1936-02-26 — Page 4

I've tried most brands

of cigarettes

in my time-now I've settled down to Craven 'A'

because

They

Vary!

never

IN 'EASY-ACCESS' INNER

FOIL PACKETS, ALSO

IN "TRU-YAC" SO' TINS When we al the TRU-VAC streight TIN the

PRESHNESS of N

is securely 'Imprisoned until the scal is broken by pulling the rubber tahna curter: Jagged.rdsel.

no

Remember

HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 1936.

CRAVEN

CRAVEN

VIRGINIA CIGARETTES

CRAVEN

CRAVENÄ

ARE MADE SPECIALLY TO PREVENT SORE THROATS MADE IN LONDON, ENGLAND, BY CARRERAS LTD

BRITAIN'S WEAK DEFENCES

CARRERAS LI

CRAVEN A

CIGAR

TES

C.A.134

AIR POWER THE KEY

Civil Flying

Flying To-day

BRITAIN'S URGENT

NEED

Proved Capacity Demands Stronger Support ·

"(BY BRIGADIER-GENERAL P. R. C. GRÓYES, C.B. C.M.G., D.S.O.)

progress was

-DUCE AND THE FUTURE

A

The Appeal To Students

London, Feb. 3.

The Fascist Grand Council met

last night, but the official account of the meeting throws little fresh light on the stormy situation as depicted in the "appeal to the students of Europe." which appear- ed in the "Popolo d'Italia" yester- day and which is unanimously ac- cepted as directly inspired by. Sig- nor Mussolini, if not entirely writ- ten by him.

although she is more dependent upan trade radiation than апу other country, is not yet in + position to undertake such opera- tions. To-day she is actually sub- sidising her rivals, for the British public is paying French and Ger- man compantes a sum which at a moderate estimate now amounts to £30,000 annually for the car- riage of British mails to South America. Nor is this the only Daneful result of the short-sighted aar policy which prevailed until recently and was for more than a decade, condemned by The Observer. The development of our commercial aviation is now handi-

Of the 21 hours that the Grand capped by a shortage of material Council was in session about two and personnel, brought about by hours were occupied by a speech in the priority which must neces-which Signor Mussolini "explained sarily be given to the demands for the politico-military situation." the expansion of our long neglect. and the only other speakers were ed Royal Air Force. And for the Marshal de Bono, formerly Com- same reason some of our foreign mander-in-Chief in East Africa. aircraft markets have been jeopar-and Signor Grandi, the Italian dised.

N

Within Httle more than a decade · greatest

made by air transport has spread networks Great Britain and Germany. of airways across the continents French commercial, aviation. car- or Europe and North America,

ried fewer passengers and less encircled South America, ex- goods and mails. the slight de- tended across Asia and Africa, crease being ascribed to adverse linked Australia and the Dutch economic conditions, In 19 East Indies with their mother France again went ahead, her countries, and created transoceanic domestic air transport being in-

Thanks to the special efforts routes which have brought the creased by the establishment of which are being made by all con- circuit of the globe by scheduled air mall services linking the capl-cerned there is good reason to air services within sight.

tal with the principal provincial citles.. Abroad communications were established between Bangkok (on the Paris-Salgon route, and Hanoi in Tonkin, and a trans-

* "1

By the end of 1934 the route mileage of regular air services throughout the world amounted

to 223,100 miles, while the total | African route connecting Paris distance flown by these services with Madagascar via Algiers, Gao, in that year was no fewer than 103,432.000 miles,

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and the Belgian Congo, was in- augurated. As far as Broken Hill this is a joint Franco-Belgian en- terprise.

What is Britain's share of this expansion? And where does she stand to-day? The reply to these

Germany justly attributes her queries cannot be giveri exactly

gains in air traffic to improve- until the comparative statistics

ments in ber air routes, “ta · In- for 1935 are published several

creased night dying, and, above months hence: But 0 rough

all, to the modernisation of 'her estimate can be made of her actual

flying equipment. Her time tables position and prospects by glan-

for 1933, 1934, and 1935 show an cing at the situation at the

Intensive speeding up of schedules beginning of last year, outlining

on nearly all services owing to the subsequent developments, and in-employment of faster types of dicating those which are fore-

craft in increasing numbers. shadowed.

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The following figures refer to the regular air services (domestic and foreign) of the seven countries which are responsible for the bulk. of commercial flying.

