Rev. K Mackenzie Dow.'
The Sacrament of the Lord's Supper will be celebrated at the close of the Evening Service. to produce mere There will be a meeting of the wage-slaves, but a living vital ex- Ladies' Committee in the Church perience which the individual, once | Hall on Monday December 7th at introduced, will willingly undertake 10 am for himself.
"The too exclusively intellectual scholasticism of the courses of teaching
and examinations in schools and universities must be unfrozen," argued Sir Michael Sadler, at a recent Public Health Congress-In other words, educa tion must be made beautiful, pro- viding, in the words of Froebel, for "the free expression of what is the child's soul."
Self-control
11
The S.A.C.A. meets in the Church Hall on Tuesday evening at 7.30 a.m..
The Helena May Christian Fel- lowship meets in the Institute on Friday morning at 10.30 am. The speaker will be. Rev. Geoffrey Al- len, of Canton, who will give ย talk ол "Psychology and the Family.
The following are the forthcom-,
at Ing services
the Catholic Cathedral, Calne Road: December 8th-Second Sunday of
Advent.
and self-adjust CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL ment, courage and love of truth. these are the most important con- siderations of any system 01 education, and what we need to- day is a clear recognition of these ends, and of the obstacles which stand in the way of their attain- ment." Such an attainment can- come from irreligious men and women, nor from a society which is irreligious in its attitude and in its alms and ambitions.
It will be achieved when every man and woman, demands for their children pot just the right to
not
means of livelihood, but when they demand the world and God as their own, inalienably and for- ever.
ENGLISH METHODIST W. Sprague. Hon. Secretary or
CHURCH
Queen's Road East, Wanchai. Hong Kong
2nd Sunday in Advent, 6th- December, 1936.
from the Secretary, S. & S. Home. 1' 5. Vocational
Training Time Table. Marine Engineering, Tues- daya and Thursdays 1800-2000; Electrical
Installation, Tuesday,
and Thursdays. 1800-1930; (Prae- tical) Mondaya and Fridays, 1745-1015; Motor "A" Class, Mon- Morning Order of Service by days, Wednesdays and Fridays Rev. Erris Tribbeck at 10.15. Eng-1930-2100: "B" Class, Tuesdays and lish Methodist Church opposite Thursdays P.N. Hospital.
3
for both
1930-2100. Driving classes 1.3 per Hymes No: 74 (Cerontius)," $64 | Schedule; Radio, Tuesdays and (Bt. Oswald), 228 (Austria), 521 (Eastergate), 578 (Cambridge).
Fridays 1916-2015; Practical Car- pentry, Mondays Wednesdays, and Lessons: Isalah (E) 2, Revela. ↑ Fridays 1800-2100; Bhorthand and, tion 2, 1-17,
Typewriting, Mondays, Wednes- Evening Order of service by days and Fridays 1730-1830; Book- Rev. Erris Tribbeck, at 7.16 Eng-keeping & Accountancy, Tuesdays lah "Methodist Church opposite and Fridays 1915-2015; Foreign RIN. Hospital.
Languages, German, Tuesdays and Hymns No: 668 (Angel Voices), | Fridays 2015-2115, French Mon- 731 (Coena Domini), 524 (Old | days, 1830-1930, 2000-2100. Hymn Book), 604 (8£. Fulbert).
Notices for the Week.
1. Holy Communion on Sunday, 8th December at 11.15 am.
2. Devotional Class meets on Tuesdays at 8.30 p.m. in the Church Vestry.
Preliminary Notice. Sunday, 13th December will be observed sa the anniversary of the building of our Church in 1893. Members and friends of the Church are asked to make it a day of special thanks- giving. Our offerings to date have 3. Camera Club-Provides Dark reached only half we estimated Room for developing, printing, en- figure for the year ending Decem- harging, etc. Further information | ber 31, 1936, and our friends are can be obtained from the Hon. Be- asked kindly to mark this anniver- cretary of the Club, Mr. AMM. | zary Sunday, by special offerings. Stephen, on Thursday nights from The Rev. A. E. Bṛay, M.A., B.D.,. 8,90 onwards..
