1932-05-07 — Page 2

Page

THE EXPRESS LIFT CO., LTD.

WITH WHICH IR INGORFÖRATED, THE BUSINESS OF

SMITH, MAJOR & STEVENS, LTD,

EXPRESS SMS

ETS

MODERN LIFTS

FOR:

MODERN BUILDINGS

SPEEDY RELIABLE SERVICE

FOR DETAILS APPLY TO

THE G.E.C., QURAN'S BUILDING, CHATER: ROAD.

EVERYTHING (9.&.C.) ELECTRICAL

Madhesive. LicwMDE

your guarantes

Specify

SING ΚΟΝ

ENGINEERING AND BUILDING

Deep Well And Borehole Pumping.

THE ADOPTION OF POWER UNITS TO VARIOUS PLANTS.

DETAILS OF A MODERN UNDERWATER ELECTRICAL TYPE.

BY AN ENGINEERING & CORRESPONDENT,

In England water is generally applied. The reduced pressure thus so plentiful, and the method of its produced caused suction, and the collection, purification and distri water drawn up from below was bution apparently so simple, that then discharged by a further appli- many of the problems" facing the cation of steam, and the cycle of water engineer are, altogether out. Operations repeated.

With the side the conception of the millions steam supply controlled by hand, b) consumers, who obtain an shun- and the steam in direct contact dait supply by merely turding on the tap. As is well known, a large with the water, the mechanism was proportion of our water is gathered excessively wasteful in operation. from relatively high ground, where,

"THE NEW COMEN" ENGINE, it is impounded in Tokervoirs. Other considerable supplies, how-

The improved Now.comen typo ever, are not so conveniently die posed by Nature. While I some

utilised a piston kept steamtight cases the mining engineer has to by means of water on its upper pump up and dispos of large quan.side. The application of low-pres tities of water to keep his mines workable, the water engineer is asing somewhat similar methods to collect supplies of underground water for distribution to domestic Fand industrial users,

It was to this problem that the

sure steam. Below raised the piston, the steam then being condensed by the internal application of water, and with the reduced pressure the external atmospheric pressure forced the piston down, this motion being transmitted to the pump by

!

..do

the tubulan rod, while a single

posito orank imparts, the required motion to the rod to which the lower

bucket is attached. Both strokes are thus occupied in both suction and delivery, and a steacher torque is obtained as the result of equal work on both strokes..

WIDE RANGE OF PLANT The mechanism for raising water from "deep wells provides only one example of the numerous reciprocat ing pumps. A very wide range of pumping machinery is necessary for

owing to the great differences in the the, numerous hydraulic operations

to which it has to be raised and volume of water and the height

power

including that of lubricating, where

gritty water is being pumped

The troubles have now been sur, mounted by an ̈Í

t

OST STEE

The latest development in struơ- tural steel work is the providing of steel doors, which are detailed, an interesting, xrg.od fabricated, and erected by the con submersible pump which is coming | tractor at the same time as the into use, and which dispenses alto primary frame is erected, thus pa gothor, with the use of long shafts ing a good deal of time and re- down the well. The pump, is ac, dyeing costs considerably.. tuated by an à.C. metor, ther

Further avings are the elimina- stator coils of which are enclosed, tion of form work with its contin in an absolutely watertight welded gent are risk, temporary plank container. The water; however, has foorings, reinforcing steel for the access to all other parts of the floor, labs, and steel mesh for motor, and thus serves for cooling lighter floors. purposes The hydralie portion of the unit compris à vortical spindle multistage centrifugal pump.

It is claimed that the use of steel. for flooring provides a strong, fireproof flooring which considerably aide the contractors during the areation work by allowing the heavy

The motor cables are carried down IMPERVIOUS HOSE PIFE.

impervious boss pips, and are in-completed floor as the work pro- by means of specially constructed materials used to be stored on sach

albo to the various sources of

sorted in the motor through a sealed coeds. junction box. By this arrangement:l --steam, gas, oil, or eleotris While it is obvious that, should the hore- the power and pumping units may hola be somewhat out of the vertical, type of pumping plant will gain in be regarded as quite separato parts | the effectiveness of the pump is un- creasing favour owing to the numbe of the plant manufacturers have

of advantages it presents. It requires realised the advantages of both being made a far, as, practicable in the same works in order to ensure

adapted

that they shall be so

to secure the highest efficiency.

With the development of electri fication there have been increased demands for types of machinery running at high speeds, and there- fore capable of direct. with the high-speed motor. Th hast influenced pumping practice, and led to the evolution of the high-

This

affected.

a

+

A pump of this type is now in intermediate bearings, and the capacity of 9,800 gallons per hour and most inexpensive type, ordi operation at Thames House. It has rising main can be of the simplest against a lift of 1931, of which nary wrought iron pipe serving the 173ft. is underground. The pump, purposes, Inclined or distorted which runs at 3850 r.p.m., develops boros can be successfully negotiated 26 hp, and operates on three plase wish it, while the pump" requiran 50-gyole purrent as 400 volta,

"practically no attention.oxcept." It seems almost certain that this lubrication after very long periods

(Continued on neat column.)"; of ranning.

