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HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 1934.
BRITISH MEMORANDUM ON
DISARMAMENT
GERMAN EQUALITY IN
ARMS AGREED TO
Proposals Aimed at Averting Future War
LONDON, FEBRUARY
1,
SOLUTION DISARMAMENT
13
"WE MUST SEEK A SOLUTION WHERE A CAN BE FOUND," STATES THE MEMORANDUM," FUBLISHED
BRITISH YESTERDAY
EVENING.
THE MEMORANDUM IS IN TWO PARTS. THE FIRST EXPLAINS THE REASONS FOR
PRESENT ISSUING THE MEMORANDUM, AND STATES THAT THE RESUMPTION OF
AT
DIREC-
·NEGOTIATIONS
GENEVA WITHOUT NEW
TO FURTHER TIVE SUGGESTIONS, WILL LEAD
DIS- APPOINTMENT. THE DISCUSSIONS, SINCE LAST MARCH. HAVE SHOWN THAT THE BRITISH DRAFT CONVENTION REQUIRES ADJUSTMENT.
A SOLUTION INVOLVING THE ABOLITION, WORLD- WIDE OF WEAPONS WITHHELD FROM CERTAIN POWERS IS MANIFESTLY IMPOSSIBLE AT PRESENT, THE MEMO- RANDUM CONTINUES, AND THE GOVERNMENT SEE NO ESCAPE FROM THE CONCLUSION
ARMS PER. MITTED ΤΟ ONE STATE CANNOT INDEFINITELY DENIED TO ANOTHER.-Reuter,
GERMANY
THAT
BE
ADVISED TO RETURN TO LEAGUE
The choice for Europe, the memorandum continues, lies. be- tween an agreement on a conven- tion involving the abandonment of curtain classes of weapons by the most heavily-armed Powers and an agreement on the. basis that these Powers agree not to increase their . present armaments.
nilitary aircraft, and that other countries increase or reduce, as the case might be, by stages within the
The Government stand by the naval chapter of the draft conven- tion, but are prepared to make proposals for a more simple, ar- rangement if necessary, in view of the near approach of the 1935
The Government earnestly press, Naval Conference.. for active pursuit of the first course.
The second part of the memo- rar,dum sets forth the way in which the Government believe that an agreement is attainable, and
adequate states that
"
World-wide Convention They suggest, however, prompt agreement on other matters and the embodiment that an agree-
is unwilling to accept the latter assumption, maintaining that no disarmament would be worthy of the name which did not effect re- duction as well as limitation of armaments..
The following British proposals
NO DUTIES YET
Earlier Reports Denied
Nanking, February 1.
A BOMBSHELL EFFECT ON LONDON
TOCHI SCOUTS AMBUSHED
Contrary to earlier reports By Ghilzai Tribesmen
are made on the assumption that which are premature, the new the disarmament convention when
reached would last at least ten gasoline and kerosene duties years. While a big difference exists have not yet become effective. between the original British pro-Reuter
SILVER MARKET
fi
com- were
Peshawar, February 1. A party, of Tochi scouts manded by British officers ambushed and sniped at by Ghilzal nomadic tribesmen while patroll- Ing in the Wasir country. Three were killed and Ave wounded. Bubsequently the Kurram mill- oncanh- merit and captured thirteen men and 119 camels without firing a shot.Reutar.
posal of an army "of two hundred thousand men of eight months service and the German sugges tion of three hundred thousand men serving twelve months, the British Government does not think the divergence should be an in- (From Our Special Correspondent) tia surprised the tribal superable obstacle to agreement. But agreement on any figure what- ever would enable all European continental, armies to be reduced to a standard type, composed of short term effectives.
The British Government suggests that all training outside the Army be barred, this prohibition being checked by a system of permanent The Bri- automatic supervision. tish Government is particular- ly glad to be informed that German Government freely promised to provide proof that labour storm detachments and corps are of a non-military char- acter.
Light Tanks
February 1. Following are the Silver Quota- tons on the London market to- day:-
Spot Forward
Feb. 1 Jan. 31 19 7/18 19 7/18
194 191
HEAVIER DUTIES FOR "GAS"
Latest Nanking Move.