STATISTICS OF REGULAR AIR SERVICES

Goods &

Malls

Passengers Carried Years. Carried: (tons). 1934 581,370 5,006 1933 568,040 4.584 1934 185,846 3,927 1933 123,035 2,839

Countries. U.S.A ...........

from diplomatic thought. Italy, in- deed, is recognised as one of the Germany influences essential to the vold- ance of European disturbance.

The real problem that has been

!!

Francé

itself was still further weakened by

1934 50,019 1,538 1933 52,179 1,706 1934 103,531 6,726 ... 1933

49,126 2,128

!. it.

Causes Of Insecurity sees was a patty canvassed is how to recapture Ita- Canada

In Europe

London, Feb. 2. An incidental effect of the week's! concentration in London of the whole world's diplomatic represen- tatives has been that the op- portunity has been taken to ex- change opinions on the main out- standing problems of diplomacy.

is a clear connection between the two events.

i

A clear new principle of Britiso! policy was thereupon enunciated which has been consistently fol- lowed ever since.

The National Government (t inn) can no longer close its eyes to the fact that adequate de- tences are still required for security, and to enable the Bri- tish Empire to play its full part in maintaining the peace of the

world.

Netherlands ..

Han friendship for the work of maintaining stability in Europe. Great Britain 1934 135.100 1,423 From that point of view great en-

1933 79,070 909 couragement was given in London ¦ Italy,

1934 40,930 941 to the process of Central European

1933 43,126 1,039 1934 57,339 986 consolidation initiated by the visit

1933 32,054 1,047 of Herr von Schuschnigg to Prague

United States recovered from the in the middle of January. It is one of the cardinal safeguards of European peace that Austria's in- dependence be secured. #

hope that the progress of our com" mercial aviation will not long be hampered by these drawbacks. It is anticipated that the great pro- Ject of an Anglo-American service linking London with New York via the Azores and Bermuda will be carried into effect in the autumn of 1937; several of the large fleet of flying boats ordered by Imperial Airways will be available before then.

*

Meanwhile, if sufficient supplies of personnel and aircraft are forth coming, accelerated progress may also be expected in the sphere o" domestic air transport. For in 1935 our internal air communications were consolidated and improved by means of amalgamations of com- air-panies, the elimination of unpro- ductive routes, and greatly in-

PRINCIPAL AIR ROUTES OF THE WORLD

il

Ambassador in London. There is no 'indication yet whether Signor Grandi's report of his last conver- - sation with Mr. Eden has modified the alarmist views set out in the "appeal." but the summoning of the Supreme Committee of Defence for Tuesday and the reconvocation for the evening of the same day of the Fascist, Grand Council, timed to follow to-morrow's discussion in Geneva of the oil embargo, are clearly meant to reinforce the warnings in the "Popolo d'Italia” article and to dispel notions of Italian bluff.

"BARBARIANS OF MOSCOW" In the absence of information about Signor Grandl's report, the few comments on the article which have appeared in the Italian Press lose much of their Importance." The tone of these comments thoroughly uncompromising. The distinction in the argument that. "the embargo will end at a cer- tain moment in a blockade and a blockade will mean war," is ignor-. ed, and it is assumed by com- mentators as automatic that an extension of sanctions must lead to hostilities. Any idea that the concern of the countries up-hold- ing the League Covenant is the preservation of peace is brushed aside, as a patent falsehood and hypocrisy. None of the arguments," except those adduced by Italy, is considered to hold water for a single instant. The world is assured that if war comes Italy, armed to the teeth, will meet it with "confident intrepidity," and 'that, when European civilization shall have been destroyed the pro- fit will go to the Asiatic baz- barians of Moscow, the 'sowers of hatred and of destruction, those who would like to turn Europe into an Immense camp of forced

The striking growth of Britlala

Alr air traffic in 1934 was largely due to the rapid development "of in- Sternal air transport, which in that year carried 80,235 passengers about 60 per cent. of the British total. The returns for 1835 will be still more favourable, for #hile domestić expansion .con- tinued, traffic on the route to Australia-opened in December, 1934 as well as on that to the Cape, constantly increased.

creased radio and meteorological facilities provided by the Ministry. Moreover, the admir-labour."

Last year air transport in the United States recovered from the setback

the cancel- caused by lation of the air mall, contract in February, 1934. The provision

of night-flying facilities was ex- tended; there are now 22,000 miles of airways fully equipped for night flying.

