1934-10-10 — Page 7

Why

HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 10, 1934.

Has Disarmament Failed

Interesting Talk At The Rotary Club

"Why Has Disarmament Falled?" was the subject of a very interesting address delivered by Me, George She at the Rotary Club yesterday, In the course of his speech Mr. She said among other things that to expect the nations of the world to disarm, before first dealing with the problem of removing the demand for arms, was putting the eart before the horse. The address which we reproduce in full below, contains many points of interest.

Mr. M. K. Lo presided at the meeting and there were many guests present.

키

25

NO WATER FOR ROTARIANS

Wine Promised By Mr. Montargis

more deadly weapons such heavy artillery, submarines, and aeroplanes, yea, even chemicals. yet it must not be forgotten that limitation like necessity, is the mother of invention." The whole history of Imposed limitations goes to show this. After his defeat bf Prussia in 1807 Napoleon resorted to the old practice of multilation. True, he did not cut off the fingers of the Prussians as the Percys and Douglases di in their frequent border feuds in order to render their rivals incapable of bearing arms. The world had then outli-sip any ed that form of disarmament. Bu Napoleon laid down. numerical speech.

Ridding The World Of War mits to the Prissian army and

WHY HAS THE DISARMA. MENT CONFERENCE FAILED?

Mr. She said:-

In the international sphere to- day there is, perhaps, no problem so baffling to statesmen as that of disarmament, or more correctly, the limitation of armaments. This harassing problem is not a creation of post-war diplomats. In one form or another it has appeared

n the page of history for well! ver two thousand years. From soka the Monk Emperor of India to Woodrow Wilson the ideallst President of the American people, :he centuries have witnessed the vallant attempts of valiant per sonalities to change, not human nature, but human practice, an conduct the relationship "be- tween one group of people and an- other.

It was announced at the Ro- tary Club yesterday that Mr. M. J. B, Montargis will be the speak- er next Tuesday and that the sub- Chairman, Mr. M. K. Lo announced ject will be "French Wine." The

that the speaker had arranged. from his very fine cellars, to give members a plentiful supply at the next meeting, so that they could might be mentioned during the particular wine which

New Members

Mr. C. Champkin and Mr. Horace Le, it was announced were efected members of the Club. The Chair- man extended them a hearty wel come.

*!

Sir

The Club, through its Chairman wished Rotarian Southern and Lady Southor a Thomas very pleasant holiday.

war materials. The Ingenuity of entitled "Purple and Gold-The Mr. Mantargis' address will "be the Prussians then began to play Nectar of the Gods." around these very limitation. They Subsequent years took the lesson kept the number of soldiers in f the two Hague Conferences to active service down to the requirext heart the cause of "peace on earth maximun but instead of having and good-will among men" might

a professional army, the Prussians have fairer chances of success. Had passed the whole of its manhood they studied the implications of through the Army on short term disarmament with historical in-service so that in the short space sight they would have found that six years, in 1813, Prussia again disarmament and the renunciation became a first class military power

I war as an Instrument of polley and contributed materially moved in quite different places. Napoleon's defeat at waterloo. Disarmament or the limitation of arms implies the legalization and

"Pocket Battleships”. not the outlawry of war. To limit Again, ünder the Treaty of Ver- armaments is practically to permit sailles, of 1919, the Germans have Its use as an instrument of policy been limited to battleships of 10. except that such use should he 000 tons and the world to-day is within certain defined limits. It presented with the pocket battle- seems to argue thus 'Let all the ship' which is claimed to be far states henceforth agree to fight more destructive

than with shorter knives and blunter noughts several times weapons, with fewer aeroplanes. What the Germans lack

its

to

In

and smaller battleships, and warquantity, they can always make fare will be less barbaric and more up for it in quality and now the Inir.' It is the reasoning of a Box-world, is faced with the problem ing Association. Such reasoning. few reasonable conventions agreed a further limitation on this new ignores the fact of experience. The other world war in order to impose if having to wait perhaps for an-