Nanking, February 1. Increased duties on gasolines and kerosene becoming effective to-day have been anounced.
MORE FIGHTING
Heavy Losses Reported
New Delhi, Feb" 1. News received from Kashgar is tribal to the effect that severe fighting with heavy casualties has Eastern broken out again" in Turkestan. The Turkis, aided by Khotans and troops from Khoja
times
attacked Niazhaji four
'All Kashgar and the New City. attacks are reported to have been repelled with heavy losses-Reuter,
Result of President Roosevelt's
Announcement
ALL EYES NOW ON WHAT ·
FRANCE WILL DO
New York, February 1. That the United States has returned to the old standard until further notice is the opinion of leading monetary authorities. In this morning's papers.
Oficial circles expect London to raise the price of gold equal the American price to counteract arbitrageurs had pre- vent the diversion of foreign gold to the United States or to restrict New York's export of gold, notably from France.
The Herald Tribune fears the position in gold bloc coun- trlea is more precarious than ever."
•
The Chairman of the Silver Committee who have' appoint- ed governors for eleven western states, declares that Mr. Roose- velt is not opposed to silver legislation, but he first wants to stabilise gold at a fixed price. while California and Colorado mining experts predict an immediate stimulation of production of low grade ore which has been up to now`ünprofitable.-Reuter,,
A NEW HIGH RECORD
The new duty for gasoline is SHANGHAI ARSON President Roosevelt's Announce-
As regards land war material the prohibition of anti-aircraft gun would disappear. The maximum weight for tanks should ultimately be 18 tons, those above this weight Customs Gold Unit 2.1 on
drum of ten American gallons. already existing being gradually and C.G.U. 2 for every ten gal-
of 115
each
destroyed over •period of five years and Germany to be allowed lons shlyped in tankers.
For kerosene and other illumin- tanks up to 6 tons. The British Government advocates the maxi-ating oils, the duty is CGU 1.8 for and each drum often gallons, .mum. limit
millimetres
every ten gallons calibre for mobile land-guns but OUG 1.7 for is willing to concede the German shipped in tankers.-Reuter.
Later. demand for guns of 155 mill- metres if "agreement thereby is hastened. As for air armaments; all countries should be allowed to the alfcraft at possess military end of two years if by that time
armament Com- the permanent mission had not decided on the abolition of this weapon alloget
her.
the
eat on a worldwide convention
or provision would be of great assistance to the raval discussions, as proposed. In Article 33 of the draft convention. If an agreement is reached on
must be made under three heads,
First: security.
Second, equality of rights. Third, Disarmament.
"As regards security, it suggests
all other issues, the Government will agree to a system of perman-
trol the observance of the Dis- armament convention.
an addition to the British draftent automatic supervision. to con- convention, of three Articles, ein- phasising the duty of the signa- torics to the convention to prevent, or remedy any violation of the convention. This, with the Ger- man Chancellor's proposals for the conclusion of pacts of non-agres-eral ston would present a sum total of security worthy of general accept-
ance.
The Government declare that the practical application of the prin- ciple of equality of rights is no less essential than the
general principle of security.
Dealing with Disarmament, the memorandum calls attention to the voluntary renunciation by, the German Chancellor, of offensive weapons. Although heavily-armed States might not be willing to abandon their existing armaments. the memorandum adds, not be it follows that a positive contribution by the latter Powers would help to bring down. the scale all round.
The memorandum proceeds', to "make Disarmament proposals on the assumption that an agreement would last for 10 years.
Dealing with effectives.. it sug- gests that it is not impossible to find accommodation between the 200.000 men suggested in the draft convention for France, Germany. Italy and Poland, and Germany's claim for 300,000.
the
8
The memorandum, concludes by pointing out that the proposals are framed to meet the essential claims of all sides and to promote a gen
agreement.
Finally, emphasis is laid on the view of the Government that the return of Germany, to Geneva and the League of Nations should be an essential condition to the agree- ment. Reuter.