In the course of the past year experimental flights have been carried out on the projected branch

on

abie policy announced by the Post The publication and the wording Office in the previous November of the "Popolo d'Italia” article have bore fruit. In 1935, the first year made a profound impression in which all internal mails were foreign political observers, but it conveyed by air, at no increased

cannot be said that this impres- charge to the public when regular sion is wholly favourable. When, air services showed a saving in in his speech at the Rally of Octo- time over existing means of trans-ber 2, Signor Mussolin! appealed to port, several hundred tous of "the true people" of Great, Britain mails were so carried.

The Post Omice has not rested on its laurels. It has recently given British Airways, the largest

and France, this appeal over the heads of the Governments aroused some unfavourable comment, and is was recalled with what indigna- tion Signor Orlando and Baron

i The prestige enjoyed by Mr. Litvinov during the course of his The very chaos of these problems

London visit derives obviously from has forced itself into a more realls-

Inasmukh as Germany was even the circumstance that a strong tic aspect, with beneficial results.

then recoguised as potentially the Russia is the clearest check both Concurrently, and with an equally strongest military Power in Europe. | upan Japanese exuberance In the good result, the Defence Committee | aha as Gertnany had seceded from Far East and upon German ex- Pan-American Airways. the Im-line which is to connect Hongkong of the British Cabinet has been sit-in collective system of security, tuberance in Europe. The rumour

with the England-Australia - route mense State-aided concern, was

of our air transport concerns, an Sonino had quitted the Paris Peace ting the week and completing its became the deliberate policy of the that has clrulated to the effect that formed

at Penang. And arrangements air mail contract for Scandinavia. Conference because President Wi- to provide trade routes plans for the prompt redress of the British Government to repair its

have been made to Mr. Litvinov took the occasiori to by air from the United States w

link Nigeria: The rapid growth of this company, son had appealed to the Italian well-known inadequacy of Britain's | detences at least to the exterit

sound British

with the Cape to Cairo route at and the constant extension and nation armament Arma all parts of the hemisphere, and

on the Flume question. Khartum. Army, Navy, and Air Force. There

necessary "to equalise them with about the manufacture of arms for later to Europe and the Orient."

multiplication of its Continental The present Italian appeal to the Germany's strength.

Russia is understood to have not extended its operations in 1934,

II

services-one to Spain is now pro- | narrower body, and to the neces- and in 1935 began experimental The near future will witness an fected-connotes a new phase in sarlly immature judgment, of unl- foundation. A striking outcome of the distance, that Germany this spring

flights over the trans-Pacific alr-ever-increasing number of trans-the development of British com-versity students is found to be 'all way which now links Ban. Fran- oceanic air services. Those operat-mercial aviation. Hitherto the plomatic talks has been thé almost will have at its disposal peace force

the more extraordinary inasmuch general agreement that Britain's of at least half a million men, The facts, by contrast, are that cisco with Manlia-a distance of ed across the South Atlantic by 1 creation of Imperial and domestle as daring the interval since Octo- comparative, defencelessness is one trained, armed and equipped. It a Russia's own armament plant is 8.150 miles. The trip is made in France and by Germany have been air communications bas been the ber 2, British and other foreign of the standing causes of insecurity the British Government's plan to entirely adequate to her needs, and Eve days, and in an average total accelerated in the course of the principal aim, Now British Air-statesmen have formally disclaim- in Europe. Even troin the unex-

Air France ways-a combine, of, as yet unsub- have a total trained force in the that the British armament plant is time of fifty-eight flying hours. past twelve months.

ed the notion of making any dis- British Empire (including the Ter-likely to be fully mobilised in meet-Upon the ground organisation of has achieved the record for the sidised companies is invading the tinction between the Fascist Gov such a view has been heard, on the | ritorial Force) of the like size.

ing the present needs of the British this route, which is shortly to be trip-three days beween Paris and | Continent.

ernment and the Italian nation as Government.

extended to Canton, a sum of Natal in Brazil. Both the French equally unexpected argument that

whole. The policy of "two more than 2,000,000 dollars, has a militarlly strong Britain would

been spent up to date. automatically remove some of the very dangers against which Ger- inany herself has been rearming.

pected quarter of German opinion

"COLLECTIVE SECURITY

"

It is common knowledge, for in-

LOAN FOR RE-ARMAMENT?