General Superintendent, of the South China. District of the Met- hodist Church preacher,
4 Badaunton Club meets on Mondays and Thuradays at 7.30 p.m. Further particulars from Mr.
{
Solemn Celebration of the Feast of the immaculate Conception, Patrun of the Cathedral Morning services.
!
1st Mass at & 2nd Mass at 8 with sermon 1
Chinese
3rd Mass at 10.30, Solemn Pontifical Мавм by H.E. Bishop H Valtorta. Evening services:
3.30, Solemn Vespers. 4.-Benediction of the Blessed
Sacrament.
December 7th-St. Ambrose, Bis- hop and Doctor of the Church. 8th-The Immaculate December
Conception, Hotyday of Obligaron Masses as on, Sundays. At 3.30 p.m., Rosary and Bene-
diction of the Blessed Sacra- ment.
On week days Mass at § and 7.30. Confessions morning and evening.
UNION CHURCH
KOWLOON
Preacher on Sunday The Minister.
Sunday School, 10 am. I'
· Morning Worship, 11 a.m. | Bermon: "A Family Need". Holy Communion. Evening Worship, 6.30 p.m. Sermon: Salvation: Blood and
Water.
The Week's Announcements: Monday, 8.45 p.m.--Fellowship of
Thought, Tuesday, 6 pm-Children's Re-
hearsal. Wednesday,
10 am-Women's Guild: Speaker Adjutant Brazier, Salvation Army.
3 p.m. Mah Jong Drive.
6.30 p.m. Fellowship Recollection. 8.45 Y. P. 8. Christmas Play
Reading
Friday, 3.30 pm Guid of Child
ren.
be the
5.45 p.m. Teacher's Claw. 8.45 p.m. Choir Practics.
ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH
(Church Of England)
BIBLE SOCIETY SUNDAY The Rev. G. K. Carpenter to Preach at Evensong The following are the Services etc, for the forthcoming week at St. Andrew's Church, Kowloon, Sunday. 6th December. Second Sunday in Advent. Bible So- ciety Sunday.
י
Holy Communion, 8.16 ..
Matins and Sermon il am. Preacher: The Vicar (Rev. J. R.
Higgu).
ST. ANDREW'S
XMAS TREE FUND
(To the Editor,Hong Kong
CHRISTIAN SCIENCE LESSON SERMON
First Church of Christ, Scientist,
Hont Bons
Subject: God The Only Cause and Creator.
The subject of the Lesson Sermon to all Churches of Christ, Scientist. to-morrow, December 8, will be 'God the only Cause and Creator.", The Golden Text will be: "I am
Daily Fres")
Sir.-Would you be good enoug to allow me to bring to the notice the Lord that maketh all things; of your readers a scheme for that stretcheth" forth te heavens unifying Christmas charitable ef- alone; that spreadeth abroad the tors, which is being put forward at earth by myself." (Isalah 44: 24) St. Andrew's Church, Kowloon?
Among others, the A decorated and illuminated citations from the Bible will be following Tree will be placed in the grounds read: "There is therefore now no In full view of Nathan Road and condemnation to them which are donations are invited to what is
In Christ Jesus, who walk not after to be known a "St. Andrew's the flesh, but after the Spirit. For Christmas Tree Fund," These If ye live after the flesh, ye shall donations," which may be sent to die: but if ye through the Spirit 'me at St. Andrew's Vicarage, Kow- do mortify the deeds of the body. loon, or placed in a box below the ye shall live. For as many as are Christmas Tree Itself, will be used led by the Spirit of God, they are directly to asist the poor of the the sons of God. For ye" have not Preacher:-The Rev. G. K. Car-Colony, either through St. An- received the spirit of bondage again Benevolent Fund which to tear; but ye have received the tries to help anyone irrespective of Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry. race or creed, the year round, or Abba, Father. The Spirit itself if the donor wishes, to any other beareth' witness with our spirit. local charity, according as the that we are the children of God. donation is earmarked. Gifts in Beloved, now are we the sons of kind are also welcomed, and child-God, and it doth not yet appear ren are invited to bring toys to a what we shall be: but we shall special Toy Service in the grounds know that, when he shall appear. of the Church on Wednesday Dec. we shall be like him, for we shall 23rd. at 6 p.m. in front of the illu-
see him as he 18." (Romon 8:1, Iminated Christmas Tree.