ness. with the assurance there is no limit to such creative that

perversity. Prohibit the use of

military aeroplanes to the defeated Germans and at once this limita-

tention from the question of disarmament to that of the Kellog

-Pact, which, to my mind, repre-

wards sents the true me of advance to-

THE DOUBLE TENTH

Local Celebrations

China's National Day or the Double Tenth Festival marking the 23rd anniversary of the Chin- ese Republic, will again be cele- brated with great enthusiaani to- day, not only in the Colony, but To-day is being observed as a also in every part of China

general holiday, and the Chinese National flags are everywhere. The offices and busi- in evidence

ness-Arms in the city as well as the outlying districts are closed, and all schools and collèges have given a

will undoubtedly, take advantage whole day's holiday to thelr pupils any of whom

of this occasion to hold a whole day picnic and hiking parties to places of interest in the Colony. ception will be given at the Head- At noon to-day, a tea party re- quarters of the Chinese General Chamber of Commerce for mem- bers and their friends, and it is ber believed that there will be a pum- of musical concerts and dancing, parties held to-night "at the different social centres and schools and colleges.

It is also reported that a swim- ming gala will be held to-night at the Chung Sing Benevelent So- Clety's bathing pavalion at West Point."

In Canton

In Canton the anniversary will be observed as the biggest event in the history of the Kuomintang regime and the whole, city will be flags, banners, Doral designs and gaily decorated with National

paper lanterms, etc.

The Canton Air Force will give 2 pm to 4 D.m. at the Tin Ho a big aerial demonstration between Aerodrome. when all available planes will take part.

At the Yin Tong Parade Ground, there will be a grand parade of troops, and General Chan Chai First Division Army, will take, the Tong. Commander-in-chief of the

cadets will also participate. troops, the military and salute. Bealdes the ordinary пата?

Time does not permit me to dis- a Collective World Order.

of war and peace. I only wish in Cuss this aspect of the problem

this short discussion to say that dread. to concentrate on disarmament size. before the question of the out- to put the cert before the horse lawry of war has been settled, a Disarmament has its right plare in international relations, but in

The champions of disarmament necessary to put first things. first, politics as in life generally, it is

pect) unwittingly look at the pro- blem of peace, as it were, from the side of supply and not of de- mand of the supply of anus 3 not of the demand of the world; supply of arms before. they have for arms. They try to stop the curtailed or destroyed the demand clear that if the demand for arms them: Does it not seem

destroyed or the supply of arms would autorna- to kill with a blunt as with a sharp them more bitter and more in-tically cease or greatly diminished. diminished. weapon, with a small as with aventive. The greatest danger to large one. It is arbitrary and anti-any society is to pass a law which ing would not work out in the amusements will be given at Cen-

while the reverse order of reason. social killing that is objectionable can be broken with impunity or

Stage performances and other and not the type of weapon by evaded in a

same way? If the supply of armstral Park, the Bund, and the Hol which this act is facilitated: True, engender a spirit of disrespect for cessation of the demand for arms.

manner so as to

ceased automatically with neror Francis Joseph from upset and here we must not misinterpret law and order. It is from this then is it not reasonable to sug- late Dr. Wu Ting Fang at Yuet.

the Tung Park in Honamn Island. ting the military status quo of the the real object of disarmament, to angle that we can see some con-gest that complete disarmament Shau Hill will be unveiled in a two rivals in the Balkans. But the average pacifist, disarmament nection between the failure of the can be attained without the nec- ceremony to be attended by all the such an alternative proved ohnny-means gradual and ultimately com-Disarmament Conference and the cessity of having to draft com- high officials, and an exhibition of Jus to the proud spirit of the plete disarmament. But this only present unrest in the world:

The

The question of the limitation of Armaments, even in its modern form, dates not from the Treaty or to at the Hague Conferences were "frankenstein" of man's creative (and let us show them due res-1 Versailles of 1919 but from the all broken in the first few months First Hague Conference of 1899. In

of the Great War. In fact these that year Austria-Hungary decided

Conferences were practically for- reorganize the army in prepara-gotten by the statesmen of Europe tion for a possible conflict in the in July 1919 when the peace of Balkans. This decision naturally

the world was at stake. caused much consternation in St. Petersburg and would have Imme- diately provoked Russia to a pro- portionate increase in her arma- ments but for the fact that the financial position of that Empire In 1899 made such an expensive retaliation out of question: The only other alternative in those days when every state was a law to Itself was to endeavour, by dip- Iomatic means, to disuade the Em-

Romanoffs.

