1932-11-05 — Page 2

Page

THE EXPRESS LIFT CO., LTD.

WITH WHICH 14 INCORPORATED THE' BUSINESS OP

SMITH, MAJOR & STEVENS, LTD,

EXPRESS SMS

LIFTS

MODERN LIFTS

FOR MODERN BUILDINGS

SPEEDY RELIABLE SERVICE

FOR DETAILS APPLY TO

THE G.E.C., QUEEN'S BUILDING, CHATER ROAD.

EVERYTHING & ELECTRICAL

CORETILDA

FOR YOUR WALLS

1... ALLiason

Exclusive Liccatees

Macaubers of the C34.A

HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 1932.

ENGINEERING AND

HIGH SPEED HEAVY OIL ENGINES

REMARKABLE SAVING IN

FUEL COSTS

Mr. F. Edward's Address to Hong; Kang, Institution of EngineerS and Shipbuilders,

BUILDING

The engine was a single cylinder, The cost of overhauling during four cycle, air injection type, about | the half-yearly and annual surveys 40 BHP. and depended solely is much reduced; there is no boller upon the temperature of the com- to open up, boiler valves to examine pressed air for the ignition of the and put in order and the very cost fuel.

ly job of removing it every three Compared with the modern engine years to suit the B.O.T. require- there are not a great many differments is eliminated, edcos. Finer details are the out- standing features of the present day machine.

|

Patrol Engine Vehicle. Miles per day day

Miles per gall of fuel Consumption per day

(gali)

120

4.5

21.3

Cont of fuel por gall..8 1.05 Lubricating oil ......* 0,40 Total cost, fuel and

oil per day.......82840 These figures represent a saving in favour of the Heavy oil engine of 1824.50 per day, or $8,300 per year, allowing 140 working days, and the cost of operating is just a little over 13 per cent of the petrol engine.

UTILISATION OF COAL

NEED FOR FURTHER RESEARCH

Mr. Isaac Foot, M.P., Secretary for Mines, inaugurating a course of retures in connection with the coal industry at the Sir John A very striking test was carried Cass Technical Institute, Jewry oup in South Africa recently on a Street E.C., on Sept. 20, said his `- If the engine is built by a firm 4-ton lorry fitted with a four cylin' object was to point out the diffeul- of repute and has had intelligent der, 40 .H.P. Heavy oil engine ties of the coal trade and the need The lorry, with a load of 3 tons, care and handling, the cost of remade a journey of 2,000 miles from for taking every possible step to Coming now to the modern High pairs and renewals should be very Captown to Nyasniand. It took 15 increase sales. "Some notes on the High Speed Speed Engine using heavy oil light for the first 5 to 7 years, day to reach its destination, Part days, running about 8 hours per and Moderate Speed Heavy fuel, Manufacturers are concentrat pistons and liners may want renew of the way led through very rough Compression Ignition Airless Injcoing on the production of this type. al and re-boring after that period and warm country, yet the engine tion Engines" www the title of a

It can be made light and more com- There is aleg reduction in the usual behaved splendidly throughout. paper read at the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders of

pact in comparison with a slower supply of stores, gland packing and comparison of the fuel costs with those of a petrol engined lorry is moving unit and in consequence its expensive toiter fluids being elimi-interesting Hong Kong by F. Edwards, A.M.I first cost is much reduced.

Thonated. Mech. E.

smaller and giter engine also

High Speed Engine. opens up new markets and puts it

The economy of the high speed in a very fair way to compete with four-cycle engine in use for launch the petrol engine.

propulsion, driving electric genera- portant point that has encouraged tors and for vehicular, work is very their manufacture, is, that mechani-marked compared with the petrol cal injection is more efficient at bigh spoeds.

Mr. Edwards gave some remark ablo figures comparing a day's run of 120 miles on a heavy oil and on petrol engines respectively. The cost of the heavy oil vehicle he calculated at $3.75, as against a cost of $28.40 for a petrol engine vehicle. | This included the cost of lubricating oil.

In the course of his address Mr.

Another im.

Two and Four Cycle Types... Heavy oil engines are built in both

engine.

