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AIR POWER: THE KEY-II.
#
The
FAR SHORT OF PARITY.
Vision Or Blindness.
A Searchlight On The Truth.
էլ
(BY BRIGADIER-GENERAL P. R. G. GROVES, C.R.. C.M.G., D.S.O.)
London, Feb. 9. strength in Europe to-day. As for
during
the position this time next year, i seventeen years which Great Britain pursued af she continues to execute her polley of one-sided disarmament witnessed the concurrent and con- tinuous triumph of force in inter- national affairs. To-day the out- standing features of the situation In Europe are: the eclipse of demo- cracy by dictatorship over two- thirds of that continent, the strangulation of trade by economic naonalism, and the universal tension produced by that and bỷ war preparations on a portentous scale
...
I
"THE PAIN OF A NEW IDEA "
It is the acceleration of the last and the growing-though tards recognition by Great Britain of the danger and fatility of the course she has pursued whien have at length brought about her decision to rearm. To a discerning obser- ver the need for rearmament is ugent, both to assure our nation- al security and to re-establish our position in the councils of Europe. An additional reason for haste in rearming lies in the possibility that the "matchpoliuk" (policy of might) which is again in the as- cendant in Europe may ere long confront us with a sudden chal- Icrige.
'L
But rearmament-unless it be in accordance with the requirements of modern warfare will merely create an allusion of security. The risk of this happening la real, for it is a platitude that every new weapon has been derided or dis counted, and every innovation op posed, by the military mind Since the war many writers have shown how appalling was the price which the nation paid for the ob- Riinate,conservatism and the rigid opposition to new ideas which, generally speaking, characterised our conduct of the War by land and sea. This applies also to the conduct of our air operations on the Western Front, the result being that our casualties, compared with those of the Germans, were in the; ratio of 5 to 1-according to of Acial German statistics, which there is very good reason to belleve are accurate.
mentauty
After the War the which had been responsible for these costly blunders failed to re- cognise the strategic importance of air power, and was instrumen- tal in reducing our Air Force to the status of an auxiliary
ATHI.
programme without acceleration, and if we continue to carry out at the present approved rate the ex- pansion announced to Parliament In July.. so lur from the Ger- man military air force being at least as strong 36 and probably stronger than our own, "we estim- ate that we shall still
have in Europe a margin-in Europe atone -of nearly 50 per cent."
And yet, despite this emphatic pronouncement, it was only tour months, and not a year, later that we discovered that it was Germany and not Great Britain that pos- sessed the margin, and that this margin was not one of 50 per cent, but one of approximately 100 per cent. in terms of military air force alone.
་
Iu.
URGENT SHORTAGE AND PRACTICAL REMEDY,
But the term "military" is elas- tic where air power is concerned, for commercial aviation is ready convertible to war purposes. Ger- many's superiority in this respect is indicated by the figures pablish ed in my last article. Indeed, it is het vigorous development of civil alf transport that has enabled Germany suddenly to appear as a first-class Air Power. Her milit- ary machines are, for the most part, adapted from cl7!! types, consequently her commercial Bu feet is a ready reserve for war.
Oura, on the other hand, is not only smaller but also less suitable far this purpose. because none of its aircraft were designed with a view to military use.
HOME RUGGER HOME FOOTBALL
Outstanding Score By Army
Several Upsets Recorded
London, Feb. 29.
London, Feb. 29. The home defeat of Aberdeen fature against and Derby's Cup
TEST CRICKET
Good Batting By Australia
Durban. Feb. 29. The Army's victory over the Cirii |
The Afth and find Test cricket Service by 32 points to 6 was the
match between South Africa and outstanding score in the week-end
Australia was continued here 'to- rugby football programme Com-Fulham provided two surprises in.