Not Yet Ripe

Hon forced their attention on civil aviation until to-day the one dit Not True Pacificomm

fers little from the other: Secondly such reasoning is strict-prohibitive and limitative clauses ly speaking contrary to the spirit of the Treaty of Versailles have true pacifism. If it is immoral not changed the hearts of the to kill. at all, it is just as immoral Germans. They have only made

A Few Questions.

máy

be

for

were

ernment, the publicity workers of Speeches will be delivered by the high officials of the Canton Gov-

representatives of the various oz- Fanizations. the Kwangtung Province, and the

In the morning the statue of the

plicated and controversial ventions, and plans?

will also be shown at the Provin-

Disarmament Conference and 1.

Just a few words more about the clal Mass Education Institute.

shall close. There, are, I think. effects of the failure of the

two main effects which we need notice, at present:

con- revolutionary, literature and relics

AT THE MARINE COURT

morning,

rushes the argument further back and brings me to my third polat

Forms of Limitations At about the same time, how-limit armaments or even by a gra- ing armaments each one as well- which is this. It is impossible to There are several ways of Hmit- ever, the Czar was placed in pos- dual process.eventually.to eliminate known as the other and each one Session of certain literature dis- the use of arms in international as ineffective as the other. The cussed by the Inter-Parliamentary relations. simply because, linton a few months before, deal-modern conditions, "Everything is namely it may deal with the num-, under limitation" may be quantitative ing with the question of disarma- Part of Armaments." The research ber of men or of weapons which

Kwok Fung aged 60 years, mas- ment. Perhaps: I may mention in professor in his study is as valu- a state is permitted to have. The,

Fear Of War Increased.

ter of Boat No. 9827 and two passing that this Union, very earlyxble a. part of modern armaments imitation

Firstly, the break down of the others, appeared before the Hon. in its interesting career, set out to

disarmament

Comdr. G. F. Hale at the Marine Conference qualitative;

haa. discuss problems which were not

as the most deadly of sharp-shont-namely it may extend to the type ers; the dye industry is as vital an of military organization or train. ear of war: The reason is chiefly boats at the entrance of the South- yet ripe for political discussion or element in war equipment as the ing which is allowed: to: a state's the principle that nothing suc-wharf, in such a position as to ereatly increased the international Court yesterday morning, charged with unlawfully anchoring their action: Disarmament was certain-swiftest submarines.

psychological and is founded on ly not ripe for discussion to the ressor or the dye industry to be be budgetary and here the budgfafls like fallure. Many keen sup- of the other vessels, last Monday Is the pro-army. Finally the limitation y ceeds like success and nothing cause obstruction to the free access ern Fairway near the Ping On early months: of the last year of suppressed? If so, how, the nineteenth century, but the over, where is the limit to be set? be subject to Uraltation,

More allotted to the fighting forces may Czar was interested: in it just as The great problem of the limita-

porters of disarmament now feel his predecessor, Alexander, was in-tion of armaments is the question not reason, should have shown to agreed arms convention will soon their offences, and were each fined Experience if not logic, history if that the fallure to arrive at an All the defendants admitted terested in the Concert of Europe of the limitation of such imita the post-war generation that it plunge the world into another $10 or one week's hard labour in at the beginning of the same cen- tion. tury The advisers of Czar Nicho-

simply could not expect to secure ugly war. But such an 'all or default. Jas: I took full advantage of this

world peace by setting out ales nothing view of international re- psychological situation and the re-heavy artillery, such. Imitation is.