+

For a given quantity (weight or volume) of fuel, the dis- tanico which a good make of engine will propel a launch or drive a

Heavy Oil Engined Lorry. Fuel oil consumed... 120 Galls. Total cost .......................... £3.10.0

Patrol Engined Lorry. Petrol consumed... 250 Galls. Total cost £19.0.0

During the period from 1913 to 1920, although the world consump tion did not increase, they lost a great deal of their share of the world's market..

Their loss in foreign markets was due largely to the increase in the home production of coal-consuming countries and by the fact that countries producing cool who were competing with us in European markets were in some cases forced for the sake of securing foreign to sell coal abroad at a heavy loss

currency and as a means of paying for their necessary imports. Since 1020 the position and entirely

The changed.

world industrial

+

Saving in favour of the Heavy oil engine £15.10.0 Which means that it is being operated at 18 per cent the coat of the petrol engine.

Several of these high speed en- gines bave been installed on board slump bad reduced the world's Edwards said: No other type of two and four cycle types, generally vehicle is from two to three times steamships for driving electric consumption of coal.

for speeds over 600 R.P.M up to as great as that propelled by a Generators. They are generally put into service to carry the lighting

The Government's Policy. metive power has so caught the

The four, petrol engine of the same power and power load when the ship is in British coal monst fight its way lancy of power users or received so 1,800 R.P.M. and over. much publicity during the past few cycle engine is preferred because of output so that having regard to port. Very substantial savings in back to prosperity, but he did not years, as the Compression Ignition, the definite scavenging which helps, the prices of petrol and oil, it is fuel have been made, and among think it was any use to try to fight

to ensure complete combustion and on easy calculation to show that another advantages the Boilers can bo back by reductions in price.

shut down and repairs carried out ductions in price would be met by facilitates working at high speeds., oil engine outfit can be operated to valves and piping etc., without reductions of price and restrictions

vion. The saving in fuel on a steam- These engines as regards power out at a fual cost of only 15 per cent. interfering with the lighting ter penses entirely with the Carburet. put range from shy 9 B.H.P. up to to 20 por cent of that of a petrol ship of about 5,000 Toris on a voyage could to help coal to get back, but engined vehicle. Apart from the. difference in price of petrol and lasting 24 days, 7 days of which it could not do a great deal. It had fuel, this high economy is attained are spent in various ports is about tried and would continue to try to dug to the higher Thermal efficiency Tons. This represents a saving prevent discrimination against this. of the Heavy Oil Engine, so that of 36 per cent of the fuel charged country, but it could not in present

to lighting and power account. circumstances offer very strong ob should the price of fuel oil reach

With regard to the actual prices jection to the attempts by other

Heavy Oil Engine.

It is not hard to explain this popularity, for any motor which dis. tor, Magneto, and Spark Plugs and 100 B.H.P., and they are arranged which can burn a cheap fuel effici- to be started from cold by hand or

electric motor. ently and turn more of the energy

Their weight per of the fuel into useful work than B.H.P. is rather a moving quantity

in other countries.

The Government must do what is

any other primo mover, is sure to at present; Manufacturers are en- the same figure as petrol, à saving of the petrol and heavy oil engines, countries to foster home production

cause a stie among those commer- cially interested, and engineers in particular.

The Heavy Oil Engine is not just

specify

'deavouring to reduce weight to a minimum, but an average would be round about 16 lbs, per B.H.P. The weight of an engine is approximate a recent invention. One of the firstly proportional to the maximumn was built by Mirilees of Glasgow pressure in the cylinder, ie, the away back in 1807, I believe it is parts under stress must be made still working satisfactorily, and as heavy and strong enough to stand far as fuel economy is concerned it is nearly as good and efficient as the pressure which they are subject engines of the present day. ed to. The power, developed will depend upon the mean effective pressure is very important in de-. siding the weight for B.H.P.

The two stroke cycle engine for moderate speeds up to

8ay 500 I.P.M. has much to recommend it. There are no inlet and exhaust valves with their operating gear to! worry about, ports cut in the liner or cylinder wall take the place of the valves. Tho cylinder breach or cover is stronger and more easy to make for there are only two open- inga, one for the fuel sprayer and the other for the starting air. A further advantage is that each cylinder gives one power impulse for wach, revolution of the crank shaft na compared with one impulse for two revolutions of the four cycle.