BY CONTRAST

One of the valuable results of the week's talk is understood to have been the opportunity given to Mr. Eden to learn at first hand from

the Mr. Lozoraitis,

•

·

1

which Italy complained at Geneva, is, it is caustically being said, not unpractised elsewhere.

by granting State aid on a scale comparable with that given by leading Continental countries.

•

and the German companies now While the enterprise which pro-weights and two measures," of offer a four days' schedule from mises considerable advancement It has been freely rumoured dur

Croydon to Buenos Aires.

In this and in other directions is ing the week-though there can

As the above table shows, 'Germany's new airship, the L.Z. to be welcomed it should be re-. necessarily be no confirmation of

Lithuanian Canada's air traffic has made re- 129, which will carry passengers, membered that progress is relative, the rumour that it is the Govern- It is now nearly twelve months ment's intention to raise a loan of Foreign Minister, the true state of markable strides, yet her air route mails and freight, and fly by the that other countries are also going c.ffairs in Memel Memel is úniver- ( mileage at the end of 1934 shortest route, may secure for her ahead and that our present post- £100,000,000 or £150,000,000 to

tion leaves no room for com- since the British White Paper Finance the process„of reamamenti sally regarded as one of the poten- amounted to no more than 4,298 | the bulk of the traffic. issued which foresnudowed the

tial danger spots in Europe. While miles. The explanation of this Meanwhile, Pan-American Air-placency. Indeed, it connotes a substantial strengthening in Bri- its full extent. A statement of

the greatest satisfaction; has been is to be found in her employment ways, already connecting Banteeway which should cause grave tain's armed defences. The White the Government's further plans is

caused by the clearly established of air transport for the develop- Francisco with Manila, has con- concern, for air transport is not Paper itself then stated that the expected to be made soon after the

fact that Lithuania has done even ment of her vast northern ter cluded arrangements with the only a national utility service of House reassembles on Tuesday, British Government's policy of the

more than the guarantor Powers ritory. Some of the numerous Government of New Zealand for inestimable value, it is also the Side by side with the knowledge of the Memel Statute could expect mining camps which are main-a second trans-Pacific route, which Hermanent and indispensable past fifteen years had been based upon the theory that Geneva's now generally disseminated that of her, the disquiet about the part tained throughout the year by s to link San Francisco machinery of collective security the British Government is well em- played by Germany in Memel has this means lie well within the Arc | Wellington via Honolulu and Justified the virtual disarmament barked upon Its rearmament pro-

not decreased.

tic circle. There are also a number Samoa, gramme, there has emerged as a of Great Britain.

Much good is expected to follow of comparatively short, but busy; But the clear warning was then result of the week's discussions cer- from the opportunity given last routes in the southern half of the given that the assumption so tain broad lines of diplomatic week in London to warn all the Dominion, and last year work was readily made by British opinion groupings in their turn designed to parties concerned that, having first in progress at forty-two pointe that the League of Nations could minimise the danger of a major taken steps to safeguard Germany's along the trans-continental air offer en alternative security to that European disturbance.

rights in the Memel territory, it way, which is to link Newfound- of Britain's own armed forces, was

now becomes their equal respon land with Vancouver. at lease upproved, and that the

sibility to safeguard Lithuania's Turning to Europe, we see from the statistics that in 1934 the very system of collective security

suvereignty in that territory.

It is significant that the subject of the Italo-Abyssinian dispute, as such, has been singularly absent

with

basis of air power,

com.

Despite the various handicaps and shortcomings mentioned in this article-to which may be added a total lack of lighted air- ways our expenditure on There is no doubt that we can, | mercial flying remains insign!- 1 we choose, måke good qur ex- ficant: Adequate provision has It is, of course, entirely due to 18ting leeway; for our technical not yet been made for the scheme liberal State aid that other coun- skull in design and construction, for improvements announced in And the B01 télen have gained the lead in long and the quality and efficiency of December, 1934.

authorise this and over-sea services, and it is owing our pilots and ground personnel, which is to to the absence of such assistance are second to none. But the lee- | other expenditure provides for a and the consequent lack both of way never will be inade good if sum which is considerably less suitable aircraft and of ground we continue to evade the need to than the current French and Ger- organisation that Great Britain, make up for long years of neglect man subsidies,

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