Saturday's footbal: programme, de- day when the home team resum talled results of which, as cabled overnight total of 199 for 8 to 222 Ing their things, took their by Reuter, were as follows:
plete results follow:
Bath 3. Bristol 3 Bedford 14, Northampton 11 'Cardiff 17, Blackheath 3
Coventry 17, R.A.F. 3 Devonport Ser, 10, Camborne 5. Oloucester 10, Richmond 3 Harlequins 12, London Welsh 14 Leicester 6, D.M.T. 3 London Scottish 18,
Irish 7
London
Rosslyn Park 3, St. Thomas's
Hosp. 3
Navy 9, Portsmouth Ser, 0 Army 32, Civil Service 6 Aberavon 13, Pontypool 0.
Llanelly 18, Bridgend 9 Newport 3. Neath 8
Swansea 17, Cross Keys 3 Sale 8, Waterloo 0
Heretonians 17, Glasgow Acas, 0. Stewartonians 24, Edinburgh
Wand 3
"ruler.
isation? Of the original Home Defence Programme of 52 squad- rons-announced in 1923, but not completed until 1965-13 squad- Tens were Territorial (8 Auxiliary and 5 Special Reserve)., But of the 100 or more which are to be added under the present programme so far no more than 3 are to be Ter- ritorial
IV.
GROWING DANGER-LESSEN- ING TIME.
This is the more surprising in view of the fact that the annual cast. of à Territorial Squadron in less than half that of a Regular Squadron, while, its standard of efficiency is admittedly very bigh.
The broad facts that have to be realised are that, except possibly in power of air-craft production, i we now lag behind other leading
PRINCIPAL AIR ROUTES OF THE WORLD
Another factor of cardinal im- portance in any estimate of com- parative strengths in the air is By 1922 we had no more tban
that of equipment.
Our position three squadrons for home defence, in this respect is that the majority whereas France had 128 squaa- of our military machines are ob- rons. Since 1922 the new arm has solescent. Some of these were de- been persistently sacrificed until | signed "so far back as 1925; very last year it received no more sh 3 out of every pound of our de- tence expenditure, and, by 1929, we had declined to our present position of Fifth Air Power in terms ul Arat line aircraft
II. V
few of them were designed less than seven years ago; merely a handful embody the remarkable improvements which have led to a great increase in performance during the past five years. There is no technical reason for this; the explanation lies in the fact that the necessary funds were not provided
States in every coefficient of aer- ial strength, civil as well as milit- ary; and that nothing short of a great and resolutę national effort will retrieve the situation. The sceptics may scoff at the air me- ace, as their predecessors dented that of 1914. On that occasion we. sacrificed the flower. of a generaz tion: we won through because our command of the sea gave us the time. It is that priceless advant age which we have since lost owing to the prodigious growth of the new three-dimensional Arm. By the end of the War the long-range weight-carrying aeroplane Was still on a very small scale (the Germans were never able to mus ter more than forty bombers for
the largest rald being carried out
F. A. CUP-SIXTH ROUND
Fu ham
3 Derby
0
Shefeld U.
3 Tottenham
1
Grimsby Arsenal
3 Middlesboro"
4 Barnsley
I
3 Liverpool
1 Stoke
FIRST DIVISION
Aston Villa Bolton Brentford
Everton Huddersfield Portsmouth Wednesday Preston
ין
0
2
1
2 M'chester O.
2
1
0 Birmingham
1 Blackburn
3 West Brom.
3 Leeds
3 Sunderland SECOND DIVISION
Bradford C. 2 S'amaton
Burn'ey
21
THIRD DIVISION (South)
Fnemouth Bristol R. Cardif Clapton Crystal P. cullingham
Luton Northampton
runs. K. Viljoen being top-scorer with 56 runs. Orimmett took 7 for 100.
Australia had 239 for 2 at the close, Fingleton scoring 117 FOL out and Brown 84
Owing to bad light the match
closed an hour before time - ̈ Reiter.
EARLIER PLAY".
Durban, Feb. 28. The sky W243 overcast when South Africa won the toss in the fifth and final Test against the Australians and elected to bat, but, owing to dad light, play was stop- ped half-an-hour before the om- cial time for drawing stumps.
The home team had then scored only199 runs for the loss of 3 wickets, N. D. Nourse claiming 50. C V. Grimmett was in fine form with the ball, taking seven of the eight wickets which fell.- Heuter
1
1 West Ham
หิ
Charlton Hull M'chester U. Newcastle Port Vale
4 Swansea
1
3 Leicester
3
9 Blackpool
2
1 Norwich
1
2 Doncaster
0.
