1935-09-14 — Page 2

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MAIL NEWS FROM CHINA

NEW FACTORY

Cantor. Aug 15. The "ceremony marking the in- auguration of the Provincial Spin- ning and Weaving Factory, will. take place on August 30, it is an- nounced by the factory.

The Spinning

and Weaving Factory is one of the 24 factories to be established by the Provincial Government, which started opera- tan monihs ago. It has 3 depart- m.nts, silk weaving, cotton weav- ing, and hemp weaving. Its pro- ducts are up to taste of the public. Kua Min.

U

HIGHWAY CONSTRUC-

TION

Nanchang, Sept 1.

In pursuance of instructions fron Gencru Chiang Kai-shek. Pres.den, of the Miltary Affairs Commission, the Klangs! Provin- cial Government has drawn up a detailed programme for the er- forcement of compulsory labour for highway construction "from Sept. 1.

According to this programme, at least one highway will have to be constructed

each district

in

(Hs'en) by cpulsory labour. It is estimated that 1,989 kilometres of highways will be constructed in K.angs in the next 12 months with the assistance of 15 million pople available for labour service."

LONG DISTANCE

Wuhu, Aug 30. Installation work having been comp.e..d, the long-distance tele-" phone service between Nanking and Wuhu, river port in eastern Anhwe., was officially inaugurated yes..rday. The line is a section of the nine-province long-dis- tance network designed by the Ministry of Communications.

The Wuhu-Hankow section of the network will b: opened to traffic next month.- Kuo Min.

ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION

Great Use For Television

A new type of electrical trans- mission line; which will provide a television channel "giving size and clarity of vision hitherto un- known," was described before the American Institute of electrical engineers in a series of reports by engineers of th: Bell, Tele- phone Laboratories.

The new wire, it was said. opens up new possibilit.es not only in the field of television but also "In the long-distance transmiss.cn

of pictures and music,"

The wire and associated appar- atus, it was reported. "permit the extension of frequency band widths of the order of 1,000,000 cycles or more to be transmitted over long distances." The width of a frequency band of that order, it was added, is "cssential for te- Icvision of reasonably high de- Anition."

While existing wires, according to the report, can be wo.xed at frequenc.es of tens of thousands of cycles, the new wire multiplies that capacity by a hundred tuTER. It can carry all the frequencies from zero to 1,000,000 cycles, or even higher..

The same technique, it was re- ported, could be used for tran- smitting simultaneously 200 long- distance telephone conversations over a single pair of conductors. In other words, the wire can carry a band of electrical energies that could either be used as a unit for television or could be divided up in 200 individual telephone cir- cul.s. The transmission over this' w.re could be used simultaneously in both directions.

"CAXIAL LINES” The new transmission empleys » what is technically called "caxial lines." It consists of a wire within a wire, a sol.d wire inside a hollow tube, half an inch in diameter. The tube and the wire inside both act as conductors.

Hitherto, frequency bands of a million cycles halt an inch wide... could be transmitted only through the open air over radio waves. Sending such wide-band frequen- cles over wires resulted in inter- ference.

The: Tre within wire system utilises what is known as "skin" "effect" name that elect

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SODA PLANT

HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1935.

Canton, Aug 15. The soda plant established by the Reconstruction Department at Salchuen will start operation to. day, according to the Department...

The plant has been under pre- paration for some time, and in- stallation of machinery was fin- ished months ago, Because some of the buildings « have not yet' been completed, it is not until now that it commences operation.— —

Ruo' lin

NEW LINE OPENED

Nanking. Aug 31. Construction work having been completed, the Bofi-Chaohsfen (central Anhwcl) section of the Hua.nan Rallway will be opened to traffic to-morrow.

The last section of the line be- tween Chaohsien and Yuchikow, on the northern bank of the Yang ze River, will be completed next spring. Luo Min.

LESS TIME TO TRAVEL

Nanking, Aug 31.