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COMPLETE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

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Advice and Estimates given

free on all types of

LIGHTING & POWER INSTALLATION

by an experienced

ELECTRICAL ENGINEER

retained at our Hong Kong Branch

The General Electric Co. (of China), Ltd.,

QUEEN'S BUILDING

HONG KONG

If the engine is made directly re- versible, the advantages are mani- fold, for all that has to be done is to turn the cam shaft (through a small anglo relative to the driving gear) which operates the fuel in- Jection pumps and the air starting. valves. In the four cycle, the valve gear for the inlet and exhaust valves has also to be reversed. Again, two cycle engines of thres or more cylinders will reverse from all positions of the crank when the engine comes momentarily to rest for reversal. In a four cycle en.. gine, this requires at least six cylinders.

1

The two stroke cycle engine, R3. already mentioned is limited to medium speed because of imperfce- tions in the scavenging arrange; ment. If scavenging pumps or blowers can be incorporated in the. light type of engine and made cheap. and efficient, then there is no reneou why the two cycle engine should not attain the same speed and efficiency | as the four cycle.

The Economic Viewpoint.

The heavy oil engine compared with the storm engine in use for launch work has fully justified itself in the all important; matter of economy. Tako the average steam launch of say d5 ft. length overall, 12 ft beam and 7 ft. depth. The engine will develop say 08: TH.P. and the cost of coal þér | month will be not less than $200.00, A motor launch of the same size in every respect and doing the same work, fitted with a Heavy Oiler- gine of the compression ignition cold starting type, will cost for fuel and off. pipe extra, wages to the No 1 Engineer $120.00 per month, representing a saving of 40, per

In

now in

of 50 per cent. enn still be effected. the latter costs anything from 60

The development of this type · of Engine for Motor Busses and Lore per vent to 100 per cent, more de at the expense of imports provided pending upon the make of the their restrictions were reasonable rios has advanced rapidly. Great Britain; several of the Road engine. Even with this initial dis and were fairly applied.

advantage the fuel saving is great Transport Co. have converted their enough to compensate for the addi oxisting vehicles, and

tional investment in a very short time. There is also a reduction in Shanghai a large number of motor busses are operating very success-

the cost of insurance due to the use fully with the new engine. In Hong Kong a few vehicular engines have been installed and it is fully anticipated that within a few montha'many of them will be on the road.

A comparison of the fuel com sutaptions of the Heavy oit engine vehicles and the petrol vehicle is truly remarkable.

190

Heavy Oil Engine Vehicler Miles per day......... Miles per gall of fuel 11 Consumption per day

(gali)

Cost fuel per gall Lubricating oil.

Total cort, fuel and

oil per day

11.

$0.32 80.75

$3.75

If the oon! industry was to maiu- tain its position, every effort must be made to find new methods of using coal and new processes for its treatment so that it might be suit, of oil as fuel for the risk of fireable for use where other fuels are is practically eliminated.

used to-day. By reducing the cost of using coal the coal industry stood to gain in two ways, first by assist ing to advance the prosperity of the industry generally and so to in- crease the quantity of coal used; and, secondly, by enabling coal to compete with other fuels.

The reliability of the engine is as good if not better than the patrol motor, it has been devoped to very high stage of efficiency and its great simplicity makes it a most satisfactory power unit..

The high speed heavy oil engine

is now well established and ownero

The coal salesman must keep A of ships, launches, and motor trans- abreast with the coal scientist. port ashore should consider the ad- | significant movement was the forma- visability of their adoption. Those tion by the coalowners and coal concerned can be assured of a most distributors of the Chal Utilisation satisfactory and economical power | Council, which was designed by plant, provided they choose a unit means of research and propaganda which has had the teet of service for coal and its products. The and the advantage of a number of salesman would have to be the years of sound engineering develop spearhead of the movement for the ment.

recovery of the coal industry.

For Constructural Work of Every

Description

Use Green Island Cement

TWO REFLEX TYPE BOTARY KILNS HAVING AN OVER ALL

LENGTH _OF_254 FEET, THESE KILNS ARE USED TO

MANUFACTURE GREEN ISLAND CEMENT.

Issued by the

GREEN ISLAND CEMENT CO., LTD.

2ND FLOOR EXCHANGE BUILDING