Queen's P.R.
2 Millwall
0
14
5 Exeter
2
·
1 Torquay
1
3 Coventry
I
1 Brighton
2
2 Watford
0 Swindon
0
1 Bristol C.
2 Newport
1.
2 Aldershot
2
THIRD
DIVISION (North)
3 Tranmere
1
3 Wrexham
1
3 Carlis e
2
3 Halifax
1
2 Gateshead
Hartleports
4
3
1
1 Walsall
0
? Darlington
0
? Rotherham
1
Notts. C. Reading Southend
Accrington Barrow Chester Chesterfield
Crewe *Linco
די
New Brighton 1 Oldham Rochdale 3 Mansfield
Southport
Stockport
York
* postponed, ground unft.
"SCOTTISH LEAGUE
Aberdeen
Albion
Clyde
Hamilton
Hearts
Kilmarn'k
Queen's RK. Queen 0.8. Rangers St J'stone
NEW ZEALAND AND
MC.C. TOURISTS
Kingsland, Feb. 29. The third unofficial cricket Teat match between New Zealand and the M.C.e. tourts, which com- menced here on Friday, was con- tinued yesterday when the New Zealanders were dismissed "tor the addition of only six runs to their overnight total of 362. They had occupied the wicket for 325 mln- utes, The most successful bow- lers for the tourists were Baxter (4 To 86) and Sims (4 for 92), while I. B. Cromb (72) and Ems (99) were the chief scorers for th home team.
The MIG.C. had scored 289 for 81
when stumps were drawn. Bar- ber scored 93 in a stodgy innings
which lasted 178 minutes and
which included only five boun- daries. Together with Parks he added 107 for the second wicket, the latter claiming 65 of the runs scored during that time.
Hardstaff treated the spectators
to some lively cricket by acqua 57 not out and brought off so
very nice drives, hooks and leg
giances.-
1. Arbroath
2
0 FUbernian
1
0 Celtic
4
6 Dunfermline
1
2 Motherwell
4 Dundee
I
Beuter.
1 Partick
1
3 Airdrie
3
4 T. Lanark
2
2 Ayr
A
BADOGLIO'S REPORT
Rome, Feb. 28. communique from Marshal
INTERNATIONAL SOCCER Badoglio, announces the capture of
the summit of Amba Alagi, a post- tion 9,000 feet high and regarded Port Madoc, Feb. 19.
by the Italians as of the greatest In the International Soccer strategic importance. This is pos- match, Eng.and beat Wales by 7sibly the last Italian objective he-
fore the rains set in goals to 3.- Reuter.
The communtque adds that the capture of the ridge was effected without serious opposition and places the gateway of Ethiopia in
the Dodecanese, Sicily, and Sar- Italian handa.
in. Our lack of long-range air-
Thus all the territory occupied craft also deprives us of the most by the Italians before the battle of effective means to cope with the Adowa reverts to Italian hands. possible action of Italy's Arty-nine
submarines.
Y
•
་!
THE EMPIRE'S FIRST NEED— CENTRAL SAFETY
Some authorities belleve Marshal Padoglio may push his advance as far south as Lake Ashangt before" the rains set 11.
Marshal Endoglio's statement
says!