In pursuance of an order of the Ministry of Railways for the shor.en.ng of the, time schedule between Shanghai and Pelping. which at present is 40 hours, the Tientsin-Pukow Railway Admin- istration has made a satisfactory

trial run on the line at increased speed. Arrangements are being made with the Nanking-Shanghai Railway Administration in regard to new timings. hu Min.

▸

H

NEW PHONE SERVICE.

Canton, Sept 1. A long-distance telephone. ser- vice is being installed between' Canton and Kongmoon, in the West river region; it is announced. The total cost of the installation is estimated to amount to £47.000 sterling.-

Kun Min

BIG KILN AT WORK

miles of.. Twenty-five square England are being scooped out by giant machines to build new towns and villages.

To the scuth of Peterborough fifty slender chimneys plèrce the ."her.zoo. chimneys of the brick kilns where men labour day and night.

Beside the kiln are pits 100 feet deep. Few men are to be sien.

An electric excavator shaves the slopes of the grey pits at the rate of 30.000 tons a week. One man contros each machine,

This brick industry is highly mechanised. Here 3,000,000 bricks a day are produced with one kiln.

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But in the whole of this dis- trict only 3,000 men are en- ployed.

"DOZEN PROCESSES Three weeks elapse from the time the shady grey shale leaves the pit to become the creamy red brick on the railway siding for building estates all over the land.

In between are a dozen pro- cesses.

Long after Britain's shortage of houses is met these fields of: Nor- thampton and Huntingdon will continue to hold reserves of Ox- ford clay the geological term for this shale:

The tire comes when the shale is exhausted in the pit and the. seam gives way to the rocky bed. Then the e'ectrical\ excavators are d'smantled arid. ·once again the scooping begins, probably less than 200 yards away.

ENGINEERING AND BUILDING

DETECTION OF Nanking is Extending Power

Facilities of its Electrical

AIRCRAFT

Use Of Infra-Red

Rays

A method of detecting aircraft or o.ner moving objects by means of apparatus sensitive to the lon- ger infra-red rays has been sub- mitted to the War Office as a sub- stitute for the searchilghts in conditions of poor vert.cal visib- ility. It does not involve a new princip.e, but it does represent development in the technique of receiving and amplifying those infra-red rays which are the heat rays in light and the application af that techn.que to the parti- cular needs of anti-aircraft de- tection.

The apparatus may be synch-. ronized with an anti-aircraft gün so that the shell may be fired the moment an aeroplane cross's the fled of the beam. In this case time the time-lag due to the taken by sound to travel from the aeroplane to the sound locator is eliminated, and more important still, a line of fire is provided au- tomatically against unseen tar- gets. The prospect of accurate anti-aircraft fire against targets above the clouds is thus offered. subfact of course to the usual as- sistance given to the gunner by the predictor.

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Not only does this detector re- cord the passage of a body across its beam; using two in conjunc- tlon it may also be made to give Height and distance and may be

set to ignore the passage of bodies moving at slower speeds than those which it is intended to de- tect. It is thus capable of a great variety of uses, but since it has been offered to the War Office its military uses are of immediate concern, and among these the "delection of aircraft targets for the gunner was shown at Ports- mouth this week to be one of the most urgent

W

"

WAR OFFICE TEST The detector uses the infra-red rays to record temperature chan-. ges due to the passage of a foreign body across thar background and amplifies the impulses so "pro- duced until they afford visual or aural signals of ample strength. The amplification factor in the instrument operated before War Office representatives is 3,000,000. With this amplificatica ́ships have been located up to a dis- tance of over four miles. The in- strument is not sensitive to shock or vibration, but it has been found to suffer slight Interference feature from wind-pressure-a which is being treated on the principle of the bottle-neck into which wind cannot easily blow.