[Special to the "Hong Kong Dally Press" (Copyright.]]
|
Finally, during the life of Convention all construction acquisition of any weapon whose destruction has been agreed upon during the life of the Con- vention, to be entirely prohibited. The British Government thinks that it ought to be an essential condition that once agreement has been reached that Germany re- turns to Geneva and the League of Nations-Transocean Kuo Min:
לי,
[Special to the "Hong Kong Dally Press" (Copyright,}]
Berlin
one Min
Customs cfficials explain that the increase is negligible the main change being in the system of measurement, which has been al- tered from litres American to
gallons. Reuter.
tile Company which paid out 8.800 taels and the Yangtse Insurance Company which paid out $3,500. The arrest of other incendaries is expected-Reuter.
GANG Alleged Fraud
Foreign Firms
On
اری
Shanghal February 1. The Settlement Police, with the arrest of six Chinese, have smash- ed the organisation · responsible for setting fire to four Chinese properties and then collecting in
surance
The new gold dollar contains 15.5/21sts grians of gold nine- tenths fine.
The new gold price applies to all gold delivered in United States Mints or at the Seattle Assay
Washington, February 1.
mant came as a bombshell to London, causing a rise in the price of gold 135/6 which E new high record and includes the un- precedented high premium of 1/31 | Otices. "over the Franc parity. 'It is The Proclamation automatically generally believed that with- { creates a two billion dollar stabil- drawals from the Bank of France (zation fund derived from, the; gold” will be profitable at such high | profit. premium.
The market is mainly interested in what action France is likely to: adopt to protect herself internally and externally from withdrawals, resulting in à possible flight of French, capital to America. It is to believed that President Roosevelt's money amounting thousands of dollars from several object in allowing free exports of gold which at present is hypothe- foreign Arms in the past year.
Among the companies who aretical, is to forestall any possible alleged to have been defrauded are action by gold standard countries the North British and Merchan-in placing an embargo on exports } {Continued on: previous column) of gold to non-gold standard coun- tries. President Roosevelt's action is regarded some quarters as 2 big stick to Britain to force the latter's aqulescence to a dollar- sterling stabilisation at a rate which is considered to be an over valuation of steriing.-Reuter.
MAIL NEWS FROM CANTON
Eagerness To Redeem Notes: The Navy At Work
naval
THE NEW GOLD DOLLAR
SILVER NOT AFFECTED. §
The Presidential announcement states that the gold price has been fixed at $35 in order to stabilise, domestic prices and to protect commerce against the adverse" effect of depreciated foreign cur rencies.
The weight of the silver dollar will not be affected and will not be altered by the gold order. President
Roosevelt retains the fight to alter the Proclamation as the interests of the country. require.
ཐོ
The White House has also issued statement declaring that a settlement for the gold to be taken over from the Federal Reserve Banks will be in the form of a credit in the Treasury's books to be paid later in new gold certifi- cates:
Mr. Morgenthau, meanwhile, has announced that the Treasury will
ing.
Washington, January 31. President Roosevelt has pro-sell gold for export, besides buy- claimed the devaluation of the dollar. The gold content has been fixed at 59.06 per cent. of its normal gold content.
The
He added that untü further. notice, the Treasury will sell gold for export to foreign central banks whenever American exchange cur- rates with gold standard rencies reach the gold, export point.
The sales price will be $35. plus one-quarter per cent.
the American price level-Reuter-
Berlin, January 31.. "Authoritative political circles in and also the daily press welcome the boldly conceived
The price of gold becomes au- British proposals summarising all
(From Our Own Correspondent) .arguments that might lead to the
tomatically $35 an pumice, begin Exercises began yesterday with ning, to-morrow. Canton, February 1. 1 formation of a general Convention.