more chan nalf of our present the Government. Yet our air and efficiency of long-range aero-powerful feet of bombers with an troops avenged the defeat of the-
Italian forces by the Ethiopians in
DELUSIONS SHATTERED, But this method of calculating acrength does not show our rela- tive position in Europe. ΤΟΥ whereas France, for example, Twelve years ago párity with the could quickly recall her squadrons strongest air force within strik-their air offensive against London, stationed in North Africa and ing distance of this country was
In short, our strength in the
"The troops of the First Army Syria and could thus concentrate officially declared to be the irredu- by only twenty-two machines. Mediterranean is not proportion-Corps reached the summit of Amba practically the whole of her fric-cible minimum for national secur- Since then an entirely new strate- ate to our policy because we have Alagi in the early morning and the line strength-some 2,000 maty; and the attainment or such gie weapon has been evolved by neglected our aerial Arm. If we tri-colour is now dying there. The chines for home defence; little parity is still the avowed aim of the vast increase in the numbers Possessed in the Middle East a
total, «which, in" December, 1932, programme as it now stands pro- planes. The full-load radius of action-radius of 1,500 miles (such amounted to 1,180 first-line air-vides for no more than 1,500 frt-action of the average Continental aircraft exist in America) the ad-
On the southern front Intensive craft, could be similarly concen- line aircraft for home defence by heavy bomber is now about 500 vantage would lie with us and hot trated. For in our case the figure the end of March, 1937-a number miles, and there are many types with Italy. Our deficiency in such bombing raids are continuing and 1,180 includes our overseas equad- which would not to-day give us with a much greater range.
This aircraft is partly due to the paci-t is expected that General Grane- rons and the Fleet Air Arm
equality.
means that there is no city, dock-st agitation against the bomber nl will make another drive to the
northwards before long- Yet it is for lack of this very type Reuter's Bulletin Service. yard, arsenal, or other nerve cen- tre in Great Britain which, in the machine that the policy favour absence of adequate defence, ed by the pacinata has failed. could not be subjected to aerial
While it is to be hoped that i bombardment on 8 devastating the light of this lesson the serious scale:
deficiencies in the Fleet Air Armı
-
1398,"
Moreover, it is doubtful whether When, in March, 1935, Germany even. this expansion will be achie announced that she had achieved ved within the prescribed period, air parity with Great Britain she for there is an acute shortage of referred to our total strength, not skilled personnel. No more than
EMPIRE BROADCAST to that available for home de- twelve additional squadrons were fence. And it was this, coming ca | laid down last year, which, when The fact that this development and In Imperial Air Defence wil
London, Feb. 28. top of the previous secrecy main-completed, will represent an add!. has also become a grave menace be made good with the least pos His Majesty the King will broad- tained by the German as to their tion of at most some 140 machines. to our main line of communication sible delay, priority must be given cast to the Empire on Sunday, and ait expansion, which has resulteu Meanwhile, Continental air forces with the Far East has recently to the measures which are impera- his address will be transmitted by
Apart from In the stepping up of our air pro-are developing rapidly owing to been demonstrated.
gramme.
tive for the safety of the island the B.E.C. Empire Station at the expansion on a nation-wide the question as to whether or not centre of the Empire. For, as "The Daventry on three wavelengths basis rendered possible by con- we have been justified in monac Observer" remarked in an editorial CSG 16.86 metres, GSF 19.82 It will be recalled that in the scription. These considerationsing Italy, the fact remains that published so far back as March 26, ruetres and GSD 25.53 metres. previous November Mr. Baldwin raise an important issue, namely, the concentration of a vastly 1922, one of a long series devoted while in order to ensure the widest had declared.
la it possible for us to reach equal superior feet has so far falled
to this vital esuse: "If we are possible distribution the General "It is not the case that delity with larger air forces if our uterly to achieve its aim. Before not able to defend ourselves in Post Office telephone service will rapidly approaching efforts at expansion are confined the War a haval demonstration the air we are merely gambling provide direct circuits to Canada. 'many ́ ́· la equal with us. Even if we con- to the comparatively narrow basis on such a scale would have been upon the favour of fortune: We Austraila, South Africa and India. fine the comparison to the Ger- of a voluntary Regular Air Force? decisivo. Now it has proved futtle hold our very existence at the dis- The broadcast will also be relay- man strength and the strength of Since the answer must he in the because the Italiad air fleet is far cretion of others, and any leader-ed to eleven foreign countries, in- the Royal Air Force immediately negative. is it not necessary to stronger than our own and com- ship we may cherish in the world's duding the United States and available in Europe, her real enlarge our basis, by taking full nd- mands the entire Mediterranean affairs becomes entirely permis-France strength is not 50 per cent, of our vantage of our Territorial organ and Egypt from its bases in Litchi sive and Husory"
Reuter
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