The devia; was before the War Office by Commander Paul Mac- nell, the inventor, in February last, and a successful demonstra- tion was given at Biggin HD. Since then no word has come from The War Office to denote in- terest, rejection, or a desire to encourage the development of the idea. Meanwhile another Great Power has offered to place a la boratory at the disposal of Com- mander Macnell. In the hope that the War Office or the Air Ministry might still offer encour agement, that offer has not yet been accepted.

SHIP ENGINEERING

There

EXHIBITION

London, Sept. 12. are mori than 350 ex- hibitors at the Shipping En gineering and Machinery Exhibi- he plt Water collects. Fish aption, which was opened to-day at

Time hea's the scar. Green follage covers the gaunt sides of

pear.

Then come the angling clubs, and later the fisherman's story.

ricity Ukes to travel on the out- side of a wire. In the new chan- nel the million-cycle frequencies travel on the outside "skin" of the

inner wire and the inside "skin" of the hollow tube surrounding it.

The outer skin of the hollow tube carries away the interfering frequencies and acts as the shield for the inner wire. The method it was said, owes its existence to the superior insulating quality of air" The hollow tube, Le, the outer conductor, is grounded, and, B0 any stray", "zoise-curren's" are denacted to the earth?

The new method transmits LE nals over the wire at nearly the

Olympia.

The exhibits vary in size from machines weighing 25 'toris down. to nuts and bolts, and include a full-sized ship boller and a fold- ing press which will bend, a sheet metal under a pressure, of 75 tons. Excavations to make room for one special exhibit have cost one firm 2.500. A prominent place in the hall la taken by a acale model of the Cimard White Star Queen Mary, 22 feet long and weighing three tons British Wireles

speed of light 186,000 miles per second. In the transmission of mule the new method will not re- quir?

the

present practice of two or more adjacent telephone wires.

Plant

The boiler plant of the 10,000 kw. extension now being made to the Nanking central station American consists mostly "of

with contrast equipment Ini equipment of German make in the .the original section of station, Steam is supplied by two steam generators, each rated at 100,000 lb, per hr (132,240 lb. maximum capacity), each served" by two air-swept tube mills and corner fired by duplex tangential "burners A high ash, local is

burned and, in order to for both the present and

the ticipated load demands, boller plant was designed for a wide range in rating.

care

has 25,700 sq. ft. Plain tubes aré used for the water walls and water screens. The upper drum is 48-in. diameter and the lower drum 42-in. diameter both being rusion welded. The' entire unit, including the air heater, is en- closed in a steel casing over 3-in. rock of firebrick and 3-in of wool.

Each furnace is fired by eight tangential burners, two in each corner, and at guaranteed rating the calculated heat release will be around 30,000 Btu per cu ft.

the "load will at Inasmuch as times be light, especially during the next year or two, the units were designed for a wide range ir rating. namely, from 27,600 lb The Capital Electricity Works. which serves the municipality of of steam per hour to a maximum

Some Nanking, China, has fór

for two hours of 132,240 lb of are two steam per hr. There a steamt years operated with

mills per boller and the fuel station containing two 70,000 lb per.hr cross-drum, sectional-

piping is so arranged that each header. bollers of Borzig design, mill supplies four burners, ond in one mill each corner; that is, fred by Steinmuller (German

"supplies the upper burners and forced-drat, chain-grate, stokers.

other the lower burners. and supplying steam to a 2,500 the

Hence at light loads only one kw turbine-generator, A steadily

milf will be in use. increasing industrial and domes- tic load, especially in the use of it electrical appliances, made

for the necessary early in 1934

an ex- company to plan for tension to the present station. These plans tuok Into consider- ation not only the needs of the Immediate future our anticipated the probable increase in load

several years hence.

Accordingly Inquiries for equip- the ment were submitted by

a number of Eur- company to

All opean and American Ormas.

# reviewed by proposals were committee of seven appointed by the National Construction Council of China. With one or two ex- ceptions, the-boller plant equip- ment anally selected American manufacture.