13-16. 1 John 3:2).
The collection for this service will be given to the British and Foreign Bible Society: Evensong and Sermon 8.15 p.m.
penter. Warden of St. John's Hostel, the University, and secretary to the C.M.S. for for South China. Young People's Service 8.43 a.m.
Leader, Miss Steele.
Kindergarten Sunday School 10
t.m..
Leaders-Miss J. Booker and
Mlas. Smith. Primary Sunday School 10' a.m.
Leader: Mrs. J. R. Higgs. Monday.-Fellowship of Youth
Dom.
8:
Speaker The Vicar. St. Andrew's Club "open night"
9 p.m.
p.m.
drew's
It is hoped, among other things, to provide a party for some of the clude the following passages from The Lesson Sermon will also in- poorest Chinese of the Colony "as was done last year, and to disScience and Health with Key to the Christian Science textbook, tribute warm clothing amongst the poorest of the folk -
on the Junks and sampans.
128
the Scriptures" by Mary Baker Eddy: The conceptions of mor
to the ideal of all that is perfect and eternal Through many gen- beliefs will be
erations human
Tuesday.-Brownle Pack 3.30 p.m. Wednesday-Wolf Cubs 5.30 p.m.
Rover Scouts 9.45 pm.
I am hoping that the scheme tals, erring thought must give way Thusday. Women's Fellowship 3 will capture the imagination of all
of us as the Christmas Season..ap proaches. Most of feet we would like to help those less for tunately situated than ourselves, but often have great difdeulty in knowing just how to give that help. Such a scheme as I have outlined above will assist us to do so.
Speaker: Mrs. A. J. Bennitt. St. Andrew's Club "open night""
9 p.m. Friday Full Choir Practice, 6.30
p.ko.
Saturday.-All-Day Retreat. Con- ducted by the Rev. F. Short, Principal of the Ying Wan College.
EMMANUEL MISSION
CHURCH
(UNDENOMINATIONAL)
(Rev.). J. R. HIGGS. St. Andrew's Vicarage, Kowloon," December 4, 1936.
attaining-diviner conceptions, and the immortal and perfect model of God's creation will inally be seen as the only true conception of that there is but one creator, God. being. Spiritually to understand
unfolds all greation, confirms the Scriptures, brings the sweet assur- ance of no parting, no pain, and of man deathless and perfect and eternal. God, the divine Principle of mag, and man in God's likeness
ST. TERESA'S "CHURCH are inseparable, harmonious, and
KOWLOON TONG The following are the Services for the week át Emmanuel Mission
The following are the services. Church, 218 Nathan Road, Kow-t, for the forthcoming week at loon:-
'Teresa's Church, Kowloon
Saturday, 8.30 p.m. Fellowatiip Meeting followed by the Lord's Bupper. Subject, "What to Pray for" (Ephesians 1: 17- 231.
Sunday, 11.00 a.m. Divine Ser- vice. Subject, The glory of the Old Testament”. Text. "If they (The careless men of the
Moses World) hear not
and the Prophets, nelther will they be persuaded, even if one rise from the dead!" (St. Luke 16: 31).
Sunday, 3.00 pm. Sunday school: Young Women's Bible Class. "Young Men's Bible Class. Sunday. 6.30 p.m. Divine Service
preceded by Song Service ab 8.00 p.m. Preacher Dr. H. L Clift. Subject. "What the Lord can do for your Boal Text. "The Lord looseth the prisoners; The Lord openeth the eyes of the blind; The Lord ralseth up them that are bowed down". (Psalm 146;
7,8).
St.
Tong: Saturday, Dec. 5-St. Sabas, Abb.
At 7.30 am. Mass a triduum will begin in preparation for the Feast of the Immaculate Con-
ception. Sunday, Dec. 6-2nd Sunday in Advent-Soleman Celebration of the Feast of the Immaculate Conception.