If we merely limit the use of as to how the world might be able

lations is rather an overstatement sult was that the First Hague by no means complete to ally, fear practice

continue

the

For the case I believe the effect peaceful means or not at all. Such antiquated Conference for the limitation of of war, nor is it likely to be suff-modern

of warfare in

of the failure to achieve disarma a system naturally has its own there armaments was convened.

scientinc

ment is instructive rather than defects. I have not the time to daya.. These This clently effective as to discourage rules, conventions and plans of wasi calculated by the Czar's mininternational warfare. In order to disarmament may be very im-

destructive: The world is belag show that these are not inherent isters to be effective In securing be effective, limitation

taught by common suffering the for unsurmountable defects. I only the postponement of the reorgant fact, extend to the whole of life-themselves the germs of their own he a blessing in disguise. It may Conference, the leading statemen must, in pressive but they possess within lesson of the Hague Conferences need say, here, that since the last zation of "the. Austro-Hungarian to the motor car, the press, the destruction. They are really ef-

The second effect then is likely to postponement of the Disarmameny

World Politics

research laboratory, the radio, the forts directed towards organizing yet succeed in opening the eyes of the world are beginning in cinema, the doctor, the nurse, and the world for war instead of for of the blind and eliminate any realise that the only path to peace But this Conference, though it even the bloodhound! In modern peace and it is: this inherent de possibility of paying easy lip ser les in the direction which has failed to secure the main object of warfare the civilian at the base is fect which robs disarmament of ice to peace abroad whilst en just been findicated. Thus though generally as intimately a part of the na- its virtue. In fact, strictly speak-couraging armaments at home, I began with rather harsh criticism among the Powers or particularly tional army as the most indising. the problem of disarmament Better still, it may yet force. the I wish to end on a hopeful note. in the case of Austria-Hungary pensable soldier in 'no man's land, is irrelevant to the fundamental peace lovers of the world to re-At no time since 1918 when the at once brought the question offor to-day when a nation foolishly requirement of mankind for a think the whole problem of war wer-worn world alghed in unision disarmament into the launches into a war, the whole of Collective System organized to and peace by putting first things "never again" at no time, gentle- of world polities. Dis-its people takes part as belligerente quell any breach or threatened

first. urmament ceased to be a question in one way or another. The day breach of its peace, It is not so

men, "is there such widesprend only discussed by Quakers and of the professional and hired sol- much the weapon. used as the act

The King's Pesce

desire among the peoples of the pacifists in

Perhaps we may even be world for peace. Let us therefore their chapels or diery has gone, ever since Napo-f criminality that real emphasiscouraged to take a lesson from take heart and try again (Ap churches Even the stern and un- teon aroused and brought the na- should be made, though, of course, English history and see how the plause).+ bending realpolitiker had to take tional instincts of his compatriots one must not completely ignore stamp out baronial wars. Perhape 1 seriously, or at least pay up into play. Are we then to suppress the fact that a country with a

King's Peace was introduced to a Voto of Thanks service to it. It is necessary to the civilan as well as the soldiery larger supply of arms. 18, often we shall, then, see that disarma- address Professor Robertson pra

At the conclusion of Mr. She's remind the post-war generation Do we intend to sacrifice, life for more likely to be tempted to act in ment is relatively least important posed a vote of thanks to the of this event because it is little the sake of living? The Impossibi agressive manner. hop based on the Kellog Pact which is he described the speech as "con the creation of a Collective System speaker in the course of which known and seldom referred to by lity of effective limitation of arma fervently that these observations our historians, with the result thatments must now appear obvious of mine will not in any way itself based on the idea of the che vet comprehensive," His own: the causes of the tature of the to you.. First and Second Hague, Confer-

dampen the zeal of any of my in which any Constituent member ence was that the nations were King's Peace Collective Systern view of the Disarmament, confer- hearers in working for ences have not been widely.

The ex- *ablishment

of it, taking the law into its own trying to prevent a race for siman studied.

war-purged orld.

nds and aržtraciły relying on mentes se was the case before the the sword of sentia), Ita: own dife European War "Kellog=Fact #

ferences, wit have the whole:force These remarks"are, necessary, Ifor that system against it until 1

army.

disarmament either

modern

stream

Earlier Lessons,

If the statesmen at Versailles in 1919 and at Geneva during the

Another Point

But if you are not yet convinced.

I shall invite your to consider a fourth-point-andrit, is this: Even

if it were possible to limita arma-

meat or to effect limitation of the think, in order to turn your at-is forced to solve its disputes by

On behalf of members of the

very entertaming address, Club he thanked Mr. She, for his

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