efforts of the fun storm engineers means of a beamia type which perheeney impeller pump, in which Use. Green Island Cement

the velocity energy of the water leaving the impeller is converted into pressure energy. In thie type it is unusual tq; provido for great pressures in a single stage, the water passing through a number of impellers, and picking up from each some contribution towards the maximum pressure which lias to be

were dirented. It is nearly two

wisted for a vary long time. a

and a half centuries since Savery

The main improvement effected atilise the elasticity of steam for in this, type was that introduced the pumping of water in a very by Watt, who saw the advantage to primitive type of engine, Steam ba gain by the maintenance of the was applied directly to the pump, steam cylinder at a high tempera- ing chamber, and subsequently cool-ture to prevent wasteful condensa, ou by means of water externally tion. Thus the separate condenser came to be added, followed later by improve mechanism in valve attained. gears and still later by the prin ciple of double expansion. Those " large beam engines were the au Centrifugal pumps offer for a preme examples of the engineering given bore à larger capacity than skill of those days. In one, ease a tho reciprocating types. They have Watt pump continued in operationalso the advantage over the air lift till towards the close of last century that they do not involve the sno

period of 120 years.

depth of submersion, and lack of pressure at the point of discharge.

The vertical spindle motor exact

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COMPLETE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

with

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Advice and Estimates given free on all types of

LIGHTING & POWER INSTALLATION

by an experiênced

ELECTRICAL ENGINEER

retained at our Hong Kong Branch

The General Electric Co. (of China), Ltd.

QUEEN'S BUILDINGS..

HONG KONG.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS:

Singe the days of Wait, however, the problems of pumping have been tackled along different lines in meets the requirements of the order to cope with the, increasing centrifugal type, but where stem, industrial and domestic demands. oil, or gas is to be used, the power Three chief types of applianca baye may be transmitted through a come into extensive use. These are quarter twist belt. Where largo the reciprocating type, the centri-powers are concerned there arises fugaletype, and the air lift. In the the need for bevel gear units of the. fest-named type the water is raised independent, machine-cut and total in a brokən column by the intre-ly enclosed type with speed increase. duction of air, the reduction in the weight of the column of air and water making it rise by external atmospheric pressure.

Such pumps. run continuously over lang periods with minimum attention and little wear to the moving parts. The intermediate The reciprocating type for deep bearings function only as steadics, wells involves the use of some and experience has proved that crank motion with a relatively slowthere is unusual freedom, from the speed source of power. The lous troubles generally attendant upon shaft may in some cases even be

pumping operations constructed of stiff wood rods

coupled together and connected to efficiency when it is desired to There may be some lowering of a gun metal bucket working in a gun-metal barrel attached to a steel tube, which constitutes the rising main. Alternatively, the recipro cating motion may be derived by worn gear from an electrically operated motor.

utilise the capacity of the bore to the loss of power is small. The the fullest extent, but in any chso

spindle sections are connected-to- gether by couplings designed to transmit both tension and torsion, while all bearings are protected by Pumps of this type are suitable renewable bronie linings. The for great depths and also for large woight of the spindle is carried by capacitica, Whobber the duty of

spoodal type of Michell, ball, or the pump is low or high the type is roller bearing mounted in the sur dairly constant, the diameter of pension crosshead. the bore varying up to 12in, and the length of stroke from a few inches to from 3 to 4 ft.

ار

The centrifugal typo of pump in.j applicable to all types of lifts, and while the usual elevations are not more than a few hundred feet, in special cases heads of up to several thousand fest are adequately pro- vided for:

Intermittent in action, the bore is only used to one-half of its cape city, but can be employed to its fullest extent by the use of a double- acting pump of the concertina type, comprising two buckete moving in

UNDERWATER PUMPS. opposite directions. The upper is In both the reciprocating and attached to a tubular, shaft, while entrifugal types of pumpe, how the lower is actuated by a rod pans over, there is at least one disadvan- ing through this tube Usually stage-the secouity for straightness pair of paralled cranks operate in the borghole. Any departure

*

.

for

Constructural Work of

Every Description.

HOW GREEN ISLAND CEMENT IS MADE

Green Island Cement is manufactured from hard limestone and clay. It is necessary that these materials should be finely ground in order that they may come into intimate contact with one another in the burning process.

り

LI

The finely pulverised materials are mixed

in a certain definite proportion, roughly one part of clay to three of limestone, and are fed to the Rotary Kilas.

In these kilns they meet the hot gases and flames generated by pulverised coal blown in at the other end of the kilns, and after various ebemical actions have taken place, they combine to form Portland Cement Clinker...

The Clinker is ground down with a sinail percentage of gypsum to regulate the setting time, and Green Island Portland Cement is thus produced.

Although sounding so simple, in reality the process is an intricate combination of mechanical, physical and chemical operations, needing great skill and care. Nothing but

ut constant and accurate supervision will yield the results so well known with Green Island Cement, namely, strength, uniformity and reliability.

USE GREEN ISLAND CEMENT

Issued by the

GREEN ISLAND CEMENT CO. LTD

FLOOR,

EXCHANGE BUILDING.