And
dzül The premises of the Kwangtung ❘ the inspection The British memorandum is not
new gold dollar became Eastern regarded as an intermediation be Provincial Bank were crowded to- aboard the flagship Hai Chi. To effective at 3.10 p.m. Lween France and Germany, be- day with people who wanted to day practices were held on board Standard Time, the White House the Hat Shen and to-morrow on issuing, an explanation that the Berlin, Jan. 31. cause it is addressed to all coun- redeem their banknotes of 85 and
PEGGING SHOULD RESULT The exercises were President desired his action to be the Shao Eo. The text of the British memor- tries and deals with all aspects of 81 denominations, as ready cash
witnessed also by high military known just before the American Treasury officials are of the andum un disarmament was pub the Disarmament problem. In is required to make all settlements
that the " $2,000,600,000 officials of the First Group Army, gold market closed so that if there opinion lished on Wednesday. It consists Germany it is hoped that the Bri- before the end of the lunar year.
who were favourably Officials of the Bank and Mr.
impressed was any benefit to accrue It Exchange Stabilisation Fund will of a document of twenty-two tish "arguments and proposals will
not have to be used extensively typewritten pages reviewing all and sympathetic hearing. The Ou Fang Pu. Commissioner of by the smartness of the officers should be enjoyed by Americans.
The foreign exchange market because the fixing of the gold aspects of "the Disarmament pro- Reichs Government will give the Finance. assured the people that and ratings. blem and making suggestions for document exhaustive consideration there is sufficient reserve in the There was first an inspection of in New York was very confused price should peg exchange rates
the were following
proclamation, They also expect an immediate the crew's quarters, which on attaining the object fervently de- in all detalls. At any rate opinion Bank to meet all payments stred by all peoples in the world, exists, in authoritative German notes of the foregoing denomina-immaculately clean and orderly. Quotations business was virtually readjustment of the world gold. price, resulting in a depreciation. went brought to a standstill but concerning which negotiations circles that the British memoran- tions. The people are urged to The Inspecting party then
Sterling quoted at 4.97 weaken- of the dollar and the raising of have produced few tangible results. dum keeps open all roads towards have confidence in the govern- through the medical room, officers' The document. emphasises the desired end-Transocean Kuo ment banknotes.
mess, engineering room, topedo ed to 5.04. that it is useless for any
room, etc. Reaching the deck, the the Power to insist on its own ideals
inspecting party witnessed but that all must be prepared for
manoeuvres of the guns.. compromise.
the The British view is
Owing to the closeness that those States who are forced
shores, no actual firing was made. to restrict armaments by existing
However, the miniature practice treaties must be permitted some
ride mounted on "one of the 47- degree of rearmamen, Germany
inch guns was used to show the for instance being, allowed to in- crease her effectives and a larger
marksmanship of what the big gun would have achieved. quantity of such weapons than she
already "ertkled Equality of rights says the memor- andum pecessarily involves what kind of arms petmited to
State cannot be pac
denled" to His Majesty's Govern- another. ment sees no escape from this con- clusion and does not seek to escape from it. The ideal of universal disarmament to Ger- umat- many's permitted level is fainable under existing conditions. choice lying, between two
15
No' Military Training They are also prepared to ac- quiesce to a 12-month period of service instead of eight months, if there is a general desire for stan dardisation at an agreed figure to be completed in four years.
outside Military training Army is prohibited.
The memorandum suggests that the maximum calibre of guns in fortress permanent frontier and defensive systems should be fixed Also by international agreement. that tanks weighing over 30 tons should be destroyed by the end of the first year over 20 tons, by the end of the third year and over 15 tons by the end of the fifth year. reach
The Government would agree to the new German short-service Army being equipped with tanks up to six tons.
The
to
1
PRESS COMMENTS.
(Special to the "Hong Kong Dally Pless" (Copyright.)]
Money dealers and shop keepers are discounting these banknotes from three to five per cent. Ir view of this merchants have made a proportional increase in com- modity prices. In money tran- sactions nowadays, an enquiry is always made as to whether the payment is made by sliver colns
Paris, February 1... The French Press comments ra- Disarmament Memorandum, which or notes. ther sarcastically on the British according to the diplomatic cor- possess.respondent
conceivable courses, one to
2
agreement that the most- heavily armed Powers abandon certain classes of weapons or, two, the most heavily armed Powers undertake not to increase present In order to secure a prompt gen- armaments. eral agreement, the Government is)
No Offensive Weapons prepared to concur on the new
The British Government" ex- German short-service Army being
.strong preferen- equipped with 155 millimetre guns. presser
Guns over 350 millimetres should ce for the former alternative.. 80 be destroyed by the end of the first as to gain time first for discus- year over 220 tim by the end of sion of complex problems in an the fourth year, and over 155 mm., atmosphere of calm, and secondly by the end of the seventh year. for putting conclusions into effect
Corresponding arrangements are
the British Government, welcomes made for Austria, Hungary, and the suggestions of the German Bulgaria in respect of artillery and Chancellor that existing agree- trnks.