Was

ot

at

THE CONDITIONS *The conditions to be met in- volved a fairly steady load with oc- "casional peaks, This load will be low in the immediate future, but to "take care of anticipated growth two boller units of 100,- 000 lb per hour continuous rating (with maximum efficiency 80,000 lb per hour) were specified" to supply 10,000 kw turbine cap- acity. A steam pressure for the present of approximately 400 lb was decided upon although the equipment was to be capable of operating at a somewhat higher pressure should future conditions SC warrant. The Hwanan coal burned at this plant has the following proximate analysis:

Moisture

9.27 per cent Volatile

28.49 per cent Fixed Carbon 43.49 per cent Sulphur .... 0.96 per cent 18.75 per cent temperature of ash

Ash Fusing 3002 F

Alter considering proposals covering several types of bollera. with both storers and with pul- verized coal firing, the Com- milttee finally decided upon two C-E steam generators, Kennedy Van Baun' air-swept tube mills and C-E tangential: pulverized coal burners, of the duplex type, orders for which were placed through the Sintcon Overseas Trading Company last summer."

The high percentage of ash in the coal made it desirable to pay special attention to the fineness and uniformity of pulverizing. to the velocity of fuel and air and to the length of flame travel. Also, the high surface moisture and the necessity for instiring satisfactory combustion at light loads dictated the use. of pre- heated air at approximately 400 F On the other hand, high melting point of the ash permitt- ed a simple ash-pit design,"

THE STEAM GENERATORS. The steam generators are de signed for 525 lb per sq. in but at the will operate at 400 1b superheater outlet for the bre sent and 725 F steam tempera- thre. They may be operated at 470 th in the future if desired Each has 9,542 sq. ft. of water heating surface of which appro- ximately 80 per cent is in con- vection." surface. There 2420 sq. ft.in the Elen beater located upon the furn roof tuber. The C-E air heater, located behind the Arumą / and

integral part

Provision is made for tube cleaning by the installation of six Bayer soot blower elements per generator. Four of these are mounted so as to blow the water walls comprising the combustion chamber and the remaining two will clean the horizontal and vertical banks of convection tubes respectively.

Among the boller accessorles of American manufacture select- ed are Copes feedwater" regula. tors. Reliance gauge columns. Crosby steam gages and Edward blow-off valves. Extension of the existing coal handling system. 1 being furnished by the Jeffrey Manufacturing Company. The forced and induced-draft fans, It is understood, have been or- dered abroad. ··

The steam generators were shipped from the United States late in December and Bre now being erected.

TELEVISION

A Costly Luxury

London, August 28 One of the factors that have cum- ributed to the record business done the Radio Exhibition is the learing up of the television situa tion, writes a correspondent.

On all hands, as I went round. met Radiolympin yesterday. I jubilant traders who told me that. whereas they had once feared that the television scare" would keep the public away from radio, sales word up because the public had come to realise the truth about television.

I asked one leader of the industry to give me the facts about televi sion as they were realised by those "in the know," and this is what he

told me:

"Although the official statement declares that tue est transuissions will not start from the Alexandra Palace for at least six months, we know that they will not commence before Easter at the earliest. For at least two years these transmis- sions will be solely of an experi- mental nature,

"Alexandra Palace will serve a district within a 20 mile radius and it will be well into 1937 before the second station, probably outside Manchester, will serve a similar

adius in the North.

Television receivers in Germany cost from £10 upwards-the only sot to give any degree of satisfac tion costing £120-and they will be almost as expensive in this country Whatever form they take, they will receive the television programmes

ultra-short waves and this will necessitata Anuther receiving ap- paratus to receive the B.B.O and foreign sound programmes on long and medium waves

Bacau of these facts the trade are satisfied that the public must continue faithful to the present of radio receiver for at least years Up to the eve of the tign there was considerable confusion in the public mind.

Televiñon AL HOME WAS S consconception, but the ement by the Television weeks

lic mind and

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