7 a.m.:First mass with sermon in
Chinese.
eternal. The Science of being tur nishes the rule of perfection, and Brings immortality to light, God and man are not the same, but in the order of divine Science. God
and man coexist and are eternal. God is the parent Mind, and man Is God's spiritual offspring. When we learn the, way in Christian Science and recognize man's spiri- tual being, we shall behold and un-
Gerstand God's creation,--all the glörles of earth and heaven", and man. (Pages 260, 69, 336, 264).
Announcement. (Branches of The Mother Church, The First Church of Christ Scien- tist in Boston, Mass.) Macdonnel Road Tram Station, Sunday Service
8 a.m.; Second Mass with sermon
in Eriglish. General communion, of the Chil- 11.15 2.I. Testimony Meeting,
dren of Mary followed by a Wednesday, 6 p.. meeting in the Parochial Hall, 8.45 a.m.: Sunday School for Mexican Boys at the Maryknoll Convent School.
·9.30 a.m.: Third mass with ser- mon in English by Rev. Fr. A Granelli followed by Benedic- of the Most Bleased Sacrament.
tion
Collections at the church doors will be made before and after the masses the proceeds of which will be entirely devoted to the St. Tere- sa's Conference of the St. Vincent de Paul Society. Monday. Dec. 7--St. Bishop and Doctor.
A Reading Room is located at Bank of East Asta Buildings, 10 Des Voeux Road Central, and is open daily, except Wednesdays and Saturdays: 10.30 a.m. to 2 pm 5 pm to 7 pm. Wednesdays 10.30 am to 2 pm. Saturdays 10.30 am to 12.30 p.m. All authorised Christian Science literature is available at the Read-
ing Room. The public is cordially invited to a tend the Services and visit the Reading Room.
Ambrose, CATHEDRAL ORGANIST
Monday. 7.45 p.m. S.A.C.A. Black-
board Meeting. Wednesday, 8.00 p.m. Praise and Prayer Meeting, and Mission- ary Talk.
10.30 Thursday,
a.m. Women's Tuesday, Dec. 8-Feast of the Im-. Bible Study Circle.
maculate Conception-Holyday Thursday. 8.00 p.m. Bible Study
of Obligation. Curele for Service men and
their friends,
Friday, 6.15 p.m. Sunday School
Teachers' Preparation.
13
The Services are open to all. No Collection on Sunday Even-
ing.
KOWLOON TONG ANGLICAN CHURCH
(3 Duke Street)
Še pred p
Garden Fete This Afternoon The following are the Services and Notices for the forthcoming week:-
December 5, 2nd Bunday in Ad-
vent, 7.15 a.m.-Holy Communion. 9.30 am. Mattins and Child- ren's Service. Freached; Mr. R. Ashton Hill.
6.30 p.m.Evensong and Bermon.
Preacher: Mr. G. S. She.. Practices for Christmas Carola and Hymns will be held in the Church House on the Wednesdays, Dec. 9, 16 and 23 at 8 pm All interested are invited to attend and lend their voices.
6.30 am: First Mass. 7.30 am: Second Mass.
9.30 s.m.; Third Mass followed by Benediction of the Most Bless- ed Sacrament. 5.45 p.m.; Solemn Reception of
the Children of Mary.
8 p.m.: Sermon-Prayer of Con- secration of China to the Blessed Virgin followed by Benediction of the Most Bless- ed Sacrament.
8.15 p.n.: Meeting of the mem- bers of the Active Bervice Unit.
Wednesday, Dec. 9-St. Leocadia,
Virgin and Martyr. Thursday, Dec. 10 St. Eulalia,
Virgin and Martyr. Friday, Dec. 11-8t. Damascus. Saturday, Dec. 12 The last Gene- ral Meeting for the members of the Bt. Teresa's Chinese Young Men's Boclety. Confessions are heard daily be- fore and after both masses in Chi- ness English, French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese.
ST. FRANCIS OF ASSIST To-day-The General Assembly of the Third Order of St. Francis. will be held at the Bt. Francis
AT 28
Mr. Gerald Bocken Knight, organist uf St. Augustine's Church Queen's-gate. London, has been appointed organist and Master of the Choristers, Canterbury Cathe- dral. He is 2a.