ments should be reinforced by a If a permanent Disarmament series of ten year non-aggression Commission has not decided on pacts between Germany, and per abolition at the end of two years, reighbours. Defining the nature the memorandum suggests that all of the disarmament itself, the countries be entitled to possess British Government is glad to im following eight years and so at derstand that Hitler willingly and tain eventually agreedfigures, voluntary renounces offerisive wea- Germany acquiring parity with the pons even though other, Powers principal air Powers by these retain all their present equipment. stages.
The British Government however
Speculators are taking full ad of Agence Radio; vantage of the banknote crisis to signifles too much for the French create alarming rumours of im and too little for Germany.
pending conflict between the Can- The security guarantees, so the tonese forces in Southern Fukien and Nanking troops. There does correspondent states, are insuf- Actent from
the French stand-not appear to have any basis for point. France, moreover, is, unable such developments; but the to agree to complete abolition of "money" sharks make up the probation period, the chief story to mislead the public. problem being not to disarm but to prevent Germany's rearma ment,
to
This drilling is in preparation to the cruise of the three ships to the coastal water of Kwangtung on account of the tense situation in Southern Fuklen. In case di necessity, the cruisers will steam to Swalow to protect that" port from attack.
the
**
Banknotes of 810 denomination were scheduled to be redeemed from to-morrow, but owing to the The British proposals are con present run on the Kwangtung sidered entirely unsatisfactory in Provincial Bank redemption of authorised French. quarters, ac- such notes may have to be further cording to "Pertinax" writing in postponed. This matter is having "Echo de Paris", which is gener- the attention of the Department ally believed to be close to the of Finance, and an annoucement French General Staff. Pertinax is expected this afternoon or to maintains that the British method { "morrow." favour the
country which
CANTON-HANKOW BAILWAY Canton, February 1. Another milestone of progress the Arst was laid to-day when
rain pulled out of Shaokwan on its way to Lohchang, about forty miles farther north on the Can- ton-Hankow Railway.
The southern section of the rail- way runs from Canton to Shao- kwan, and now it is extended to Lobehang which is close to the ..* Hunán borders. This *stretch
of the line was recently com the
pleted as part of
scheme trafic to conduct through
Hankow. between this city and
the
This new line is now available for passenger and freight service.
hadIt is believed here that put forward exaggerated demands nancial pante will be over in a at the expense of "the country day or two, because there is only which had contented itself with a limited amount of banknotes of minimum claims. He adds, more- 85 and $1 in circulation. Some of over that in view of the growth these notes, representing one
Construction work is going on of Germany's military power, manth and a half rent, were seal- France must retain liberty of aed by the police authorities and
to link the railway from Loh- tion to continue her military pre- will not be circulated until, the run
chango Chuchowin Hunan. When this section is finished, then is over.. parations."
"L'Oeuvre," which often neglects
through train can run between the "opinion held by Qual' d'Orsay,
CANTON "NAVY: DAT"
Hankow and Canton. Bir engin- likewise considers the. British pro-
Canton, February ); eers" from the Ministry of Rail- Naval drill aboard the cruisers ways"are coming south from Hunan posals unsatisfactory, because they would lead to a decrease in Hai Chi Hat Shen and Shad Ho to inspect the construction of this power while is going on at Whampoa to-day portion, which will take about five France's military Germany would be enabled to in- and to-morrow. The drilling 16 years for completion, crease her military strength. This supervised by Rear-Admiral Y C. Funds for this construction paper, however, fails to intimate Kiang, commandant of the works are appropriated from the by what other means equality Whampoa Squadron, and assisted British Bozer Indemnity Funds, could be brought about--Trans by his staff and the commanding and all the building materials
officers of the three warships. i were ordered from England: Ocean Kud Min.
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