Home for Street Bleepers at No. 70. Taipo Road, Shumshuí- pu. All members are earnest- ly requested to attend as mi- portant announcements. re- garding St. Francis Home will be made. Monday Dec. 7-A Fast day for all members of the Third Order of St. Francis, being, the Eve of the Immaculate Conception. Tuesday, Dec. B-Feast of the Im- maculate Conception. Opening of Bt. Francis Home for Street Bleepers. All members are in- vited to attend the Blessings ou the new premises and Fran- discan Crown will be recited Time from 7 pm to 9 pm. Thursday, Dec, 10- Return of Mr. LA Barton, Vice-President ana Becretary of the Congre- gazion
WHAT IS
BAPTISM?
[The Editor, "Hong Kong Dally
Press"} Dear Sir.
First of all we must bear in mind that the baptism of CYLLITMTMTM Lord Jesus Christ is much higher than St. John's baptism. This is evident from the Acts of Apostles, chapt. 19. vv. 1-7: "And it came. to pass, while Apollo was at Corinth, that Paul having passed through the upper coasts,
came to Ephesus, and round certain disciples. And he said to them* Have you received the Holy Ghost since ye belleved? But they sald to him: We have not so much as Holy heard whether there be a Ghost. And he said: In what. then were yoù baptized? Who said: In John's baptism. Then Paul said; John baptized the people with the baptism of pen- ance, saying: That they should believe in him who was to come after him, that is to say, in Jesus. Having heard these things, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. And when Paul had imposed his hands on them, the Holy Ghost came upon them, and they spoke with
tongues and prophesied. And all the men were about twelve"
the
The baptism of our Lord Jesus Christ is then a door to receive the Holy Ghost by the imposition of hands, because it makes us mem- bers of the Redeemer in spiritual body of His Church. Fence St. Paul says to the Gala- tians, chapt 3,.vv. 26-27: You are all the children' of God by faith, in Christ Jesus. For as many of you as nava been baptized in Christ, have put on Christ.".
Baptism is necessary to salva- tion according to the testimony of our Saviour "Ee that believeth and is baptized, shall be saved." (St. Mark.ch. 16, v. 16).
Little children are by no means exempted from the obligation of receiving Baptism, but they are under the power of their parents, who are to procure it to them. This obligation was expressed by our Lord when He said: "Going therefore, teach re all nations: baptizing them in le name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost." (St. Matthew, cn. 28, v. 19). For this sponsors are chosen for the cere- mony of christening babies, tha1 they may teach them-when they attain the use of reason--the dos- trine and commandments ol God.
TESSON
Indeed children before the age of reasoning have no personal sin in this life, and shall not have torment In the life to come; yet they shall never enter into the Kingdom of Heaven, unless they are baptized: "Unless a man be born again of water and the Holy Ghost, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God." (St. John, ch.. 3, v. 5).
Consequently no harm is done Heaven.
to an intant by christening it. since it is put on the way.to.
AN AVERAGE CHRISTIAN.
ROSARY CHURCH
The following are the forthcom- ing Services, etc. at the Rosary
loon:
Church, 20 Chatham Road, Kow-
Sunday, December 29.--2nd Bun-"
day in Advent. At 6.30, Mass with sermon in..
Chinese
J
At 7.30, Mass with sermon in Eng-
19th,
At 8.30, Mass with sermon in Por-
tuguess.
At 9.30 Boleman High Mass in honour of St. Francis Xavier with sermon in English, fol lowed by the Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament.
At 2 p.m., Catechism in Chinese. At 230 p.m., Benediction of the
Blessed Sacrament.
From 2.15 to 4 p.m., Sunday-
School
Tuesday, Dec: 8-Feast of the Im- maculate Conception of the B.V.M (Holyday of Obliga- tion).
34
Lów Mass at 6:30. Choral Mass at 130 Low Masses at 8.30 and 9,30. Sermon and Benediction at 5
(The Children of Mary, are re-
*w'd
quested to attend in uniform: the 7.30 Mass and the Evening Service.)
Friday, December 11.-Meeting of
the C.G.Y,WS. at 5.30 p.m On week-day Mass at 0,30 and
7.30.
"CATHOLIO NEWS AND NOTES
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